1.2 参与方法评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对方法进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

Environmental Land Management and Rural Livelihood Project

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

（现场）数据是什么时候汇编的？:

20/09/2017

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

2.1 该方法的简要说明

In the mountainous conditions of Tajikistan the main source of fodder for livestock is accumulated in remote pastures, which are located high in the mountains and are classified as summer pastures. Improving access with building infrastructure (roads and bridges) to these remote pastures as a main source of fodder for livestock during summer period will decrease burden on pastures close to the village and will help rehabilitation of degraded pastures and improvement of other environmental services provided by pasture lands.

2.2 该方法的详细说明

该方法的详细说明:

The main feature in this approach is to balance the use of the pasture land in different seasons thorugh development of access to this resources. After the collapse of the Soviet Union and break down of the kolkhozes and Sovkhozes in the mountainous area of Tajikistan, utilization of pasture lands were suffering because of poor infrastructure, such as roads and bridges. Through community mobilization and sharing of funding costs such as labour force, roads and bridges providing access to remote pastures are build. This approach motivated communities to put in place rotation plans of patures. The main objective of promoting this approach is to organize the whole potential of existing fodder from the pasture and decrease burden on the close pasture lands to communities.
In this approach participatory methods was used, where community shared labour force and the local government support with formal documentation to allow contraction of new roads and bridges. Funding was mobilized from different sources, such as donor funds, governments and sometimes from the community itself.
Communities as members of PUUs were mobilized to serve as labour with some funding from project to access materials and means for implementation. The plan was negotiated and coordinated with the local level governmental authorities for legal permission both on improving infrastructure and use of pastures remote from villages.
Communities were excited to have access to additional pasture lands, as source of fodder for livestock development. Under this approach communities were motivated to plan pasture use in a sustainable way. Since the approach involves construction of roads and bridges, it involved a lot of manpower, especially during the agriculture season, where land users were also busy in their fields.

2.3 该方法的照片

2.5 采用该方法的国家/地区/地点

2.6 该方法的开始和终止日期

2.7 方法的类型

• 基于项目/方案

2.8 该方法的主要目的/目标

The main purpose of the approach is to support communities with improving access to the existing pasture resources and organize sustainable use of natural resources by providing also other ecosystem services such as recreational for people to go for hiking and mountaineering.

2.9 推动或妨碍实施本办法所适用的技术的条件

3.1 该方法涉及的利益相关者及其职责

3.2 当地土地使用者/当地社区参与该方法的不同阶段

	当地土地使用者/当地社区的参与	指定参与人员并描述活动
启动/动机	互动	Community members such as livestock owners are involved in the process of identifying the potential for pasture development.
计划	互动	Community members, who graze their livestock in the remote pastures together with community based organizations/structures jointly develop their plan and priorities they need. In their planning process a representative from the local government usually participates.
实施	自我动员	In the implementation phase usually, if external funding is not available, community with support of their local structures organize themselves and share contribution to build or rehabilitate infrastructure to the pasture lands.
监测/评估	互动	If the project is funded from external resources joint monitoring is conducted with involvement of government representatives, funders and community members.

3.4 有关SLM技术选择的决策

具体说明谁有权决定选择要实施的技术:

• 主要是土地使用者，由SLM专家提供支持

解释:

In their community planning process, either specific on pasture management or overall community planning, community members identify their needs and prioritise for implementation during a certain period. In this planning process a government representative usually participates aswell. Sometimes with support of I/NGOs specific planning tools or methodologies are developed and introduced at community level.

明确做出决策的依据:

• 个人经验和意见（无记录）

4.1 能力建设/培训

是否为土地使用者/其他利益相关者提供培训？:

否

4.2 咨询服务

土地使用者有权使用咨询服务吗？:

否

4.3 机构强化（组织发展）

是否通过这种方法建立或加强了机构？:

• 是，少许

具体说明机构的强化或建立程度:

• 本地

说明机构、角色和职责、成员等。:

Usually the community initiative is mobilized through community based organizations (village organization), which exist in all communities. In some cases specific structures, such as Pasture User Unions as separate entities or pasture user groups such as CBO sub-groups are established for proper management of pasture resources. In this case a pasture group with a specific working group (or brigade) consisting of specialized masters is organized to carry out the construction process and report to the official structure in the communities.

具体说明支持类型:

• 财务
• 设备

提供进一步细节:

for procurement of construction materials and fuel for tractor for road construction, fee for technical staff like engineer, masters

4.4 监测和评估

监测和评估是该方法的一部分吗？:

是

注释:

compliance with sustainability plan and maintenance mechanism is monitored by the project staff and engineering work by technical staff was checked and readjusted

若是，该文件是否用于监测和评估？:

是

注释:

internal documentation from the implementing agency is used t

4.5 研究

研究是该方法的一部分吗?

否

5.1 该方法中SLM组成部分的年度预算

如果不知道准确的年度预算，请给出一个范围:

• 10,000-100,000

注释（例如主要的资助来源/主要捐助者）:

sharing contribution by donors and communities and also sometime by government

5.2 为土地使用者提供财政/物质支援

土地使用者是否获得实施该技术的财政/物质支持？:

是

如果是，请具体说明支持的类型、条件和提供者:

construction materials and technical supervision with preparing of the design and implementation of the approach

5.3 对特定投入的补贴（包括劳动力）

• 设备

• 建筑

• 基建

如果土地使用者的劳动力是一项重要的投入，那么是不是:

• 自愿

注释:

labour usually in construction project is considered as community contribution, which is organized by the community based organization and agreed on the pre-planning session of the project selection process

5.4 信用

是否根据SLM活动的方法给予信用值？:

否

5.5 其它激励或手段

是否有其他激励措施或工具用于促进SLM技术的实施？:

否

6.1 方法的影响

6.2 土地使用者实施SLM的主要动机

6.3 方法活动的可持续性

土地使用者能否维持通过该方法实施的措施（无外部支持的情况下）？:

• 不确定

若否或不确定，请具体说明并予以注释:

If the approach is applied properly and the rotation grazing is followed, the infrastructure is maintained, then it contributes to the sustainability of the project. Usually communities collect money when rehabilitation is required.

6.4 该方法的长处/优点

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
provide them with additional pasture areas, give them opportunity to improve their pasture resource conditions.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
The approach motivates community to share resources for the community work and contribute voluntary lobour.

6.5 该方法的弱点/缺点以及克服它们的方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
It is difficult to fund big projects, because infrastructure development to access new pasture areas is always associated with big funding.	establish special fund for maintenance of this approach

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Community structures are new and are not well empowered to maintain all the innovative approaches.	empower PUU and pasture users to become the real owner of the resource and build their capacity in management of their structure and sustainability

7.1 方法/信息来源

7.2 参考可用出版物

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Pasture and Livestock Management Plan, Zevarshoev Askarsho, 2015

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

available upon request