secondary aerated lagoon area (Mr. Ryan Benavidez)

Sugar Mill Wastewater Re-use for Irrigation (菲律宾)

描述

Re-using of wastewater to support agricultural crop production, as well as, to help in environmental protection

With increasing water demand and with the changing climate, water availability or water security is critical for the agriculture sector as this resource is a fundamental prerequisite in crop production. Various solutions are tapped and one of it is harnessing the potential of wastewater to be used for irrigation.

In the Philippines, one of the companies that utilize their treated wastewater is the BUSCO SUGAR MILLING CO., INC. located in Brgy. Butong, Quezon, Bukidnon. This treated wastewater is currently being re-used as irrigation water for the BUSCO Cane Farms areas, adjacent to the Mill Site covering 493 hectares and also to their leased adjacent 323-ha agricultural land.

Primarily, water as an industrial by-product is evident in both raw and refined sugar milling process. Volume of wastewater can be generated in the following sources or stations of sugar production: mill and cane handling station, process and/or boiling house, refinery house, and boiler house. In BUSCO, this wastewater all goes to their common wastewater treatment plant with a capacity of 100,000 volumetric meter and uses primary and secondary treatment.

The treatment started with the screening of influent (waste water) which passes through a motor driven conveyor type system to separate the solid waste such as bagasse, bagacillo, silt/mud, sand, and trash canes. After the screening, it now proceeds to the oil/grease separation at the separator tank. Oil and grease that usually floats were removed via manual skimming. The next treatment process is called neutralization wherein the acidic influent (phof 4.0–5.0) will be added with chemicals (i.e. Lime and/or caustic soda) to neutralize and maintain the pH at 6.0–8.0. The neutralized wastewater is then impounded in a digester tank to undergo the process of digestion. Enzymes or bacteria are being introduced to enhanced biodegradation. Aeration is also applied to minimize suspended solids and scum formation. After this, wastewater is transferred to the lagoon for primary aeration process. Lagoons are belted with air diffuser membrane to produced fine bubbles and efficiently dissolved oxygen. Waste water was aerated and polluting substance decomposed. Further, the wastewater and the activated sludge are again mixed and aerated in the secondary and tertiary aeration where the polluting substances are further decomposed by oxidation and are absorbed. Finally, it will store in the final settling pond which will then be utilized for irrigation. The treated wastewater in BUSCO has a Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) value of 50mg/L which is within the prescribed standard BOD parameters of wastewater quality to be used for crop irrigation (< 150mg/L).

Irrigation is done through the hand move spray irrigation system. It uses aluminum pipes backed by centrifugal pumps and spray nozzles. Aside from supporting the sugarcane water requirement particularly during dry months, the treated wastewater/effluent contains nutrients (Nitrogen- 2.5mg/L; Phosphorus- 3.8 mg/L; Potassium- 3.8 mg/L) which reduce fertilizer requirements of the sugarcane farm.

地点

地点: Butong, Quezon, Bukidnon, 菲律宾

分析的技术场所数量: 单一场所

选定地点的地理参考
  • 125.0726, 7.80763

技术传播: 均匀地分布在一个区域 (approx. 1-10 平方千米)

在永久保护区?:

实施日期: 10-50年前

介绍类型
Final settling pond (Mr. Ryan Benavidez)
Sugarcane farm area where treated wastewater is irrigated (Mr. Ryan Benavidez)

技术分类

主要目的
  • 改良生产
  • 减少、预防、恢复土地退化
  • 保护生态系统
  • 结合其他技术保护流域/下游区域
  • 保持/提高生物多样性
  • 降低灾害风险
  • 适应气候变化/极端天气及其影响
  • 减缓气候变化及其影响
  • 创造有益的经济影响
  • 创造有益的社会影响
土地利用

  • 农田
    • 一年一作
    • 多年一作(非木材): 甘蔗
    每年的生长季节数: 2

供水
  • 雨养
  • 混合雨水灌溉
  • 充分灌溉

土地退化相关的目的
  • 防止土地退化
  • 减少土地退化
  • 修复/恢复严重退化的土地
  • 适应土地退化
  • 不适用
解决的退化问题
  • 水质恶化 - Hp:地表水水质下降
SLM组
  • 废物管理/废水管理
SLM措施
  • 结构措施 - S8:卫生/废水结构物
  • 管理措施 - M6:废物管理(回收、再利用或减少)

