1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

Establishing National Land Use and Land Degradation Profile toward Mainstreaming SLM Practices in Sector Policies (ENALULDEP/SLM)

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 所述技术的可持续性声明

这里所描述的技术在土地退化方面是否存在问题，导致无法被认为是一种可持续的土地管理技术？:

否

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Choi Jhal (Piper chaba), locally called morich lota is a creeping vine that is grown in homesteads of saline areas. It is adapted to soil salinity, grows under shade and is a very high value crop. It remains green throughout the year, reducing evapotranspiration from the soil and hence reduces capillary rise of salinity from shallow ground water.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Choi Jhal (Piper chaba), locally called morich lota is a creeping vine that is grown in homesteads of saline areas. It is adapted to soil salinity, grows under shade and is a very high value crop. It remains green throughout the year, reducing evapotranspiration from the soil and hence reduces capillary rise of salinity from shallow ground water. Choi Jhal locally called morich lota, is one of the most popular and unique spices in the south-western region of Bangladesh. It is a flowering vine grown in southern-western districts like Khulna and Satkhira. There are two types of choi found in these areas. One is a narrow vine (20 - 25 mm diameter) and the other is about 2. 5 - 5 cm in diameter. It creeps up to 8-10 meters when allowed to extend on ground. On the other hand it also climb up large trees like Mango (Mangifera indica), Jam (Syzygium cumini), Betel nut (Areca catechu), Coconut (Cocos nucifera) and Kafula (Lannea coromandelica), etc. Leaves and stems of the choi vine look like betel leafs (local name Paan; scientific name: Piper betle). Betel and choi are two species of the same family, Piperaceae. The leaves of choi are oval-shaped and about 5-6 cm long. The flowers are monoecious and blossom during the monsoon. The fruit looks similar to other varieties of long pepper, with an elongated shape that can grow up to 6 cm inches long. The fruit is red when ripe, and turns dark brown or black when dry. Chopped parts of the plant are cooked them with meat and fish, especially with mutton. The spicy pungent flavor of Choi Jhal is a year-round additive spice. In Thailand, P. chaba is known commonly as "Dee Plee”.
This technology was documented as one of the best practices that supports improved livelihoods of farmers who have no, or very little, cultivable land except their home yards. It is adapted to seasonal salinity in the dry season and waterlogging in monsoon. Pankhali is a village of Dacop Upazalia, Khulna where most of farmer practiced choi cultivation as their main income source. It is easy to propagate with cuttings of vines ideally of 50-75 cm with at least 4-5 nodes. Generally no chemical fertilizer is used for its cultivation, rather domestic waste or compost is used in ‘pits’ at the time of planting vine cuttings. The cuttings of vines are planted in April-May or November-December in relatively higher areas of the home gardens, with loamy soils. Choi is shade-loving. Approximately 2-2.5 ton/ha could be harvested after 5-6 years. It could be harvested after one year, but ideally it is better to harvest after 5 years. Farmers earn 1,000-1,500 BDT (US$1= 84 BDT) per kg from 5-year old choi. The mature roots are more valuable than the green vine. These days this product is marketed by many departmental stores of the city.
This expensive spice has great medicinal value, and tastes like pepper. It has been used to treat different kinds of diseases and it has a number of herbal uses, specially the antimicrobial and antioxidant active ingredients, Choi has 7% aromatic oil, 5% alkoloid and pepertin and in roots 13-15% peperin. The people of the area believe that it helps to remedy various diseases. One inch of choi can be used as medication for coughs. Its price depends on its thickness, and different thicknesses of Piper chaba taste different. Thicker ones are popular for its flesh and thinner ones for their spicy heat.
Commonly the twigs, stems or roots both fresh and dried forms are used in this area as a spice. Sometimes it is ground and used as an ingredient in a variety of sauces and pastes. It is a relatively expensive spice and the roots are usually more expensive than the stems because of their stronger aroma. It is mainly used as a taste enhancer. It makes the food spicier. It is also used in Jhalmori, Pickles, Halim and for making tasty soups.

