1.2 参与方法评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对方法进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Orissa Watershed Developemnt Mission - 印度

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 SLM技术问卷的参考

2.1 该方法的简要说明

Livelihood asset base development through participatory watershed developemnt keeping people at the center stage of development and promoting village level institutions.

2.2 该方法的详细说明

该方法的详细说明:

Aims / objectives: Livelihoods improvement through asset building; Capacity building, Enabling environment, Village level institutions building, Natural resource management. Participatory tools are used to do situational analysis and planning. Self Help Groups and User Groups are promoted for taking up micro enterprise and land based activities respectively. Community mobilisation is done using local folk songs and dance.

Stages of implementation: The project is implemented within a five year period. First year is used as rapport building, institution building and preparation of micro plan. The external team plays the role of facilitators and capacity building of the primary stakeholders.

2.3 该方法的照片

2.5 采用该方法的国家/地区/地点

2.6 该方法的开始和终止日期

2.7 方法的类型

• 基于项目/方案

2.8 该方法的主要目的/目标

The Approach focused mainly on SLM with other activities (Productivity enhancement; Income generating programme, Water and sanitation)

1. Livelihood improvement. 2. Poverty Reduction. 3. Increase households(HH) annual income. 4. Eco restoration

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: Natural calamity ( drought) 2. Poverty 3. Illiteracy 4. Sustanability in agriculture production.5. Economic enhancement of the people.

2.9 推动或妨碍实施本办法所适用的技术的条件

3.1 该方法涉及的利益相关者及其职责

3.2 当地土地使用者/当地社区参与该方法的不同阶段

	当地土地使用者/当地社区的参与	指定参与人员并描述活动
启动/动机	被动	public meetings; Lack of awareness about the SWC measures.
计划	互动	Mainly: rapid/participatory rural appraisal; partly: interviews/questionnaires; Conceptual clarity regarding SWC & its benefits
实施	外部支持	Mainly: casual labour; partly: responsibility for minor steps; Engaged as daily wage labourer. Extends cooperation in non-monetary activities
监测/评估	互动	Mainly: public meetings; partly: interviews/questionnaires; 1. Evaluation of field work through measurement. 2. Transperancy on expenditure and programme.
Research	被动

3.3 流程图（如可用）

3.4 有关SLM技术选择的决策

具体说明谁有权决定选择要实施的技术:

• 主要是土地使用者，由SLM专家提供支持

解释:

The problems are discussed while doing transect in the watersheds. Solutions aby the users as well as the SWC specialists are discussed. The consensus is arrived on the technology which land users can accept, adopt and maintain.And the technology do not put pressure on the natural environment.

Decisions on the method of implementing the SLM Technology were made by mainly by land users supported by SLM specialists. During the MLP,transect is carried along with the land users and options were discussed with the land users. Then they choose the best option after analysing the opportunities and constraints.The UG implement the technology. This has been laid down in t

4.1 能力建设/培训

是否为土地使用者/其他利益相关者提供培训？:

是

明确受训人员:

• 土地使用者

• SWC specialists, teachers (2), extensionists/trainers (1), planners (3)

培训形式:

• 在职
• 农民对农民
• 示范区域

涵盖的主题:

Class room as well as on farm training provided to land users.

4.2 咨询服务

土地使用者有权使用咨询服务吗？:

是

指明是否提供了咨询服务:

• 在固定中心

说明/注释:

Name of method used for advisory service: Participatoy extension methods and exposure to successful fields, demo plotsl; Key elements: Seeing is beleiving and learning by doing; 1) Mainly: Through change agents(Community Link Workers), Partly: government's existing extension system 2) Mainly: Through change agents(Community Link Workers), Partly: government's existing extension system; Extension staff: specifically hired project employees 3) Target groups for extension: land users; Activities: To expertise and replicate

Advisory service is inadequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; Extensioin programme relating to production aspects of the technology is not adequate.

4.3 机构强化（组织发展）

是否通过这种方法建立或加强了机构？:

• 是，适度

具体说明机构的强化或建立程度:

• 本地

具体说明支持类型:

• 财务
• 能力建设/培训
• 设备

4.4 监测和评估

监测和评估是该方法的一部分吗？:

是

注释:

bio-physical aspects were regular monitored through observations

technical aspects were regular monitored through measurements

socio-cultural aspects were regular monitored through observations

economic / production aspects were regular monitored through measurements

area treated aspects were regular monitored through observations

no. of land users involved aspects were regular monitored through measurements

management of Approach aspects were regular monitored through observations

There were few changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: Increased participation and ownership. User groups are strengthened. Viewsa of the Users respected and involved in decision making.

4.5 研究

研究是该方法的一部分吗?

是

• Participatory and action research

提供进一步的细节，并指出是谁做的研究:

Participatory technology development through IDEI and action research with independent consultancy firms have been initiated. But relating to approach research study have not been initiated. This is infant stage.

Research was carried out on-farm

5.1 该方法中SLM组成部分的年度预算

如果不知道准确的年度预算，请给出一个范围:

• 10,000-100,000

注释（例如主要的资助来源/主要捐助者）:

Approach costs were met by the following donors: government (national - MoRD): 100.0%

5.2 为土地使用者提供财政/物质支援

土地使用者是否获得实施该技术的财政/物质支持？:

是

5.3 对特定投入的补贴（包括劳动力）

• 设备

• 农业

• 基建

注释:

UG

5.4 信用

是否根据SLM活动的方法给予信用值？:

否

6.1 方法的影响

6.3 方法活动的可持续性

土地使用者能否维持通过该方法实施的措施（无外部支持的情况下）？:

• 是

6.4 该方法的长处/优点

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
Views and opinion of the beneficiaries are considered (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Regular follow- up.)

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
1.Community Organisation (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Strengthen village level institutions)
2. Participatory Approaches (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Institutionalise processes)
3. Monitoring (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Strengthen community monitoring)
4. Evaluation (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Evaluation by both internal and external agency)
5. Ownership (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: User rights ensured, Community Fund Sustainably utilised)

6.5 该方法的弱点/缺点以及克服它们的方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Coherence among group members	How to make the groups self sustainable? This needs to be addressed by providing financial freedom, decision making opportunities,vision building through exposure to better groups

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Facilitators attitude	Capacity building programme for the facilitators

7.1 方法/信息来源