技术图纸

技术规范
Wastewater treatment flow diagram of BUSCO. The treatment started with the screening of influent (waste water) which passes through a motor driven conveyor type system to separate the solid waste such as bagasse, bagacillo, silt/mud, sand, and trash canes. After the screening, it now proceeds to the oil/grease separation at the separator tank. Oil and grease that usually floats were removed via manual skimming. The next treatment process is called neutralization wherein the acidic influent (phof 4.0–5.0) will be added with chemicals (i.e. Lime and/or caustic soda) to neutralize and maintain the pH at 6.0–8.0. The neutralized wastewater is then impounded in a digester tank to undergo the process of digestion. Enzymes or bacteria are being introduced to enhanced biodegradation. Aeration is also applied to minimize suspended solids and scum formation. After this, wastewater is transferred to the lagoon for primary aeration process. Lagoons are belted with air diffuser membrane to produced fine bubbles and efficiently dissolved oxygen. Waste water was aerated and polluting substance decomposed. Further, the wastewater and the activated sludge are again mixed and aerated in the secondary and tertiary aeration where the polluting substances are further decomposed by oxidation and are absorbed. Finally, it will store in the final settling pond which will then be utilized for irrigation. The treated wastewater in BUSCO has a Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) value of 50mg/L which is within the prescribed standard BOD parameters of wastewater quality to be used for crop irrigation (< 150mg/L).
Author: BUSCO Sugar Milling Co.

技术建立与维护:活动、投入和费用

投入和成本的计算
  • 计算的成本为:每个技术单元
  • 成本计算使用的货币:不适用
  • 汇率(换算为美元):1 美元 = 不适用
  • 雇用劳工的每日平均工资成本:不适用
影响成本的最重要因素
不适用
技术建立活动
  1. Establishment of Waste Water Treatment Facilities (时间/频率: None)
技术维护活动
n.a.

自然环境

年平均降雨量
  • < 250毫米
  • 251-500毫米
  • 501-750毫米
  • 751-1,000毫米
  • 1,001-1,500毫米
  • 1,501-2,000毫米
  • 2,001-3,000毫米
  • 3,001-4,000毫米
  • > 4,000毫米
农业气候带
  • 潮湿的
  • 半湿润
  • 半干旱
  • 干旱
关于气候的规范
不适用
斜坡
  • 水平(0-2%)
  • 缓降(3-5%)
  • 平缓(6-10%)
  • 滚坡(11-15%)
  • 崎岖(16-30%)
  • 陡峭(31-60%)
  • 非常陡峭(>60%)
地形
  • 高原/平原
  • 山脊
  • 山坡
  • 山地斜坡
  • 麓坡
  • 谷底
海拔
  • 0-100 m a.s.l.
  • 101-500 m a.s.l.
  • 501-1,000 m a.s.l.
  • 1,001-1,500 m a.s.l.
  • 1,501-2,000 m a.s.l.
  • 2,001-2,500 m a.s.l.
  • 2,501-3,000 m a.s.l.
  • 3,001-4,000 m a.s.l.
  • > 4,000 m a.s.l.
......应用的技术
  • 凸形情况
  • 凹陷情况
  • 不相关
土壤深度
  • 非常浅(0-20厘米)
  • 浅(21-50厘米)
  • 中等深度(51-80厘米)
  • 深(81-120厘米)
  • 非常深(> 120厘米)
土壤质地(表土)
  • 粗粒/轻(砂质)
  • 中粒(壤土、粉土)
  • 细粒/重质(粘土)
土壤质地(地表以下>20厘米)
  • 粗粒/轻(砂质)
  • 中粒(壤土、粉土)
  • 细粒/重质(粘土)
表土有机质含量
  • 高(>3%)
  • 中(1-3%)
  • 低(<1%)
地下水位
  • 表面上
  • < 5米
  • 5-50米
  • > 50米
地表水的可用性
  • 过量
  • 中等
  • 匮乏/没有
水质(未处理)
  • 良好饮用水
  • 不良饮用水(需要处理)
  • 仅供农业使用(灌溉)
  • 不可用
水质请参考:
盐度是个问题吗?

