1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Gamo Gofa Zone Rural Development Department - 埃塞俄比亚

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

It is an integrated land husbandary practice aimed at improving farm productivity of a household through the sustainable land resources development

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

t involves the practicing of various farming practices in order to increase the productivity of land and improve the livelihoods.

Purpose of the Technology: it is a technology which can improve farm productivity interms of biomass, food, farmers income and prevent the area from land degradation.

Establishment / maintenance activities and inputs: Constructing of the required SWC measures and undertake vegetative panting

Natural / human environment: increase biomass, productivity increase per unit area, improve soil fertility, reduce soil erosion, improve soil moisture content.

2.3 技术照片

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 不到10年前（最近）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过项目/外部干预

注释（项目类型等）:

Developed in the country

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

注释:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): loss of topsoil, reduction of soil fertility, population and livestock pressure, free grazing

Major land use problems (land users’ perception): shortage of farm land and grazing land, low productivity of land

Type of cropping system and major crops comments: wheat-bean-sweet potato-maize-barely-beans

3.3 有关土地利用的更多信息

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

每年的生长季节数:

• 2

具体说明:

Longest growing period in days: 185 Longest growing period from month to month: Jun - Dec Second longest growing period in days: 150 Second longest growing period from month to month: Jan - May

3.4 该技术所属的SLM组

• 家庭花园

3.5 技术传播

注释:

Total area covered by the SLM Technology is 3 m2.

the technology area is increasing from time to time due to its economical benefits has brought the farming community

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

注释:

Main type of degradation addressed: Wt: loss of topsoil / surface erosion

Secondary types of degradation addressed: Wg: gully erosion / gullying, Cn: fertility decline and reduced organic matter content

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 减少土地退化
• 修复/恢复严重退化的土地

注释:

Main goals: mitigation / reduction of land degradation

Secondary goals: rehabilitation / reclamation of denuded land

4.2 技术规范/技术图纸说明

Technical knowledge required for field staff / advisors: high

Technical knowledge required for land users: moderate

Main technical functions: increase in soil fertility

Secondary technical functions: improvement of ground cover, increase in organic matter, improve feed and fodder source, change feeding habit

Mixed cropping / intercropping
Material/ species: maize and beans
Remarks: 50,000/60,000

Contour planting / strip cropping
Material/ species: maize, with legumes/sweet potato
Remarks: 5-10 meters of strip width

Green manure
Material/ species: lupin and vetch

Manure / compost / residues
Material/ species: leaves/manure/ash

Aligned: -contour
Vegetative material: G : grass
Vertical interval between rows / strips / blocks (m): 1-2m

Grass species: Desho, elephant grass

Slope (which determines the spacing indicated above): 12.00%

Bund/ bank: level
Vertical interval between structures (m): 1.3 m
Spacing between structures (m): 15
Depth of ditches/pits/dams (m): 0.5
Width of ditches/pits/dams (m): 0.6
Length of ditches/pits/dams (m): 50
Height of bunds/banks/others (m): 0.6
Width of bunds/banks/others (m): 0.5
Length of bunds/banks/others (m): 50

Bund/ bank: graded
Vertical interval between structures (m): 1.2 m
Spacing between structures (m): 14
Depth of ditches/pits/dams (m): 0.6
Width of ditches/pits/dams (m): 0.7
Length of ditches/pits/dams (m): 45
Height of bunds/banks/others (m): 0.65
Width of bunds/banks/others (m): 0.5
Length of bunds/banks/others (m): 45 m

Construction material (earth): excavate from the channel and fill between stone walls

Construction material (stone): stone is collected from the field

Construction material (wood): wood is used for the construction of check dams

Slope (which determines the spacing indicated above): 7%

If the original slope has changed as a result of the Technology, the slope today is: 5%

Lateral gradient along the structure: 0%

Vegetation is used for stabilisation of structures.

