最佳实践的简短描述

SPWD has done a broad ecological characterization of the Jaisamand catchment area and identified the major ecological issues associated with each major livelihood system in the area. This along with the use of the Participatory resource mapping tool, formed the basis of optimisation of resources. |

地点

Jaisamand Catchment Area in Udaipur District of Rajasthan

如果该位置有明确的边界，请以公顷为单位说明其延伸范围。:

185787.0

居住在该地区的估计人口:

1183369.0

指定地点内的自然环境简介。

The typical soil in this area is chemically matured but texturally immature. The soil type varies from red loamy to sandy, gravelly to medium black soils. The soil moisture control section remains dry in some or all parts for 90 or more cumulative days per year. |
The climate is generally dry except in the south-west monsoon season. The cold season is from December to February, followed by the hot season from March to the middle of June. The south-west monsoon season starts from June end and continues up to middle of September. |
The steeply dipping phyllites and their quartzite bands stand out as structural hills and residual hills. Low relief surrounded by gently sloping erosional bed rock phyllites mainly with vener of detritus also occur as pedimentinselberg complex in between the hilly terrain.

居住在该地点及/或附近居民的普遍社会经济状况

According to Livelihood pattern the community in the area can be classified as farmers, agriculture labour. Animal husbandry is a secondary occupation for most of the people in the area. This reveals the significance of animal husbandry in the livelihood. |
Most of the families in the block have small land holdings that too are sloping land facing problem of severe erosion and low moisture retention. The Wastelands Characterization study by SPWD reveals that around 50 % of the private lands are in the category of pastures.
About Fifty percent of households in the area are classified as living below poverty line, including two-thirds of Tribal households. Land ownership is inadequate in size and not viable for production. Only 20% of land is cultivated and equal amount of land constitute private pastures. |

根据哪些标准和/或指标（与战略无关），在确定建议的实践和相应的技术是否被认为是“最佳”时，应该基于哪些标准和/或指标（与战略无关）？

Consensus evolved during the National Consultation process.

最佳实践解决的主要问题

Depletion of Land Resources and Increase In Wastelands |Decline in forested areas and vegetative cover|Higher incidence of drought |Decline in Water-table

概述最佳实践解决的具体土地退化问题

The 'forest based life-support system' dominates the life style in the hill areas, degradation of these resources adversely affect livelihoods of local communities. With the increase in biotic interference and alarming deforestation, the area under wastelands has increased significantly in the hills|

具体说明最佳实践的目标

To map the current status of land, water and forest resources |To assess degradation status of resources|To identify opportunities for sustainable livelihoods  |To prepare a plan for sustainable management of local resources

按目标对主要活动进行简要的描述

Mapping of land resources (common and private lands) |Mapping of water resources (surface and ground water) |Mapping of biotic resources (flora and fauna)
Estimating caring capacities of village resources|Characterizing potentials of local resources|Scoping exercises for optimal uses of resources
Spatial analysis of resource status|Temporal analysis of resource status |Analysis of ownership of resources|Analysis of uses/access patterns for resources
Identification of appropriate interventions for restoration and development of village resources |Prioritizing identified actions for development of resources |Compilation of plan and bringing synergy in various programmes

技术开发机构的名称和地址

Society for Promotion of Wastelands Development (SPWD)|26 -27, Mahavir Colony,
Bedla Road, Badgaon
Udaipur - 301 011, Rajasthan, INDIA

这项技术是合作开发的吗?

是

列出合作伙伴:

Prayatna Samiti, Bambora (Udaipur)|Hanuman Van Vikas Samiti, Sakroda (Udaipur)|Jagran Jan Vikas Samiti, Vali (Udaipur)

具体说明该技术推广的框架

• 国家倡议——非政府主导

当地利益相关者（包括CSO）的参与是否促进了技术的开发？

是

列出涉及的当地利益相关者:

Community Members|Panchayati Raj Functionaries|Government Departments|Scientific Institutions

