1.2 参与方法评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对方法进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Visayas State University (VSU) - 菲律宾

有助于对方法进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ) - 德国

有助于对方法进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Centre for Agricultural BioSciences International (CABI) - 英国

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

2.1 该方法的简要说明

Entertainment-education for ecological engineering involves a series of TV pro-grammes that educate rice farmers about ecosystem services, as well as ecologi-cal engineering techniques to conserve biodiversity in rice landscapes.

2.2 该方法的详细说明

该方法的详细说明:

Aims / objectives: A multi-stakeholder participatory process was adopted in formative research, then designing and developing a soap-opera series, launching the programme, followed by implementing on-the-ground support, and monitoring of progress. The stakeholders involved were from research, extension, a video production company and local government. To make sure the educational content was accurately and seamlessly woven into drama, the collaborating team was composed of technical experts and scriptwriters, nicknamed the ‘‘turtles and peacocks’’. Each 15-minute episode is composed of 3 parts: a short drama by comedians, an explanation by experts, and then a summary of the lesson portrayed in that particular episode.

Methods: The LEGATO TV series was produced by Viet Idea, a video company based in Ho Chi Minh City, and was broadcast on Long An TV (LA34) weekly for 20 weeks. The 18 episodes were based on the values grid that LEGATO scientists had developed. They covered a range of topics including organic matter decomposition, organisms and microorganisms, straw burning, rural habitats, the food chain, the architecture of traditional houses, the role of silicon in rice production, honey bees, plant health, eco-tourism and eco-engineering.

Stages of implementation: To popularize and enhance the viewership of the LEGATO Ecological Engineering TV series, a “Meet the Actors Day” was organized in Khanh Hau village, Tan An Town, Long An Province. The organisers comprised “Cong Nghe Xanh”, Long An TV (LA34), Y Tuong Viet (Idea Vietnam), and the Southern Regional Plant Protection Centre. The event was attended by the village People’s Committee Chair, farmers, Long An TV staff and plant protection officers. The “Meet the Actors” day is one of the elements in the entertainment-education approach. To track viewership and audience reactions to the TV series, four focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with 41 rice farmers in four villages in Long An province. A post-broadcast survey was carried out in January 2015 among 396 randomly selected rice farmers in Long An and Tien Giang Provinces.

Role of stakeholders: The role of the different stakeholders in the approach was as follows: 1) Farmers provided feedback on the relevance and usefulness of the TV episodes and sug-gested other topics; 2) Plant protection officers worked with TV episode scriptwriters and served as subject matter specialists to simplify the educational content of each episode; 3) Local plant protection experts provided the scientific explanation behind the topics tackled in the episodes; 4) Local government was represented by Dr Nguyen Van Khang, former Director of Agriculture in Tien Giang province who agreed to allocate a portion of the provincial pesticide budget into ecological engineering demonstrations as he required data to be generated locally. Since then, from 2010 to 2014, more demonstration fields were set up.

Other important information: Preliminary analyses showed no significant differences in farmers’ insecticide use, but significant differences were found in beliefs and positions about growing flowers, biocontrol, and silicon use. A follow-up farmer survey was conducted to further eval-uate the effects of the TV series on rice farmers in Tien Giang and Long An Provinces.

2.3 该方法的照片

2.5 采用该方法的国家/地区/地点

2.6 该方法的开始和终止日期

2.7 方法的类型

• 最近的本地倡议/创新

2.8 该方法的主要目的/目标

The Approach focused on SLM only (reducing insecticide use, restoring biodiversity in rice landscapes )

Improve farmers’ pest management, reduce their insecticide use and improve their land use to include conservation of biodiversity.

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: Lack of funds to support SLM; Unregulated pesticide marketing continues to negate the gains obtained by SLM.

2.9 推动或妨碍实施本办法所适用的技术的条件

3.1 该方法涉及的利益相关者及其职责

3.2 当地土地使用者/当地社区参与该方法的不同阶段

	当地土地使用者/当地社区的参与	指定参与人员并描述活动
启动/动机	被动	SLM promoters
计划	互动	All stakeholders
实施	自我动员	All stakeholders
监测/评估	自我动员	SLM promoters and local implementers
Research	互动	SLM promoters

3.3 流程图（如可用）

3.4 有关SLM技术选择的决策

具体说明谁有权决定选择要实施的技术:

• 主要是SLM专家，咨询土地使用者之后

解释:

A stakeholder consultation workshop was organized at the initial stage.

