1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

Scaling-up SLM practices by smallholder farmers (IFAD)

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Uganda Landcare Network (ULN) - 乌干达

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

（现场）数据是什么时候汇编的？:

27/4/2017

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 所述技术的可持续性声明

这里所描述的技术在土地退化方面是否存在问题，导致无法被认为是一种可持续的土地管理技术？:

否

注释:

The technology is established during the dry season to guard against spread of fire within a tree or garden plantation for environmental conservation

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Fire lines are established at the boundary between tree plantations to guard against wild forest fires that destroy the valuable tree species

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Firelines, also known as firebreaks, are vegetation-free spaces, established within or between tree plantations. They also often serve as roads for motorised transport used to collect forest produce such as firewood and timber. The primary aim of this technology is to prevent wild fires from attacking and destroying trees, especially during the dry seasons. In northern Uganda, the technology is based on firelines of 5-6 meters width. Planted forests that use this technology in northern Uganda have an average size of 30 m by 120 m.
The establishment of this technology requires professional advice, starting with demarcation, using ropes or strings, and tools such as hand hoes, machetes and slashers. Maintenance of fire lines involves monitoring to ensure that the spaces are free of vegetation and dead wood. Sometimes, big trees with large canopies are maintained to discourage vegetation undergrowth's and accumulation of dead materials on forest floors.
The benefits derived from this SLM technology are both short and long term, including protection of valuable tree species from being affected by the fire, reduction of impact of air pollution and promotion of ecological balance. When professionally done, the value of these products can significantly offset the cost of maintaining the firebreaks in a given forest setting, especially where such fires become common. It is important to note that fire lines alone may not be a measure to prevent fire outbreaks. There could be need for community bylaws and fire fighting facilities to supplement this effort.

2.3 技术照片

2.4 技术视频

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

注明实施年份:

2011

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过土地使用者的创新
• 通过项目/外部干预

注释（项目类型等）:

Supported by National Advisory Services (NAADS)

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化
• 保持/提高生物多样性
• 创造有益的经济影响

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

如果由于技术的实施而导致土地用途发生变化，则在技术实施前说明土地利的用途。:

Cropland

3.3 有关土地利用的更多信息

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

注释:

Rely on rainfed and in case of low or unreliable rainfalls the land users face water shortage

每年的生长季节数:

• 2

具体说明:

April-August and August-November

3.4 该技术所属的SLM组

• 森林种植管理

• Protection against fires

3.5 技术传播

具体说明该技术的分布:

• 均匀地分布在一个区域

如果该技术均匀地分布在一个区域上，请注明覆盖的大致区域。:

• < 0.1 平方千米（10 公顷）

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 防止土地退化
• 减少土地退化

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 技术规范/技术图纸说明

The technical drawing of the fireline system contains a set of firelines between the forest patches. Firelines are typically 5-6 metres wide.
The plantations (forest patches) shown in the technical drawing have a dimension of 30 X 120 metres.

4.3 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

具体说明成本和投入是如何计算的:

• 每个技术单元

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

Ugandan Shilling

注明美元与当地货币的汇率(如相关):1美元=:

3400.0

4.4 技术建立活动

	活动	措施类型	时间
1.	Identify a tree plantation	管理	Before establishment, rainy season
2.	Buying equipment	管理	Before establishment
3.	Mark the fire line	管理	Before establishment, during the rainynseason
4.	Clear the vegetation	结构性的	During establishment, during the rainy season
5.	Monitoring	管理	After establishment, during the dry season

4.5 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Persons days (fireline of 5-6 meters width)	persons	3.0	5000.0	15000.0	100.0
设备	Hoe	Pieces	1.0	10000.0	10000.0	100.0
设备	Panga	Pieces	2.0	5000.0	10000.0	100.0
设备	Tape measure	Pieces	1.0	30000.0	30000.0	100.0
设备	Rope	roll	2.0	2500.0	5000.0	100.0
技术建立所需总成本					70000.0

注释:

The farmer had kept very well all the the records on the costs which helped us to calculate the costs

4.6 维护/经常性活动

	活动	措施类型	时间/频率
1.	Monitoring	管理	Twice a year, during the dry seasons
2.	Cutting the vegetation	管理	Once a year before the dry season

4.7 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Labour for slashing	Persons	2.0	10000.0	20000.0	100.0
技术维护所需总成本					20000.0

注释:

The technology requires low cost inputs for establishing and maintenance with regard to paying for clearing vegetation. However, labour is not readily available.

4.8 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

Labour is not readily available, and is thus expensive. Hence it accounts for most of the costs required for establishment.

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

说明该技术是否专门应用于:

• 不相关

5.3 土壤

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

水的盐度有问题吗？:

否

该区域正在发生洪水吗？:

否

5.5 生物多样性

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者拥有或租用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 社区/村庄
• 个人，未命名

土地使用权:

• 自由进入（无组织）
• 个人

注释:

No community bylaws and the land is free. If you are a member of the community or household you are supposed to use the land and, thereafter leave it for others to use in future.

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

社会文化影响

生态影响

土壤

生物多样性:植被、动物

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性（土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害）

渐变气候

渐变气候

	季节	气候变化/极端天气的类型	该技术是如何应对的？
年温度		增加	好
季节性温度	湿季/雨季	减少	适度

气候有关的极端情况（灾害）

气候灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
森林火灾	适度
陆地火灾	非常好

注释:

Wild fires are a common threat

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

注释:

The technology is positive with regards to maintenance costs which are rather low after establishment

6.5 技术采用

• 1-10%

如若可行，进行量化（住户数量和/或覆盖面积）:

5

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发地采用该技术，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 0-10%

注释:

Very few have adopted the technology because it demands a lot of labour and most people have not taken an initiative to start on their own

6.6 适应

最近是否对该技术进行了修改以适应不断变化的条件？:

是

若是，说明它适应了哪些变化的条件:

• 气候变化/极端气候

具体说明技术的适应性（设计、材料/品种等）:

The cut vegetation is carried away to other fields or left in the place where its cut for decomposition

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
Low costs of establishment and maintance
Can easily be replicated in other areas where fires are common
Cut vegetation can be taken to other areas as mulch or be left to decompose for soil fertility improvement

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Does not require high sophisticated skills which are available with the extension agent
Very good at preventing bush fires

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Requires money which may not be readily available with the farmer to hire labour	Work in groups and form an association between tree planters to exchange labour

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Fire line alone may not be a measure alone to prevent fire outbreaks. There is a need for the formulation and application of community bylaws on fires.	Support communities to formulate and implement bylaws on fires

7.1 信息的方法/来源