1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry, and Fisheries of Uganda (MAAIF) - 乌干达

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

（现场）数据是什么时候汇编的？:

18/04/2000

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Water borne manuring system involves runoff water driving the manure placed in trenches to every individual citrus tree which fruits through the year.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

The citrus orchard is sited on a gently sloping land. A cowshed is built on the upper part of the slopy land. When it rains the runoff removes the manure from the shed and the trenches to the orchard. This enables the citrus to fruit throught the year. A combination of water harvesting and soil fertility improvement, a process technically known as fertigation.

Purpose of the Technology: Water harvesting and soil fertility improvement for increased production and income.

Establishment / maintenance activities and inputs: After establishing the orchard several trenches are made leading to each citrus tree. The trenches are almost graded which enables the flow of runoff and manure by gravity. Additional manure is heaped at several points along the trenches. The trenches are regularly maintained.

Natural / human environment: The technology involves and is on a perrenial cropland. It is both structural and agronomical in nature, located in a semi-arid zone. Soil is sandy loam and on a very gentle slope.

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 50多年前（传统）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过项目/外部干预

注释（项目类型等）:

A farmer own intiative, continously modified as a result of exposure to other landuser and extension staff.

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产
• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化
• 创造有益的经济影响

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

注释:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): inadequate soil moisture due to recurrent drought, declining soil fertility

Major land use problems (land users’ perception): few structures to control runoff water and wind erosion.

3.3 有关土地利用的更多信息

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

每年的生长季节数:

• 2

具体说明:

Longest growing period in days: 100 Longest growing period from month to month: Mar - Jul Second longest growing period in days: 70 Second longest growing period from month to month: Aug - Nov

3.4 该技术所属的SLM组

• 土壤肥力综合管理
• 集水
• 灌溉管理（包括供水、排水）

3.5 技术传播

具体说明该技术的分布:

• 均匀地分布在一个区域

如果该技术均匀地分布在一个区域上，请注明覆盖的大致区域。:

• 1-10 平方千米

注释:

The SWC technology is applied by farmers scattered all over Asuret Subcounty

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

注释:

Main type of degradation addressed: Cn: fertility decline and reduced organic matter content

Secondary types of degradation addressed: Ha: aridification

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 减少土地退化

4.2 技术规范/技术图纸说明

Technical knowledge required for field staff / advisors: high

Technical knowledge required for land users: high

Main technical functions: sediment harvesting

Secondary technical functions: water spreading

Structural measure: supply trenches
Vertical interval between structures (m): 0.6
Depth of ditches/pits/dams (m): 0.6
Width of ditches/pits/dams (m): 1
Height of bunds/banks/others (m): 0.6
Width of bunds/banks/others (m): 0.6

Construction material (earth): hand dug trenches

Lateral gradient along the structure: 1.00%

4.3 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

Uganda shillings

注明美元与当地货币的汇率(如相关):1美元=:

1500.0

4.4 技术建立活动

	活动	措施类型	时间
1.	Trench digging	结构性的	Dry season

4.5 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Labour	ha	1.0	104.0	104.0	100.0
设备	Tools	ha	1.0	84.0	84.0	100.0
植物材料	Seedlings	ha	1.0	600.0	600.0	100.0
植物材料	Improved breeds	ha	1.0	1500.0	1500.0	100.0
技术建立所需总成本					2288.0

注释:

Duration of establishment phase: 12 month(s)

4.6 维护/经常性活动

	活动	措施类型	时间/频率
1.	Silt removal	结构性的	Wet season/each cropping season

4.7 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Labour	ha	1.0	24.0	24.0	100.0
肥料和杀菌剂	Fertilizer	ha	1.0	23.0	23.0	100.0
其它	Feeds	ha	1.0	13.0	13.0	100.0
技术维护所需总成本					60.0

4.8 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

Labour and farm inputs

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

关于地形的注释和进一步规范:

Altitudinal zone: 1001-1500 m a.s.l. (between 1066 - 1219m a.s.l.)

5.3 土壤

如有可能，附上完整的土壤描述或具体说明可用的信息，例如土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、阳离子交换能力、氮、盐度等。:

Soil fertility: Medium (ranked 1) and low (ranked 2)
Soil drainage/infiltration: Good (ranked 1) and medium (ranked 2)
Soil water storage capacity: medium (ranked 1) and high (ranked 2)

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

Population density: 50-100 persons/km2
Annual population growth: 0.5% - 1%
2% of the land users are rich and own 1% of the land.
4% of the land users are average wealthy and own 1% of the land.
14% of the land users are poor and own 8% of the land.
80% of the land users are poor and own 90% of the land.
Level of mechanization: Manual work (ranked 1, concentrated in small area and manual labour is very applicable), animal traction (ranked 2)

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者拥有或租用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 个人，未命名

土地使用权:

• 个人

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

其它社会经济效应

社会文化影响

生态影响

水循环/径流

土壤

生物多样性:植被、动物

减少气候和灾害风险

其它生态影响

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

6.5 技术采用

注释:

There is a moderate trend towards spontaneous adoption of the Technology

Comments on adoption trend: the technology are permanent and result oriented

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
receive advise from technical staff How can they be sustained / enhanced? get income to purchase improved inputs
access improved varieties and inputs. How can they be sustained / enhanced? employs labour
improve on reveue base
improve on his knowledge
pass experience to other

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
extension workers use farmers for passing technology How can they be sustained / enhanced? continous meeting with farmer innovators
there is room for reasearch How can they be sustained / enhanced? field visits to other FI and study tours
entry point for learning
makes extension agents became gender biased

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
expensive to maintain	introduce mechanisation
it is tedious

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
use of traditional materials	include conventional inputs
limited by rainfall	get other source of water

7.2 参考可用出版物

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Atlas of Uganda dept of lands and survey. 1967.

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

Entebbe Uganda

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Promoting farmer innovation project, Min of Agriculture, animal industry, and fisheries. 1997.

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

soil map of the world FAO. 1990.

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Soil of Eastern region of Uganda dept of lands and survey UGA.. 1964.