1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Earth embankment formed by digging a channel and pile the soil to form a ridge on which potato is planted.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Sweet potato ridge are constructed from the soil dug out of the furrow. Farmers make the furrow and ridge by dengora and a hoe. In some cases oxen scoop are used to move the soil and form the embankment. Sweet potato is planted by cuttings. It is often planted during the end of the main rainy season. There are different methods employed in making ridge and furrows. The furrows are meant to collect rain water and the cuttings of sweet potato planted on the ridge. The plant benefits from the soil water stored by the farrows. It has deep roots that go deep insearch of soil water. Water could also move up by capillary movement. Forming the ridges and basin is quite labours. The ridges are frequently made new and in some cases the former ridges and furrows are maintained. The technology suits to sub-humid and semi arid agro-ecological zones having sandy loam soils.

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 50多年前（传统）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 作为传统系统的一部分（> 50 年）

注释（项目类型等）:

Originated locally from long term experiences and improvments

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

同一土地单元内混合使用的土地：:

是

具体说明混合土地使用（作物/放牧/树木）:

• 农林业

农田

• 一年一作
• 乔木与灌木的种植

年作 - 具体指明作物:

• 谷物类 - 玉米
• 谷类 - 高粱
• 豆科牧草和豆类 - 其他
• 根/块茎作物 - 红薯、山药、芋头/椰子，其他

• Chat (khat, shrub)

• chat

每年的生长季节数:

• 1

具体说明:

Longest growing period in days: 21 0Longest growing period from month to month: May - Nov

森林/林地

树木类型:

• 金合欢树种

注释:

Major food crop annual cropping: Sorghum, sweet potato, maize, legumes
Major cash crop tree/shrub cropping: Chat, apple, mango
Trees/ shrubs species: some accacia trees

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): Soil mositure stress, erosion and over population.
Major land use problems (land users’ perception): Shortage of rains, lack of finance for purchasing improved seeds and fertilizers.
Type of cropping system and major crops comments: Sorghum-Sweet Potato-Maize-Legumes

3.4 供水

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

3.5 该技术所属的SLM组

• 集水
• 灌溉管理（包括供水、排水）
• 引水和排水

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

土壤水蚀

• Wt：表土流失/地表侵蚀

化学性土壤退化

• Cn：肥力下降和有机质含量下降（非侵蚀所致）

注释:

Main type of degradation addressed: Wt: loss of topsoil / surface erosion

Secondary types of degradation addressed: Cn: fertility decline and reduced organic matter content

Main causes of degradation: deforestation / removal of natural vegetation (incl. forest fires), overgrazing, poverty / wealth (lack of captial)

Secondary causes of degradation: over-exploitation of vegetation for domestic use, other human induced causes (specify) (agricultural causes), education, access to knowledge and support services (lack of knowledge)

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 防止土地退化
• 减少土地退化

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

技术规范（与技术图纸相关）:

Oromia

Technical knowledge required for field staff / advisors: moderate

Technical knowledge required for land users: moderate

Main technical functions: increase of infiltration, increase / maintain water stored in soil, water harvesting / increase water supply

Secondary technical functions: control of dispersed runoff: retain / trap, reduction of slope length, increase in soil fertility

Better crop cover
Material/ species: Sweet potato
Quantity/ density: 20000-2500
Remarks: along the contour

Mixed cropping / intercropping
Material/ species: maize, sorghum, chat
Remarks: row and broadcast

Contour planting / strip cropping
Material/ species: Sorghum, chat

Cover cropping
Material/ species: Sorghum, chat, maize

Green manure
Material/ species: Sweet potato

Aligned: -contour
Vegetative material: T : trees / shrubs, F : fruit trees / shrubs, C : perennial crops
Number of plants per (ha): 1500
Vertical interval between rows / strips / blocks (m): 0.2
Spacing between rows / strips / blocks (m): 2.5
Vertical interval within rows / strips / blocks (m): 2
Width within rows / strips / blocks (m): 2.5

Trees/ shrubs species: some accacia trees

Fruit trees / shrubs species: apple, mango

Perennial crops species: chat

Slope (which determines the spacing indicated above): 3.00%

If the original slope has changed as a result of the Technology, the slope today is (see figure below): 3.00%

Gradient along the rows / strips: 0.00%

Retention/infiltration ditch/pit, sediment/sand trap
Spacing between structures (m): 1.5-2
Depth of ditches/pits/dams (m): 0.2-0.5
Width of ditches/pits/dams (m): 0.5-1
Length of ditches/pits/dams (m): 50-70

Structural measure: Ridge and furrows
Spacing between structures (m): 2-3
Height of bunds/banks/others (m): 0.3-0.6
Width of bunds/banks/others (m): 0.51
Length of bunds/banks/others (m): 50-70

Construction material (earth): Soil dug is embanked to form the ridge

Slope (which determines the spacing indicated above): 3%

If the original slope has changed as a result of the Technology, the slope today is: 3%

Lateral gradient along the structure: 0%

For water harvesting: the ratio between the area where the harvested water is applied and the total area from which water is collected is: 1:1

4.2 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

Birr

如相关，注明美元与当地货币的汇率（例如1美元=79.9巴西雷亚尔）：1美元=:

8.6

4.3 技术建立活动

4.4 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

4.5 维护/经常性活动

4.6 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

注释:

Total labour expended to till the land, pulverize it, harrow and making of the ridges. The cost further include the monetary estimate of manuring the land and purchasing of the sweet potato cuttings, assuming these are purchased from market.

4.7 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

Soil dryness and texture-light soils are very simple for opration and the least cost is incurred. Loam soils are good soils with moderate cost of investment.

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

关于地形的注释和进一步规范:

Altitudinal zone: 1001-1500 m a.s.l. (ranked 1), 1501-2000 m a.s.l. (ranked 2) and 2001-2500 m a.s.l. (ranked 3)
Landforms: Also hill slopes (ranked 2)
Slopes on average: Also gentle (ranked 2) and moderate (ranked 3)

5.3 土壤

如有可能，附上完整的土壤描述或具体说明可用的信息，例如土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、阳离子交换能力、氮、盐度等。:

Soil depth on average: Also Deep and shallow (both ranked 2)
Soil fertility: Medium
Soil drainage/infiltration: Good (ranked 1) and medium (ranked 2)
Soil water storage capacity: Medium

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

Population density: 200-500 persons/km2
Annual population growth: 2% - 3%
25% of the land users are rich and own 30% of the land.
50% of the land users are average wealthy and own 50% of the land.
25% of the land users are poor and own 20% of the land.
Level of mechanization: Animal traction (sweet potato is mostly planted on level and gentle slopes and hence land preparation is made largely by oxen, ranked 1) and manual work (ranked 2)
Market orientation: Subsistence (ranked 1, most part consumed at home) and mixed (ranked 2, small portion of the sweet potato is sold at market)

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者使用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 州

土地使用权:

• 个人

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

社会文化影响

生态影响

水循环/径流

土壤

其它生态影响

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

6.5 技术采用

注释:

85% of land user families have adopted the Technology with external material support

100% of land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material support

There is a strong trend towards spontaneous adoption of the Technology

Comments on adoption trend: more farmers are practicing the technology

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

7.1 信息的方法/来源