对于上面列出的利益相关者，说明他们在该技术的设计、引入、使用和维护（如果有的话）中的角色。

The local community members have crucial role in the initiative. They will lead all efforts at local level. Community members also have role in planning, implementation and management of the plans evolved. The local panchayat being implementing agency of various developmental programme will execute the plans prepared and also govern the whole initiative. Various government department will pool in their expertise and resources for the initiative. Inputs from technical institutions are utilized for the initiative. Establishment of resource centre is important to perform functions of design and delivery of the  services directly or through facilitation linkages with existing government programmes in general and NREGP in particular. Primary objective is to enable community members and PRI functionaries for aggregation of support inputs and their delivery for sustainable livelihood promotion. It will include background information on NREGP, Stakeholder mapping for NREGP, at village, GP & Block level, status of NREGP implementation in the panchayats and block.|

居住在该地区和/或附近的居民是否参与了该技术的开发？

是

通过什么手段？:

• 参与途径

具体说明:

The local community members are integral part of the initiative, they were involved at all levels i.e. mapping, scoping, analysis, interpretation, planning and presentations.

描述现场影响（按类别划分的两类主要影响）

Sustainable use and management of local resources ensured with community participation
The degraded areas reclaimed under developmental programmes  
Restoration of the ecologically fragile areas under developmental schemes
The marginal groups got opportunities to improve their livelihoods by creation of durable assets
Production from common and private lands improved due to eco restoration measures
Participation of marginal groups ensured at all levels

描述两个主要的场外影响（即不是发生在现场，而是发生在周围区域）

Promoted use of technologies and modern knowledge among local communities and brought synergy in modern sciences and indigenous knowledge through technical backstopping at grass root level
Bridged the gap between local communities and government functionaries by articulating the common aims and objectives of both the stakeholders

对生物多样性和气候变化的影响

解释原因:

The perspective plans and annual plans prepared at village level for development of village resources have important component of enhancing vegetative cover and bio mass in the village to sustain livelihoods of communities and eco-restoration. The increased vegetative cover will contribute in carbon sequestration and will also reduce the emissions. Hence the initiative will positively contribute to climate change mitigation measures.
The resource assessment exercises conducted with local communities has helped them in understanding the current conditions of the local resources and they become aware about potentials of village resources and their developmental needs. Based on these assessments and planning exercises communities are able to prepare appropriate adaptation plan for extreme conditions.

是否进行了成本效益分析？

是否进行了成本效益分析？:

是

具体说明:

The river basin level assessments cost around Rs. 6/- per hectare, which is nominal in terms of investment done under several developmental schemes. The village level assessment, perspective building and planning exercises cost around Rs. 35/- per hectare. This amount in reasonable as the developmental investment on 1 hactare of land in watershed framework cost between Rs. 10,000/- to 20,000/-. |

该技术是否传播/引进到其他地方？

该技术是否传播/引进到其他地方？:

是

传播/引进到哪里？:

Alwar|Karauli|Bhilwara|Barmer|Udaipur

是否提供了促进采用该技术的奖励措施？

是否提供了促进采用该技术的奖励措施？:

是

具体说明激励的类型:

• 财务激励（例如优惠利率、国家援助、补贴、现金补助、贷款担保等）

您能否确定目前最佳实践/技术成功的三个主要条件？

Organisation of local communities and their participation in assessment, visioning, planning, implementation and management of interventions is crucial. |
The opportunities available under National Rural Employment Guarantee Act proved very important to implement the plan
2. Role of local governance institutions (PRIs) is very important to realize the plans and implement properly.
Role of local governance institutions (PRIs) is very important to realize the plans and implement properly.

可复制性

在您看来，您所提出的最佳实践/技术可以复制到其他地方，尽管有一定程度的适应？:

是

适应程度如何？:

• 地方
• 次国家

人力资源相关

Communities may organise for common concerns if they realize significance / relevance of the same. |Community members can use the modern technologies (GIS & Remote Sensing) available once they get exposure and acquainted|The local communities require facilitation for understanding current situations, opportunities and plan accordingly

与财务方面有关

Use of modern sciences can reduce planning cost significantly
|A separate provision should be made for planning under any developmental programme|Planning with technical backstopping can help in prioritizing interventions based of social, financial and ecological considerations

与技术方面有关

Use of GIS & Remote Sensing can help us in understanding spatial and temporal patterns of degradation / restoration of resources|Impact assessment of developmental interventions can be done more accurately with the help of GIS & RS and computer technologies