2.3 技术照片

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 10-50年前

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过土地使用者的创新
• 作为传统系统的一部分（> 50 年）

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产
• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化
• 创造有益的经济影响

• cover crop when allowed to creep on ground

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

同一土地单元内混合使用的土地：:

否

3.3 由于技术的实施，土地使用是否发生了变化？

由于技术的实施，土地使用是否发生了变化？:

• 否（继续问题3.4）

3.4 供水

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 混合雨水灌溉

注释:

It may require occasional irrigation at the initial stage

3.5 该技术所属的SLM组

• 家庭花园

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 不适用

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

具体说明成本和投入是如何计算的:

• 每个技术区域

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

BDT

如相关，注明美元与当地货币的汇率（例如1美元=79.9巴西雷亚尔）：1美元=:

84.95

4.3 技术建立活动

	活动	时间（季度）
1.	Bed or PIT preparation	April-May, Nov-Dec
2.	Planting	April-May, Nov-Dec

4.4 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Labour	1	4.0	500.0	2000.0	100.0
植物材料	Cuttings/ vine of Choi (Own produce)	1	20.0	10.0	200.0
肥料和杀菌剂	Compost (Own)	LS	1.0	50.0	50.0
技术建立所需总成本					2250.0
技术建立总成本，美元					26.49

如果您无法分解上表中的成本，请估算建立该技术所需要的总成本。:

2250.0

如果土地使用者负担的费用少于100%，请注明由谁负担其余费用:

100%

4.5 维护/经常性活动

	活动	时间/频率
1.	Watch and ward	as necessary

4.6 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

如果您无法分解上表中的成本，请估算维护该技术所需要的总成本。:

500.0

如果土地使用者负担的费用少于100%，请注明由谁负担其余费用:

100%

注释:

It is very easy to maintain. Only to look after the crop while creeping.

4.7 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

not applicable

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

说明该技术是否专门应用于:

• 不相关

5.3 土壤

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

水的盐度有问题吗？:

是

该区域正在发生洪水吗？:

否

5.5 生物多样性

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者使用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 个人，有命名

土地使用权:

• 自由进入（无组织）
• 个人

用水权:

• 自由进入（无组织）

土地使用权是否基于传统的法律制度？:

是

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

收入和成本

其它社会经济效应

对现场影响的评估（测量）进行具体说明:

Not applicable

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

对场外影响（测量）的评估进行具体说明:

Not applicable

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性（土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害）

注释:

Not applicable

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

6.5 技术采用

• > 50%

如若可行，进行量化（住户数量和/或覆盖面积）:

Many of the homesteads already used to growing choi jahl

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发的，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 91-100%

6.6 适应

最近是否对该技术进行了修改以适应不断变化的条件？:

是

其它（具体说明）:

At present nursery has been emerging to market saplings of choi jhalet

具体说明技术的适应性（设计、材料/品种等）:

Nursery has been developed

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
Can earn cash money
Can use for own family
Can be grown in small area in homesteads
Almost all parts of the Choi Jhal are edible

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Easy to propagate
No use of chemical fertilizer
Marketing of the crop increased
Added menu of restaurants bigger cities

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Fungus infection at early stage	Use of anti fungus

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Confined in Khulna division	Extension message could be developed
Preservation of green Choi	Harvesting matured parts or has to be market quickly.

7.1 信息的方法/来源

7.3 链接到网络上的相关信息

标题/说明:

Choi Jhal: The culinary fire of Bengal

URL:

https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/nation/2020/01/09/choi-jhal-the-culinary-fire-of-bengal

标题/说明:

Chui Jhal is a traditional Khulna's spice that brings water to the tongue

URL:

https://www.orchidshade.com/2020/09/chui-jhal-is-traditional-khulna-spice.html

标题/说明:

Piper chaba

URL:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piper_chaba

7.4 一般注释

The crop can be grown in small home gardens especially on higher ground. It is adapted to soil salinity, grows under shade and is a very high value crop. It remains green throughout the year, reducing evapotranspiration from the soil and hence reduces capillary rise of salinity from shallow ground water.