1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

Scaling-up SLM practices by smallholder farmers (IFAD)

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

CDE Centre for Development and Environment (CDE Centre for Development and Environment) - 瑞士

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

（现场）数据是什么时候汇编的？:

11/05/2017

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 所述技术的可持续性声明

这里所描述的技术在土地退化方面是否存在问题，导致无法被认为是一种可持续的土地管理技术？:

否

注释:

Local breed goats housed in a goat shed produce manure for annual and perennial cropland.

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Local goat breeds housed in a shed to generate manure for annual and perennial cropland.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Small ruminants (goats) produce significant quantities of nutrient rich manure, which is useful for replenishing soil fertility for crop production. In Northern Uganda, this technology involves several goats, raised in a shade constructed often of wooden materials. An average shade covers about 10 m by 2.5 m, and raised up to 0.5 m off the ground to protect the ruminants from vermin such as snakes and rats, as well as rainwater flooding. The ground floor may be cemented so that the droppings are kept free from mixing with other pesticides and various chemicals used to control external parasites that may contaminate the manure. The droppings generated by the animals are collected from underneath the shade and heaped in a pit for composting. The pit is covered for about two weeks using a grass and soil or polythene paper. After this period, the compost manure is mature and is ready for application in the fields to increase production. Because this technology involves goats, it is relatively easier and cheaper to maintain than the case of cattle in terms of feeding and maintenance. Besides, it is more efficient in providing manure for soil fertility improvement since the droppings generated by the animals are collected from underneath the shade and heaped in a pit for composting and collected over time. Moreover, the demand for goat meat is often high, thus its price remains steadily high during the year. To be able to manage this technology and to achieve desired benefits, the farmer must keep in contact with the extension worker for veterinary services because goat diseases are rampant in the region and vary from simple skin ailments, diarrhoea to severe conditions causing, loss of weight, abortion and death. The most common infections include; Scours that are more common in young goats and dirty pens caused by bacteria, coccidia, worms or even showing the following signs; loss of appetite, diarrhoea (yellow to red discoloration), pasting of faeces under and around the tail, loss of weight and high temperature. Goats are well known for their strength and resilience to diseases. However, this does not necessarily mean that they are never affected. This often accounts for a substantial part of the cost of production.

2.3 技术照片

2.4 技术视频

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

注明实施年份:

2015

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 不到10年前（最近）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过土地使用者的创新

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产
• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化
• 保护生态系统
• 创造有益的经济影响

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

3.3 有关土地利用的更多信息

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

每年的生长季节数:

• 2

牲畜密度（如相关）:

20 goats and 16 sheep.

3.4 该技术所属的SLM组

• 农畜综合管理
• 土壤肥力综合管理

3.5 技术传播

具体说明该技术的分布:

• 适用于特定场所/集中在较小区域

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

注释:

M6 (composting)

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 防止土地退化
• 减少土地退化

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 技术规范/技术图纸说明

Approximately 2-2.5 m high, 10 m long and 2.5 m wide. Made by wooden materials with iron sheets on top.
Capacity: 40-70 ruminants.

4.3 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

具体说明成本和投入是如何计算的:

• 每个技术区域

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

UGX

注明美元与当地货币的汇率(如相关):1美元=:

3500.0

4.4 技术建立活动

	活动	措施类型	时间
1.	Drawing structural plan	结构性的	Once before establishment
2.	Purchasing and assembling material	管理	once before estabslishment
3.	Measuring and laying out plan/pitting	结构性的	Once during establishment
4.	Contsruction of the struture	结构性的	During establishment
5.	Manure collection and composting	管理	Routine

4.5 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Labour for construction on daily basis	persons	3.0	5000.0	15000.0	100.0
施工材料	poles	Pieces	20.0	3000.0	60000.0	100.0
施工材料	iron sheets	Pieces	5.0	20000.0	100000.0	100.0
施工材料	Nails	kgs	5.0	3000.0	15000.0	100.0
施工材料	wire mesh	kgs	20.0	50000.0	1000000.0	100.0
技术建立所需总成本					1190000.0

4.6 维护/经常性活动

	活动	措施类型	时间/频率
1.	Manure collection and composting	管理	daily
2.	Manure application to gardens	管理	monthly

4.7 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	labour on daily basis	persons	3.0	5000.0	15000.0	100.0
技术维护所需总成本					15000.0

注释:

All the costs are covered by the land user.

4.8 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

Labour takes most of the costs.

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

说明该技术是否专门应用于:

• 不相关

5.3 土壤

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

水的盐度有问题吗？:

否

该区域正在发生洪水吗？:

是

规律性:

偶然

5.5 生物多样性

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者拥有或租用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 个人，未命名

土地使用权:

• 个人

用水权:

• 社区（有组织）

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

生态影响

土壤

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性（土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害）

渐变气候

渐变气候

	季节	气候变化/极端天气的类型	该技术是如何应对的？
年降雨量		减少	适度

气候有关的极端情况（灾害）

生物灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
流行病	适度

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

注释:

Balanced at the time of establishment and positive within 1-2 years and more.

6.5 技术采用

• 单例/实验

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发地采用该技术，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 10-50%

6.6 适应

最近是否对该技术进行了修改以适应不断变化的条件？:

否

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
Relatively cheap because it uses locally available materials and labour.
Does not require expensive maintenance costs in terms of labour.
Special skills are required for management and maintenance. The land user can even use family labour.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Goats are on demand and income is guaranteed once the farmer has his ruminants ready for sale each goes to 100,000-200,000 UGX equivalent to 26.5- 57 Unites states dollars depending on the size.
Small ruminant manure is good at improving soil fertility and is nutritious and increase crop yields significantly.
Small ruminant requires medical/ veterinary attention which are readily available at sub-county level.

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Susceptible to thieves.	Provide security to guard against thieves.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
The technology is susceptible to diseases if not managed well. This may result to deaths.	Attend to the technology on a daily basis by cleaning the house shade and treating diseases.

7.1 信息的方法/来源