1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Ethiopia (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development) - 埃塞俄比亚

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

A waterway is an artficial drainage channel constructed along the steepest slope to receive runoff from cutoff drains and graded structures and drain to the natural waterway safely.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

A vegetative waterway is constructed in areas where stone is not available and in gentle slopes. Paved waterways are suitable in steeper terrains and areas with large amount of stones. The waterway carries excess water to the river, reservoirs or gullies safely with out creating erosion. It is applicable in all areas where excess water is generated when high rains are received which are beyound the intake capacity of soils. The excess water then will have to be disposed sefely to natural outlets. Waterways are established a year or two before cutoff drains and field structures are constructed. Vegetative waterways are formed by digging earth channel across the contour in the direction of flow. After making the channel suitable grass species are planted or are made to establish naturally. Maintenance is very vital in waterways. Breaks in channel or embankments, moving of silt deposited or keeping the grass shorter in order that it does not obstract flow. Vegetative waterways could be stablized by planting short growing grasses, sodding or letting natural growth.

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 50多年前（传统）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过项目/外部干预

注释（项目类型等）:

introduced and farmers experience

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

同一土地单元内混合使用的土地：:

是

具体说明混合土地使用（作物/放牧/树木）:

• 农林牧业

注释:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): soil erosion, flooding, decline of production and productivity.

Major land use problems (land users’ perception): soil erosion, shortage of feed and fodder, low productivity.

3.4 供水

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

3.5 该技术所属的SLM组

• 横坡措施
• 地表水管理（泉、河、湖、海）

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

注释:

Main measures: vegetative measures, structural measures

Type of agronomic measures: early planting

Type of vegetative measures: aligned: -graded strips *³

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

注释:

Main type of degradation addressed: Wg: gully erosion / gullying

Secondary types of degradation addressed: Wg: gully erosion / gullying

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 减少土地退化

注释:

Secondary goals: prevention of land degradation, rehabilitation / reclamation of denuded land

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

Birr

如相关，注明美元与当地货币的汇率（例如1美元=79.9巴西雷亚尔）：1美元=:

8.6

4.3 技术建立活动

	活动	时间（季度）
1.	determine the drainage area	dry season
2.	excavate and pile the soil on one or both side	dry season
3.	sods-local grass	dry season
4.	excavation and stone paving	dry season
5.	stone check	dry season

4.5 维护/经常性活动

	活动	时间/频率
1.	Collecting planting materials	beginning of rainy season /
2.	Planting on pits	rainy season /
3.	resod-local grass	after rain /once
4.	repairing the broken part	after ran/once
5.	Collection of stones	dry season / annual
6.	Planting grass	during rains / annual

4.7 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

stone availability, finance, topography

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

关于地形的注释和进一步规范:

Altitudinal zone: Ranges between 1500-4033 m a.s.l.
Landforms: Mountain slopes (ranked 1), ridges (ranked 2) and plateau/plains as well as hill slopes (both ranked 3)
Slopes on average: Hilly (ranked 1), rolling (ranked 2) and steep (ranked 3)

5.3 土壤

如有可能，附上完整的土壤描述或具体说明可用的信息，例如土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、阳离子交换能力、氮、盐度等。:

Soil depth on average: Very shallow (ranked 1), shallow (ranked 2) and moderately deep (ranked 3)
Soil texture: Fine/heavy ( on the top/surface, ranked 1) also medium (at depth , ranked 2) and coarse/light (ranked 3)
Soil fertility is low (ranked 1), medium (ranked 2) and high (ranked 3)
Soil drainage/infiltration is good (ranked 1), medium (ranked 2) and poor (ranked 3)
Soil water storage capacity is low (ranked 1), medium (ranked 2) and high (ranked 3)

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

Population density: 200-500 persons/km2

Annual population growth: 2% - 3%

40% of the land users are poor and own 20% of the land.
60% of the land users are poor and own 30% of the land.
Level of mechanization is animal traction (ranked 1) and manual labour (ranked 2)
Market orientation of production system: Also mixed (subsistence/ commercial)

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者使用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 州

土地使用权:

• 个人

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

社会文化影响

生态影响

水循环/径流

土壤

其它生态影响

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

6.5 技术采用

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发的，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 91-100%

注释:

5 land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material support

Comments on spontaneous adoption: estimates

There is a moderate trend towards spontaneous adoption of the Technology

Comments on adoption trend: Waterways require high labour and material, which a poor farmer can not have. Moreover, the land taken by the measures will be prohibitive to be practiced by a smallholder farmers.

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
due to increased benefit obtained by the community and awarness created How can they be sustained / enhanced? better/proper followup, maintenance, monitoring and evalution, expansion of the technology. Establish bylaws,regulations to protect assetes created.
increased fodder production How can they be sustained / enhanced? provision of suitable planted material.

7.1 信息的方法/来源