1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.5 参考关于SLM方法（使用WOCAT记录的SLM方法）的调查问卷

Project (LLPPA) [埃塞俄比亚]

It is a local level participatory planning approach.

• 编制者： Philippe Zahner
• 01/21/2009 midnight

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Closure of degraded land is made on land that has lost vegetation cover, has low soil fertility . To speed up the regeneration process applying some SWC activities and enrichment plantation will be necessary.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

The degraded land is closed from human and animal interfrances for at least 3-5 years. Inorder to enhance the rehabilitation rate of the degraded land SWC activities, such as terracing, enrichment plantation and oversowing of grass species is considered. These practices enhances growth of natural vegetation and enriches biodiversity.

2.3 技术照片

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

国家:

埃塞俄比亚

区域/州/省:

Tigray

有关地点的进一步说明:

Ahferom

具体说明该技术的分布:

• 均匀地分布在一个区域

如果不知道精确的区域，请注明大致覆盖的区域:

• 10-100 平方千米

注释:

Total area covered by the SLM Technology is 54.6 km2.

The bush land are closed and in some areas SWC activities were made and enrichment plantation has been done.

Map

×

2.6 实施日期

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 50多年前（传统）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过项目/外部干预

注释（项目类型等）:

From churches and other religious areas

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

农田

• 一年一作
• 多年一作（非木材）
• 乔木与灌木的种植

• Rhodes grass, local grasses

• Acacia saligna, grevellia, schinesmolle

每年的生长季节数:

• 1

具体说明:

Longest growing period in days: 180Longest growing period from month to month: May - Oct

牧场

• free grazing

森林/林地

产品和服务:

• 木材
• 水果和坚果
• 其它森林产品
• 自然保持/保护

注释:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): Soil erosion, deforestation, degradation, loss of biodiversity, reduction in land productivity

Major land use problems (land users’ perception): Low productivity and decline of soil fertility.

Other grazingland: free grazing

Other type of forest: area rehabilitation: lack of awarness

Problems / comments regarding forest use: In the closed forests enrichment plantation is undertaken. Individual woodlots are planted at homesteads. Currently individuals considered land less, poor and women are given land from the hillsides to plant and enclose them. The purpose is to enable individuals to generate income from it.

3.4 供水

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

注释:

Water supply: Also mixed rainfed - irrigated

3.5 该技术所属的SLM组

• 区域封闭（停止使用，支持恢复）

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

土壤水蚀

• Wt：表土流失/地表侵蚀
• Wg：冲沟侵蚀/沟蚀

化学性土壤退化

• Cn：肥力下降和有机质含量下降（非侵蚀所致）

物理性土壤退化

• Pu：由于其他活动而导致生物生产功能的丧失

水质恶化

• Ha：干旱化

注释:

Main type of degradation addressed: Wt: loss of topsoil / surface erosion, Wg: gully erosion / gullying

Secondary types of degradation addressed: Cn: fertility decline and reduced organic matter content, Pu: loss of bio-productive function due to other activities, Ha: aridification

Main causes of degradation: over-exploitation of vegetation for domestic use (wood cutting), overgrazing (trampling, degraded cover-plant), education, access to knowledge and support services (lack of knowledge)

Secondary causes of degradation: other human induced causes (specify) (agricultural causes), Heavy / extreme rainfall (intensity/amounts) (heavy rainfalls), poverty / wealth (lack of captial), land policy

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 防止土地退化
• 减少土地退化

注释:

Also: rehabilitation / reclamation of denuded land

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

Birr

如相关，注明美元与当地货币的汇率（例如1美元=79.9巴西雷亚尔）：1美元=:

8.0

4.3 技术建立活动

4.4 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

注释:

Duration of establishment phase: 120 month(s)

4.5 维护/经常性活动

4.6 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

注释:

length of structure, site guard/ha, number of seedlings

4.7 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

labour, slope

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

关于地形的注释和进一步规范:

Altitudinal zone: 1000-2500 m a.s.l.
Landforms: Also plateua/plains and hill slopes
Slopes on avereage: Also moderate and steep

5.3 土壤

如有可能，附上完整的土壤描述或具体说明可用的信息，例如土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、阳离子交换能力、氮、盐度等。:

Soil depth on average: Also moderately deep, deep and very shallow
Soil texture also coarse/light and fine/heavy
Soil fertility is low-medium
Soil drainage/infiltration is medium-good
Soil water storage capacity is low-medium

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

Population density: 200-500 persons/km2

Annual population growth: 3% - 4%

70% of the land users are average wealthy and own 70% of the land.
25% of the land users are poor and own 25% of the land.
5% of the land users are poor and own 5% of the land.

Off-farm income specification: Food for work

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者使用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 州

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

社会文化影响

生态影响

土壤

生物多样性:植被、动物

减少气候和灾害风险

其它生态影响

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

6.5 技术采用

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发的，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 0-10%

注释:

100% of land user families have adopted the Technology with external material support

180000 land user families have adopted the Technology with external material support

Comments on acceptance with external material support: estimates

There is a moderate trend towards spontaneous adoption of the Technology

Comments on adoption trend: because the benefits obtained are convincing and many land usrs want to practice it either individually, in groups or at a community level.

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

7.1 信息的方法/来源

7.2 参考可用出版物

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Meret