1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Universidad de Valencia (Universidad de Valencia) - 西班牙

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

（现场）数据是什么时候汇编的？:

24/03/2015

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 所述技术的可持续性声明

这里所描述的技术在土地退化方面是否存在问题，导致无法被认为是一种可持续的土地管理技术？:

否

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

The most commonly identified feature of no-tillage is that as much as possible of the surface residue from the previous crop and annual grasses are left intact on the surface of the ground, whether this be the flattened or standing stubble of an arable crop that has been harvested or a sprayed dense sward of grass.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

In Vineyard area from Valencia (south-east Spain), the research team of the University of Valencia set up an experiment in order to test the effectiveness of non-tillage in order to keep high soil moisture levels and decrease soil water erosion.

Purpose of the Technology: The increase in ground cover that keep intact the soil structure, enhances soil superficial properties and improve water infiltration and reduces runoff and soil losses.

Establishment / maintenance activities and inputs: No-tillage. Clearing annual grasses twice per year on peak growing season.

Natural / human environment: The landscape reflects the long history of management where several constructions related with wine production depicted its importance on this region. Since the late 1960´s, chemical agriculture by use of fertilizers and herbicides, and new vineyards plantations seasonally leave the soil surface bare, triggering huge erosion rates.

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

注释:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): Increased runoff and soil erosion, resulting in a decrease of on-site fertility, water storage, and 'weakness' of hydrological soil properties.

Major land use problems (land users’ perception): Loss of soil water resources and productivity.

Natural / human environment: The landscape reflects the long history of management where several constructions related with wine production depicted its importance on this region. Since the late 1960´s, chemical agriculture by use of fertilizers and herbicides, and new vineyards plantations seasonally leave the soil surface bare, triggering huge erosion rates.

如果由于技术的实施而导致土地用途发生变化，则在技术实施前说明土地利的用途。:

Purpose of the Technology: The increase in ground cover that keep intact the soil structure, enhances soil superficial properties and improve water infiltration and reduces runoff and soil losses.

Change of land use practices / intensity level: The non-tillage implies a change of land use practices. Soil structure won't be broken and soil biopores keep connected

3.3 有关土地利用的更多信息

注释:

Water supply: rainfed, mixed rainfed - irrigated

具体说明:

Longest growing period in days: 180 Longest growing period from month to month: february to july

3.4 该技术所属的SLM组

• 横坡措施

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

注释:

Main measures: vegetative measures, management measures

Type of agronomic measures: retaining more vegetation cover, mulching, zero tillage / no-till

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

注释:

Main causes of degradation: soil management, Heavy / extreme rainfall (intensity/amounts)

Secondary causes of degradation: crop management (annual, perennial, tree/shrub), deforestation / removal of natural vegetation (incl. forest fires), over-exploitation of vegetation for domestic use, overgrazing, industrial activities and mining, urbanisation and infrastructure development, discharges (point contamination of water), release of airborne pollutants (urban/industry…), disturbance of water cycle (infiltration / runoff), over abstraction / excessive withdrawal of water (for irrigation, industry, etc.), change in temperature, change of seasonal rainfall, wind storms / dust storms, floods, droughts, population pressure, land tenure, poverty / wealth, labour availability, inputs and infrastructure: (roads, markets, distribution of water points, other, …), education, access to knowledge and support services, war and conflicts, governance / institutional

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 防止土地退化

注释:

Main goals: prevention of land degradation

Secondary goals: mitigation / reduction of land degradation, rehabilitation / reclamation of denuded land

4.2 技术规范/技术图纸说明

Main technical functions: improvement of ground cover, increase of surface roughness, increase in organic matter, increase of infiltration, increase / maintain water stored in soil, sediment retention / trapping, sediment harvesting

Secondary technical functions: control of raindrop splash, control of dispersed runoff: retain / trap, control of dispersed runoff: impede / retard, control of concentrated runoff: retain / trap, control of concentrated runoff: impede / retard, control of concentrated runoff: drain / divert, reduction of slope angle, reduction of slope length, improvement of surface structure (crusting, sealing), improvement of topsoil structure (compaction), improvement of subsoil structure (hardpan), stabilisation of soil (eg by tree roots against land slides), increase in nutrient availability (supply, recycling,…), increase of groundwater level / recharge of groundwater, water harvesting / increase water supply, water spreading, improvement of water quality, buffering / filtering water, reduction in wind speed, increase of biomass (quantity), promotion of vegetation species and varieties (quality, eg palatable fodder), control of fires, reduction of dry material (fuel for wildfires), spatial arrangement and diversification of land use

Retaining more vegetation cover
Material/ species: non-tillage keep annual grasses cover

Mulching
Material/ species: non-tillage and clearing keep soil covered

Change of land use practices / intensity level: The non-tillage implies a change of land use practices. Soil structure won't be broken and soil biopores keep connected

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

关于地形的注释和进一步规范:

Landforms: Also valley floors
Altitudinal zones: 500 meters above sea level

5.3 土壤

如有可能，附上完整的土壤描述或具体说明可用的信息，例如土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、阳离子交换能力、氮、盐度等。:

Soil fertility is medium
Soil drainage/infiltration is medium
Soil water storage capacity is medium

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

5.5 生物多样性

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者拥有或租用的平均土地面积

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

收入和成本

社会文化影响

生态影响

水循环/径流

土壤

生物多样性:植被、动物

减少气候和灾害风险

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性（土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害）

渐变气候

渐变气候

	季节	气候变化/极端天气的类型	该技术是如何应对的？
年温度		增加	未知

气候有关的极端情况（灾害）

气象灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
局地暴雨	好
局地风暴	不好

气候灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
干旱	不好

水文灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
比较和缓的（河道）洪水	未知

其他气候相关的后果

其他气候相关的后果

	该技术是如何应对的？
缩短生长期	未知

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
It decreases labour cost and use of machinery.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
It is a technology easy to apply. Non-tillage implies an improvement of soil structure and soil biopores connection which is reflectected in a strong soil erosion control.