1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Agricultural Research and Extension Authority (AREA) - 也门

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

General Directorate of Irrigation - 也门

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.5 参考关于SLM方法（使用WOCAT记录的SLM方法）的调查问卷

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

The stone existed in the region are used for building diversion constructions to raise the level of wadi bed to the level of the inlet of the cultivated land that need to be irrigated from water harvesting in addition to distribution channels in the fields

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Diversion construction (DC) technology is one the structural solutions using stones with slope and tan 30 to slow the water flow and to deposits the carried materials with water to allow water to pass throw the inlet (gate) to the fields that need to be irrigated without damaged mainly vines and qat crops. The site of DC must be built in direction of water flow to direct it to pass to the fields need to be irrigated to get a benefit from this water harvested the height of the DC should be equalled to the height of the cultivated land which ranges between 2-4 meter and the width is 1.5 meter and the length is ranged between 40-60 meter based on the width of wadi bed. The DC should not built totally in one time but should be gradually and by the time as a result of deposit be come at the same level of fields need to irrigated. Finally when the height of DC become equally to level of the field need to irrigated the gate should be determined according to water requirement of cultivated crops. After that distribution channels should built at 1-2 wide, 0.5- 0.8 height and 10-100 length. Such as this type of technology is considered a long term process in the past due to lack of equipments and implements. However now it can be done in short time if all requirement provided especially funds and equipments.

2.3 技术照片

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 50多年前（传统）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 作为传统系统的一部分（> 50 年）

注释（项目类型等）:

It is a very ancient technology but was rehabilitated in 1956 by the community

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

注释:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): Low productivity due to a lack of water (drought)

Major land use problems (land users’ perception): drought

Future (final) land use (after implementation of SLM Technology): Cropland: Ct: Tree and shrub cropping

3.3 由于技术的实施，土地使用是否发生了变化？

注释:

Future (final) land use (after implementation of SLM Technology): Cropland: Ct: Tree and shrub cropping

3.4 供水

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

注释:

Water supply: Also mixed rainfed - irrigated and post-flooding

3.5 该技术所属的SLM组

• 横坡措施
• 引水和排水

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

注释:

Specification of other structural measures: Diversion construction with gates and distribution channels

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

注释:

Secondary types of degradation addressed: Cn: fertility decline and reduced organic matter content

Main causes of degradation: floods, droughts, poverty / wealth (poverty)

Secondary causes of degradation: crop management (annual, perennial, tree/shrub) (up takes of major elements of fertility without subsistent)

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 减少土地退化
• 修复/恢复严重退化的土地

注释:

Secondary goals: mitigation / reduction of land degradation

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

具体说明成本计算所用货币:

• 美元

4.3 技术建立活动

	活动	时间（季度）
1.	Collecting stones and building barriers with gates	Before the rainy season
2.	Building channels	Before the rainy season

4.4 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Collecting stones and building barriers with gates	persons/day/barrier	225.0	7.0	1575.0	100.0
劳动力	Building channels	persons/day/barrier	7.0	7.0	49.0	100.0
设备	Animal traction	barrier	1.0	46.5	46.5	100.0
设备	Tools	barrier	1.0	46.5	46.5	100.0
设备	Animal traction for channel building	barrier	1.0	16.3	16.3	100.0
技术建立所需总成本					1733.3
技术建立总成本，美元					1733.3

注释:

Duration of establishment phase: 3 month(s)

4.5 维护/经常性活动

	活动	时间/频率
1.	Repair diversion construction and gates	annually after the rainy season
2.	Clean channels	annually after the rainy season

4.6 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Repair diversion construction and gates	persons/day/unit	13.0	7.0	91.0	100.0
劳动力	Clean channels	persons/day/unit	2.0	7.0	14.0	100.0
技术维护所需总成本					105.0
技术维护总成本，美元					105.0

注释:

Machinery/ tools: big hammers, shovel, soil leveller

Costs were calculated according to the current situation, for the barrier with a gate length of 60 meters and a height of 2 meters, and for the channels with an average length of 50 meters and a width of 1 meter.
With regard to maintenance has been developed a lump sum annually where maintenance was done at the current time using modern equipment and as a result of no collapse charges barriers and accessories in most years has been estimated annual sum for the purpose of maintenance in the event of any damage

4.7 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

- Transportation and gradient
- difficult roads
- cutting stones

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

关于地形的注释和进一步规范:

Altitudinal zone: 2400 m a.s.l.

5.3 土壤

如有可能，附上完整的土壤描述或具体说明可用的信息，例如土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、阳离子交换能力、氮、盐度等。:

Soil texture: Flood deposits

Topsoil organic matter: After falling vines leaves and grasses

Soil fertility is low - medium (output of the flood deposits)

Soil drainage / infiltration is medium - good

Soil water storage capacity is medium - high

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

关于水质和水量的注释和进一步规范:

Ground water table: 400 m

5.5 生物多样性

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

Land users applying the Technology are mainly common / average land users

Difference in the involvement of women and men: Women could not do the hard work, therefore, men work on the farm and women do the house works.

Population density: > 500 persons/km2

Annual population growth: 3% - 4%

70% of the land users are average wealthy and own 90% of the land (moderate income).
30% of the land users are poor and own 10% of the land.

Level of mechanization: Also small tractors are used

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者使用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 个人，有命名

土地使用权:

• 个人

用水权:

• 社区（有组织）

注释:

There are three types of land ownership owned, Waqf, and a share at 70%, 20%, 10% respectively.

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

水资源可用性和质量

收入和成本

社会文化影响

生态影响

水循环/径流

土壤

生物多样性:植被、动物

减少气候和灾害风险

其它生态影响

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性（土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害）

渐变气候

渐变气候

	季节	增加或减少	该技术是如何应对的？
年温度		增加	好

气候有关的极端情况（灾害）

气象灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
局地暴雨	好

水文灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
比较和缓的（河道）洪水	不好

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

6.5 技术采用

• > 50%

如若可行，进行量化（住户数量和/或覆盖面积）:

537 households covering 100 percent of the stated area

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发的，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 91-100%

注释:

537 land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material support

There is a moderate trend towards spontaneous adoption of the Technology

Comments on adoption trend: The technology is applied in the whole region, but the lack of capital is an obstacle for continuing conservation operations

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Harvesting flood waters How can they be sustained / enhanced? Continue maintenance operations
Reduction of the runoff speed How can they be sustained / enhanced? Continue maintenance operations or introduce cement materials in the construction process to increase the ability to withstand various conditions
Distribution of water on a regular basis How can they be sustained / enhanced? Maintenance of channels to ensure sustainability

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
buried sediment distribution channels	lining channels for easy cleaning process
Construction costs and labour requirements are high	use modern equipment in the construction and maintenance processes
you need time for implementation	Use of modern equipment
Severe floodings can demolish barriers and gates	Use of cement materials

7.1 信息的方法/来源

7.2 参考可用出版物

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Report of traditional knowledge and customs (sallam, et al, 2008)General Census of Population, Housing and Establishment (Census, 2004). Guide of agricultural climate in Yemen (Al Khorasani, 2005).

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

Agricultural Research and Extension Authority, AREACentral Bureau of StatisticsAgricultural Research and Extension Authority, AREA