Decisions on the method of implementing the SLM Technology were made by mainly by SLM specialists with consultation of land users. Through stakeholder consultation and focus group discussions

4.1 能力建设/培训

是否为土地使用者/其他利益相关者提供培训？:

是

明确受训人员:

• 土地使用者
• 现场工作人员/顾问

培训形式:

• 在职
• 农民对农民
• 示范区域
• 公开会议

培训形式:

• Communication campaign

涵盖的主题:

Principles of ecological engineering and pest management

4.2 咨询服务

土地使用者有权使用咨询服务吗？:

是

• Consultation

4.3 机构强化（组织发展）

是否通过这种方法建立或加强了机构？:

• 否

4.4 监测和评估

监测和评估是该方法的一部分吗？:

是

注释:

socio-cultural aspects were regular monitored by land users through observations

socio-cultural aspects were regular monitored by land users through measurements

There were no changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation

There were no changes in the Technology as a result of monitoring and evaluation

4.5 研究

研究是该方法的一部分吗?

是

明确话题:

• 生态学

提供进一步的细节，并指出是谁做的研究:

Research was carried out on-farm

5.1 该方法中SLM组成部分的年度预算

如果不知道准确的年度预算，请给出一个范围:

• 10,000-100,000

注释（例如主要的资助来源/主要捐助者）:

Approach costs were met by the following donors: international (German Ministry of Education and Research, BMBF (70,000 USD)): 70.0%; government (30,000 USD): 30.0%

5.2 为土地使用者提供财政/物质支援

土地使用者是否获得实施该技术的财政/物质支持？:

是

5.3 对特定投入的补贴（包括劳动力）

• 农业

如果土地使用者的劳动力是一项重要的投入，那么是不是:

• 自愿

5.4 信用

是否根据SLM活动的方法给予信用值？:

否

6.1 方法的影响

6.2 土地使用者实施SLM的主要动机

6.3 方法活动的可持续性

土地使用者能否维持通过该方法实施的措施（无外部支持的情况下）？:

• 不确定

6.4 该方法的长处/优点

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
Our research partners find the use of Entertainment-Education an easy approach to implement as there is often a warm response from the audience - farmers, women's groups and local government officials.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会

The use of entertainment-education approach has been found to be highly successful in Vietnam. An evaluation survey of a radio drama program we launched in 2004, after completion of the program, showed that farmers who had listened to at least two episodes of the program reduced their insecticide sprays by 60%, their fertilizer and seed rates by 9% and 33% respectively (Heong et al., 2008). (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: It can be sustained if there is funding to support the activities.)

6.5 该方法的弱点/缺点以及克服它们的方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
The land users would rely on funding to be able to implement this approach as there is a cost in producing the TV series.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
An important challenge is the longer-term sustainability of the TV series. The challenge is to mainstream such programs into the TV station’s regular programming. To maintain a long TV series will require funding. A further threat to sustain the gains made by the TV series is “advertising piracy” where the TV series is being used to advertise new pesticides.

7.1 方法/信息来源

7.2 参考可用出版物

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Westpal, Catrin, Vidal, Stefan, Horgan, Finbarr G., Gurr, Geoff M., Escalada, Monina, Chien, Ho Van, Tscharntke, Teja, Heong, Kong Luen & Settele, Josef. (2015). Promoting multiple ecosystem services with flower strips and participatory approaches in rice production landscapes. Basic and Applied EcologyHeong, K.L., Escalada, M.M., Chien, H.V. and Cuong, L,Q. 2014. Restoration of rice landscape biodiversity by farmers in Vietnam through education and motivation using media. In G. Mainguy (ed) Special issue on large scale restoration of ecosystems. S.A.P.I.E.N.S (online) Vol 7 No. 2. http://sapiens.revues.org/1578. Electronic ISSN 1993-3819Heong, K.L., Escalada, M.M., Huan, N.H., Ky Ba, V.H., Quynh, P.V., Thiet, L.V. and Chien, H.V. 2008. Entertainment-Education and rice pest management: A radio soap opera in Vietnam. Crop Protection, 27: 1392-1397.

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

Basic and Applied EcologyG. Mainguy (ed) Special issue on large scale restoration of ecosystems. S.A.P.I.E.N.S (online) Vol 7 No. 2. http://sapiens.revues.org/1578. Electronic ISSN 1993-3819 Crop Protection, 27: 1392-1397.

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Heong, K.L., Escalada, M.M., Chien, H.V. and Cuong, L,Q. 2014. Restoration of rice landscape biodiversity by farmers in Vietnam through education and motivation using media. In G. Mainguy (ed) Special issue on large scale restoration of ecosystems. S.A.P.I.E.N.S (online) Vol 7 No. 2. http://sapiens.revues.org/1578. Electronic ISSN 1993-3819

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

G. Mainguy (ed) Special issue on large scale restoration of ecosystems. S.A.P.I.E.N.S (online) Vol 7 No. 2. http://sapiens.revues.org/1578. Electronic ISSN 1993-3819

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Heong, K.L., Escalada, M.M., Huan, N.H., Ky Ba, V.H., Quynh, P.V., Thiet, L.V. and Chien, H.V. 2008. Entertainment-Education and rice pest management: A radio soap opera in Vietnam. Crop Protection, 27: 1392-1397.

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

Crop Protection, 27: 1392-1397.