Self teaching
(南非)
描述
Learning how to use vetiver grass as a vegetative conservation barrier through instructions from a booklet and hands-on practical experience.
Aims / objectives: The manager of the farm was given a book and video on vetiver grass by the Mazda group from UK. His objective was to teach himself to improve his conservation system. Already he had a number of consercation strategies, including terracing, minimum tillage, mulching and strip-cropping, but he felt there was a need to better his syste,. Through self-teaching he gave himself an oppurtunity to do so.
There had been some vetiver plants on the farm for 40 years, and it held the soil in place where it grew. This vetiver grew into huge clumps comprising many splits (tillers). The book demonstrated how vetiver could be dug up, split and planted in a continuous barrier hedge for soil and water conservation. In other words, the book offered the possibility of improving on what was already there.
The approach therefore was to take ideas from a book, testing those ideas and see how they worked in practice. The approach has developed further by the farmer spreading his message to neighbours, some of whom have copied the system after visiting his farm and seeing the results for themselves. While the original handbook had been aimed especially at Indian farmers, subsequent to the successful experience of this particular farmer, a locally focussed handbook has been recently prepared in English and Zulu by the South African Vetiver Network.
地点
地点: Lower Tugela District, South Africa, Kwa-Zulu Natal, 南非
启动日期: 1989
终止年份: 不适用
方法的类型
Slips of vetiver grass are planted according to instructions in the booklet (William Critchley)
Spacing between slips is 10–15 cm apart at the time of planting. This should form a dense barrier but gapping-up may be necessary in subsequent seasons. (William Critchley)
方法目标和有利环境
该方法的主要目的/目标
The Approach focused on SLM only
test and try a new method by self-teaching and gaining hands-on experience
The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: lack of knowledge about alternative conservation technologies, need for a new and cheap supplement to existing forms of soil and water conservation within sugar cane, that could be tested and tried by the farmer himself without need for outside advice.
推动实施本办法所应用技术的条件
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法律框架(土地使用权、土地和水使用权): The existing land ownership, land use rights / water rights greatly helped the approach implementation: Made own decision and started to implement immediately
阻碍实施本办法所应用技术的条件
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财务资源和服务的可用性/可得性: Need to find a cheap supplement to existing SWC in sugar cane
Treatment through the SLM Approach: Discovery of vetiver grass barrier hedge technology described in a booklet
相关利益相关者的参与和角色
该方法涉及的利益相关者及其职责
该方法涉及哪些利益相关者/执行机构? |
指定利益相关者 |
说明利益相关者的角色 |
当地土地使用者/当地社区 |
Working land users were mainly men (Also women, the men are used for more physical work (harder)) |
|
当地土地使用者/当地社区参与该方法的不同阶段
计划
reading and thinking through the possibilities
实施
paying farm labourers to plant the grass
流程图
Establishing vetiver hedges: instructions on preparation for planting in the vetiver handbook.
作者:World Bank, 1990
有关SLM技术选择的决策
决策是由......做出的
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仅限土地使用者(自主)
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主要是土地使用者,由SLM专家提供支持
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所有相关参与者,作为参与式方法的一部分
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主要是SLM专家,咨询土地使用者之后
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仅限SLM专家
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政治家和领袖
决策是基于
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对充分记录的SLM知识进行评估(基于证据的决策)
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研究结果
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个人经验和意见(无记录)
技术支持、能力建设和知识管理
以下活动或服务是该方法的一部分
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能力建设/培训
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咨询服务
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机构强化(组织发展)
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监测和评估
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研究
能力建设/培训
培训形式
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在职
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农民对农民
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示范区域
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公开会议
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课程
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self-taught, hands-on experience
监测和评估
bio-physical aspects were regular monitored by land users through observations; indicators: vetiver performance
technical aspects were ad hoc monitored by land users through observations
economic / production aspects were ad hoc monitored by land users through observations
area treated aspects were regular monitored by land users through measurements
no. of land users involved aspects were ad hoc monitored by land users through observations
There were no changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation
There were no changes in the Technology as a result of monitoring and evaluation
融资和外部物质支持
SLM组成部分的年度预算,以美元计算
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< 2,000
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2,000-10,000
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10,000-100,000
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100,000-1,000,000
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> 1,000,000
Precise annual budget: 不适用
Approach costs were met by the following donors: other (farmer itself): 100.0%
已向土地使用者提供以下服务或激励
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为土地使用者提供财政/物质支援
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特定投入的补贴
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信用
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其它激励或手段
影响分析和结论性陈述
方法的影响
该方法是否帮助土地使用者实施和维护SLM技术?
Land users can continue without support and at least a modest spontaneous expansion of adoption is expected.
Did other land users / projects adopt the Approach?
Three neighbouring farmers have adopted the technology throught their observations
方法活动的可持续性
土地使用者能否维持通过该方法实施的措施(无外部支持的情况下)?
Land users can continue without support and at least a modest spontaneous expansion of adoption is expected.
结论和吸取的教训
长处: 土地使用者的观点
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Neighbours can easily see and copy (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Farmer-to-farmer visits could be promoted through self-help groups and associations.)
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A very cheap method of extension/knowledge transfer (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Produce and disseminate booklets and information on the internet more widely.)
长处: 编制者或其他关键资源人员的观点
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A technical system devised from a handbook and experience rather than needing a project or intensive visits from extension agents (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Make sure such handbooks are spread and available in local languages.)
弱点/缺点/风险: 土地使用者的观点如何克服
弱点/缺点/风险: 编制者或其他关键资源人员的观点如何克服
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Not everyone has access to such teaching material or is literate
Spread literature and information more widley and in local languages both in written form and on the radio.
参考文献
审查者
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Fabian Ottiger
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Deborah Niggli
实施日期: Jan. 15, 2009
上次更新: April 4, 2018
资源人
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Philippe Zahner (philippe.zahner@deza.admin.ch) - SLM专业人员
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Rinda van der Merwe (rinda@arc.agric.za) - SLM专业人员
文件编制者
机构
- Institute for Soil, Climate & Water - 南非
- Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (DEZA / COSUDE / DDC / SDC) - 瑞士
项目
- Book project: where the land is greener - Case Studies and Analysis of Soil and Water Conservation Initiatives Worldwide (where the land is greener)
主要参考文献
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World Bank (1990): Vetiver Grass: The Hedge against Erosion: World Bank, Washington D.C.