洪水发生
物种多样性
  • 中等
栖息地多样性
  • 中等

应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

市场定位
  • 生计(自给)
  • 混合(生计/商业)
  • 商业/市场
非农收入
  • 低于全部收入的10%
  • 收入的10-50%
  • > 收入的50%
相对财富水平
  • 非常贫瘠
  • 贫瘠
  • 平均水平
  • 丰富
  • 非常丰富
机械化水平
  • 手工作业
  • 畜力牵引
  • 机械化/电动
定栖或游牧
  • 定栖的
  • 半游牧的
  • 游牧的
个人或集体
  • 个人/家庭
  • 团体/社区
  • 合作社
  • 员工(公司、政府)
性别
  • 女人
  • 男人
年龄
  • 儿童
  • 青年人
  • 中年人
  • 老年人
每户使用面积
  • < 0.5 公顷
  • 0.5-1 公顷
  • 1-2 公顷
  • 2-5公顷
  • 5-15公顷
  • 15-50公顷
  • 50-100公顷
  • 100-500公顷
  • 500-1,000公顷
  • 1,000-10,000公顷
  • > 10,000公顷
规模
  • 小规模的
  • 中等规模的
  • 大规模的
土地所有权
  • 公司
  • 社区/村庄
  • 团体
  • 个人,未命名
  • 个人,有命名
土地使用权
  • 自由进入(无组织)
  • 社区(有组织)
  • 租赁
  • 个人
用水权
  • 自由进入(无组织)
  • 社区(有组织)
  • 租赁
  • 个人
进入服务和基础设施的通道
健康

贫瘠
教育

贫瘠
技术援助

贫瘠
就业(例如非农)

贫瘠
市场

贫瘠
能源

贫瘠
道路和交通

贫瘠
饮用水和卫生设施

贫瘠
金融服务

贫瘠

影响

社会经济影响
作物生产
降低
增加

灌溉用水的可用性
降低
增加

农业投入费用
增加
降低

社会文化影响
生态影响
水量
降低
增加

养分循环/补给
降低
增加

干旱影响
增加
降低

场外影响
地下水/河流污染
增加
减少

成本效益分析

与技术建立成本相比的效益
与技术维护成本相比的效益

气候变化

-

采用和适应

采用该技术的地区内土地使用者的百分比
  • 单例/实验
  • 1-10%
  • 11-50%
  • > 50%
在所有采用这种技术的人当中,有多少人在没有获得物质奖励的情况下采用了这种技术?
  • 0-10%
  • 11-50%
  • 51-90%
  • 91-100%
最近是否对该技术进行了修改以适应不断变化的条件?
什么样的变化条件?
  • 气候变化/极端气候
  • 不断变化的市场
  • 劳动力可用性(例如,由于迁移)

结论和吸取的教训

长处: 土地使用者的观点
  • •Source of irrigation during water shortage on dry months
    •Additional source of nutrients thus decreasing the dependency on chemical fertilizers
    •Eliminate/Reduce wastewater discharge on water bodies thus reduction of water pollution
    •Complying to the environmental standards
    •Savings on wastewater discharge fee of the industrial company
长处: 编制者或其他关键资源人员的观点
  • Contribute in the elimination or reduction of water pollution in the near-by water bodies.
    Complying to the environmental standards.
    Water availability particularly during dry months.
弱点/缺点/风险: 土地使用者的观点如何克服
  • none
弱点/缺点/风险: 编制者或其他关键资源人员的观点如何克服
  • Investment cost. Optimizing the operation of the treatment facility;
    possible utilization of other wastes like sludge, mill ash, and mudpress into soil conditioner or fertilizer

参考文献

编制者
  • Philippine Overview of Conservation Approaches and Technologies
Editors
审查者
  • Ursula Gaemperli
  • Alexandra Gavilano
实施日期: March 5, 2017
上次更新: June 13, 2019
资源人
WOCAT数据库中的完整描述
链接的SLM数据
文件编制者
机构 项目
链接到网络上可用的相关信息
  • not available: None
This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareaAlike 4.0 International