4.3 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

Birr

注明美元与当地货币的汇率(如相关):1美元=:

8.0

4.4 技术建立活动

	活动	措施类型	时间
1.	seedling raising	植物性的	on set of rain
2.	transplanting grass	植物性的	during rainy season
3.	weed and cultivation	植物性的	during rainy season
4.	surveying	结构性的	dry season
5.	Digging channel	结构性的	dry season
6.	bund construction	结构性的	dry season
7.	bund stablization with grasses	结构性的	rain season

4.5 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Labour	ha	1.0	220.0	220.0	48.0
设备	Tools	ha	1.0	45.0	45.0	50.0
植物材料	Seeds	ha	1.0	9.0	9.0
肥料和杀菌剂	Compost/manure	ha	1.0	68.0	68.0	100.0
施工材料	Stone	ha	1.0	4.0	4.0
施工材料	Sand	ha	1.0	1.5	1.5
施工材料	Cement	ha	1.0	3.0	3.0
其它	Others	ha	1.0	64.0	64.0
技术建立所需总成本					414.5

注释:

Duration of establishment phase: 12 month(s)

4.6 维护/经常性活动

	活动	措施类型	时间/频率
1.	tillage	农业学的	dry season / twice
2.	planting	农业学的	on set of rainfall / once
3.	compost application	农业学的	during planting / twice
4.	weeding	农业学的	rainy season / twice
5.	harvest	农业学的	end of season / once
6.	replanting of grass	植物性的	mid of the rainy season /once
7.	cleaning the channel	结构性的	before rains/annual
8.	maintenance of the broken part of the bund	结构性的	before & after rains/twice a year

4.7 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Labour	ha	1.0	31.0	31.0	100.0
技术维护所需总成本					31.0

注释:

Machinery/ tools: hoe, shovel, sickle, axe,

Some of the costs such as seedling planting, transportation and digging of pit is not included. A person can dig 75 pits/day and he can plant 50 seedlings/day

4.8 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

Market flactuation for industrial product, labour cost, uneven distribution of rainfall

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

5.3 土壤

如有可能，附上完整的土壤描述或具体说明可用的信息，例如土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、阳离子交换能力、氮、盐度等。:

Soil fertility is low
Soil drainage/infiltration is good
Soil water storage capacity is medium-high

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

Population density: 100-200 persons/km2
Annual population growth: 2% - 3%
55% of the land users are average wealthy and own 70% of the land.
45% of the land users are poor and own 30% of the land.
Off-farm income specification: land user who work on SWC activities have more income because of the incentive they obtain for participation.
Level of mechanization is manual work (hoe) and animal traction (oxen)

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者拥有或租用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 州

土地使用权:

• 个人

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

其它社会经济效应

社会文化影响

生态影响

水循环/径流

土壤

减少气候和灾害风险

其它生态影响

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

6.5 技术采用

如若可行，进行量化（住户数量和/或覆盖面积）:

2534

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发地采用该技术，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 90-100%

注释:

100% of land user families have adopted the Technology with external material support

362 land user families have adopted the Technology with external material support

Comments on acceptance with external material support: survey results

100% of land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material support

2172 land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material support

Comments on spontaneous adoption: survey results

There is a moderate trend towards spontaneous adoption of the Technology

Comments on adoption trend: the technology has immediate return

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
improved soil fertility How can they be sustained / enhanced? practicing more of fertility enhancing techniques that use locally available material
soil erosion is controlled How can they be sustained / enhanced? biological and physical SWC activities increased and maintained
increased household income How can they be sustained / enhanced? biological and physical SWC activities increased and maintained
availability of animal feed How can they be sustained / enhanced? planting grass and fodder plants

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
it is a practice serving as model showing on how to integrate different options of technologies How can they be sustained / enhanced? focusing on techniques which enhance production
it is implemented on individual household basis How can they be sustained / enhanced? through developing self-help activities
interest has been developed on funding agencies

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
labour consuming	group formation and participation of all members of the family
physical structures occupied more land	increase the productivity of land per unit area and use vegetative measures
high input demand	maximum use of locally available inputs

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
labour and time consuming	participate all family members
incentive dependant	give incentives only for the needy