方法

Local level participatory planning approach (based on FFW) [埃塞俄比亚]

创建： 01/21/2009 midnight
更新： 07/24/2017 10:20 a.m.
编制者： Philippe Zahner
编辑者： –
审查者： Fabian Ottiger

approaches_2379 - 埃塞俄比亚

查看章节

全部展开

完整性： 72%

1. 一般信息

2. SLM方法的描述

2.1 该方法的简要说明

It is FFW based participatory approach, by which the land users takes part in all stages of conservation planning, implementation evaluation.

2.2 该方法的详细说明

该方法的详细说明:

Aims / objectives: To achieve better SWC through promotion of participation, awareness creation and better organization and better plannin., To solve problems related to top down approach., Achive better quality works, Achieve better participation, Achieve better planning, implementation and evationation, There are different methods involved in the approach to mention some of them,- Approporicate Targeting, Wealth Ranking, - Vulnerablity Assessment and mapping. - Planning, - implementation, - monitoring, evaluation, The food insecter community members are participating in all stages of planning & implementation, - labour supply donor & government- provide farm implements provide training and food grains.

2.5 采用该方法的国家/地区/地点

国家:

埃塞俄比亚

区域/州/省:

SNNPR

2.6 该方法的开始和终止日期

注明开始年份:

1986

2.7 方法的类型

基于项目/方案

2.8 该方法的主要目的/目标

The Approach focused on SLM only

Facilitate better achievement of SWC through promotion of participation, awareness creation, better organization, trainining, skill up grading, better planning.

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: - Top down approach, - Poor participation, - Poor Integration, - Poor planning, - Low quality of conservation measures, - low level of awarness

2.9 推动或妨碍实施本办法所适用的技术的条件

社会/文化/宗教规范和价值观

阻碍

Low level of awareness, cultural taboos poor participation (specially for women)

Treatment through the SLM Approach: Awareness creation activities have been promoted using different methods.

财务资源和服务的可用性/可得性

阻碍

Budget constraints (for training & Retty cash)

Treatment through the SLM Approach: Partially solved by project fund allocation and through income generating activities

机构设置

阻碍

Office and staff shartage.

Treatment through the SLM Approach: Staff recutited by project and project office & wage house constructed

法律框架（土地使用权、土地和水使用权）

阻碍

An absence of agreed SWC policy

Treatment through the SLM Approach: Policy formulation is now on process

了解SLM，获得技术支持

阻碍

Shortage of skilled man power, poor skill of farmers.

Treatment through the SLM Approach: A number of technical training was given to staff and skill upgrading training for farmers.

3. 相关利益相关者的参与和角色

3.1 该方法涉及的利益相关者及其职责

当地土地使用者/当地社区

Working land users were mainly men (The conservation activities like bench terracess and ETC are considered heavy and laborious and mainly done by men whereas nursery activities are equally divided.)

In local tradition men is considered as hard worker and so laborious SWC works are mainly done by men. Tedious works like benchterracess and ridge basins and the likes are mainly done by men. Where as less tedious activities like pitting, potting and planting are done equally. Approach involved persons with very small lands & low casts through general LLPPA meeting.

国家政府（规划者、决策者）

Ministry of Agriculture

国际组织

WFP (World Food Programme of UN)

如果涉及多个利益相关者，请注明领导机构:

The international & national SWC specialists modified the minimum planning approach to LLPPA together.

3.2 当地土地使用者/当地社区参与该方法的不同阶段

	当地土地使用者/当地社区的参与	指定参与人员并描述活动
启动/动机	互动	Mainly:LLPPA; partly: public meetings
计划	互动
实施	外部支持	responsibility for minor steps
监测/评估	无
Research	无

3.4 有关SLM技术选择的决策

具体说明谁有权决定选择要实施的技术:

主要是土地使用者，由SLM专家提供支持

解释:

Decisions on the method of implementing the SLM Technology were made by mainly by land users supported by SLM specialists

4. 技术支持、能力建设和知识管理

4.1 能力建设/培训

是否为土地使用者/其他利益相关者提供培训？:

是

明确受训人员:

土地使用者

SWC specialists

培训形式:

在职
农民对农民

涵盖的主题:

Planning, skill upgrading, and technical training on SWC

4.2 咨询服务

土地使用者有权使用咨询服务吗？:

是

说明/注释:

1) Advisory service was carried out through: government's existing extension system; Extension staff: mainly government employees

In relation to SWC the Extension is weak and it is also crop biased.

4.3 机构强化（组织发展）

是否通过这种方法建立或加强了机构？:

是，适度

具体说明机构的强化或建立程度:

本地

具体说明支持类型:

财务
能力建设/培训
设备

4.4 监测和评估

监测和评估是该方法的一部分吗？:

是

注释:

bio-physical aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations

technical aspects were regular monitored through measurements

socio-cultural aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations

area treated aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations

no. of land users involved aspects were None monitored through measurements

There were several changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: As a result of M&E the quality of work improved, exotic SWC measures which fits the local condition incorporated.

5. 融资和外部物质支持

5.1 该方法中SLM组成部分的年度预算

注释（例如主要的资助来源/主要捐助者）:

Approach costs were met by the following donors: international (UN- WFP Ethiopia): 70.0%; government (national - SNNPR (Regional Government): 30.0%

5.2 为土地使用者提供财政/物质支援

土地使用者是否获得实施该技术的财政/物质支持？:

是

5.3 对特定投入的补贴（包括劳动力）

设备

具体说明哪些投入得到了补贴	程度如何	对补贴做出具体说明

工具	部分融资	Handtools

农业

具体说明哪些投入得到了补贴	程度如何	对补贴做出具体说明


Seedlings	部分融资

其它

其它（具体说明）	程度如何	对补贴做出具体说明
Field vehicle, instrument

如果土地使用者的劳动力是一项重要的投入，那么是不是:

以粮换工

注释:

Food for work grain is given as incentive.

5.4 信用

是否根据SLM活动的方法给予信用值？:

否

6. 影响分析和结论性陈述

6.1 方法的影响

该方法是否帮助土地使用者实施和维护SLM技术？:

否
是，很少
是，中等
是，支持力度很大

Modified the traditiional one to fit into modern ones.

该方法是否改善了阻碍SLM技术实施的土地使用权/用户权问题？:

否
是，很少
是，中等
是，支持力度很大

Did other land users / projects adopt the Approach?

否
是，很少
是，中等
是，支持力度很大

6.3 方法活动的可持续性

土地使用者能否维持通过该方法实施的措施（无外部支持的情况下）？:

不确定

若否或不确定，请具体说明并予以注释:

No comment

6.4 该方法的长处/优点

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
Better access to decision making (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: By empowering)
Skill upgrading (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: More training (Skill upgrading))
FFW incentive (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: It is farmers view as fame it is something that to be discouraged.)

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Participatory nature (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: by further empowering the local community)
Capacity building measures (efforts) (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: by giving more training skill upgrading.)
Awareness raising (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: by giving more training skill upgrading.)

6.5 该方法的弱点/缺点以及克服它们的方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
No comments

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
FFW orientation	Gradully decreasing the food aid by increasing productivity self help activities.