1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

Scaling-up SLM practices by smallholder farmers (IFAD)

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Uganda Landcare Network (ULN) - 乌干达

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

（现场）数据是什么时候汇编的？:

12/5/2017

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 所述技术的可持续性声明

这里所描述的技术在土地退化方面是否存在问题，导致无法被认为是一种可持续的土地管理技术？:

否

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

A banana plantation established in an area surrounded by natural woodland vegetation is protected from excessive drought and winds, ensuring continuous production and increased income throughout the year

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Strong dry winds in the plains of northern Uganda can be a serious challenge during dry periods, destroying perennial crops and farm structures. To overcome this challenge, farmers maintain blocks of natural vegetation around their plantations. In the case of this technology, the farmer has maintained natural vegetation around his banana plantation. Within the plantation there are other crops such as vegetables. The trees in the natural vegetation provide shade to the crops and act as wind breaks to the banana plantation.

The size of the plantation is approximately 2 acres. On either side of the plantation is a strip of natural vegetation with a variety of trees species but mainly drought-tolerant species such as Cobretum molle, Albizia coriaria and Accia seyal. Under these trees are grasses which are some times used for livestock. The distance between the banana plantation and the natural woodland is approximately 3 meters and the natural vegetation is approximately 5 meters wide. During the dry season the tall grass from the natural vegetation, if not used for livestock, is harvested and used as mulch in the banana plantation. This also serves to reduce the fire hazard that may spread from the natural vegetation into the plantations. It is also from the farmer's natural vegetation that sometimes poles are cut and used to support heavy bunches of growing bananas.

Generally, the technology does not require a lot of inputs, since bananas are a perennial crop requiring no regular purchase of seeds/seedlings. The major inputs that require regular supply are grass mulch and manure. The farmer usually gets the grass mulch from the natural woodland next to the bananas. He obtains the manure from either of his five cows in the Kraal or purchases additional animal manure from neighbors. On average the farmer adds three tons of manure each year and about a ton of mulch per year. The advantage is that mulch also decomposes easily and adds to the soil carbon and therefore the fertility of the soil. The labor for the work in the plantation is mainly household-based.

To be able to maintain his technology, the farmers need to have adequate labor to maintain a clear separation between the banana plantation and the natural woodland. The farmers also requires labor to manage the grass in the natural woodland so that it does not out grow to pose a fire risk and provide habitat for other dangerous animals like snakes and rodents.

This technology is suitable in areas where grazing is not a major farming activity because livestock can easily cross from the woodland into the banana plantation and destroy it in a very short time.

2.3 技术照片

2.4 技术视频

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

注明实施年份:

2009

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过土地使用者的创新

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 降低灾害风险
• 适应气候变化/极端天气及其影响

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

3.3 有关土地利用的更多信息

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

每年的生长季节数:

• 2

具体说明:

March to May and September to November

3.4 该技术所属的SLM组

• 农业林学
• 防风林/防护林带
• 改良的地面/植被覆盖

3.5 技术传播

具体说明该技术的分布:

• 均匀地分布在一个区域

如果该技术均匀地分布在一个区域上，请注明覆盖的大致区域。:

• < 0.1 平方千米（10 公顷）

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

注释:

The area is fenced using local material such as poles from the woodland and sometimes live fences

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 防止土地退化

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 技术规范/技术图纸说明

Distance between banana plantation and woodland is approximately 5 meters with short grass (~ 3-5 cm height)
The width of the woodland is ~5 m
The banana plantation is ~ 2 acres

4.3 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

具体说明成本和投入是如何计算的:

• 每个技术区域

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

Uganda Shillings

注明美元与当地货币的汇率(如相关):1美元=:

3500.0

4.4 技术建立活动

	活动	措施类型	时间
1.	Slaching	农业学的	Three times every season
2.	Manure application	农业学的	At start of theraininy eason
3.	Mulching	农业学的	At start of dry season

4.5 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Slashing	Days	60.0	5000.0	300000.0	100.0
劳动力	Manure application	Days	20.0	5000.0	100000.0	100.0
劳动力	Mulching	Days	20.0	5000.0	100000.0	100.0
植物材料	Dry grass	Ton	1.0	100000.0	100000.0	100.0
肥料和杀菌剂	Animal manure	Ton	2.0	150000.0	300000.0	100.0
技术建立所需总成本					900000.0

4.6 维护/经常性活动

	活动	措施类型	时间/频率
1.	Slashing	农业学的	Three times a season
2.	Manure application	农业学的	At start of rainy season
3.	Mulching	农业学的	At start of dry season

4.7 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Slashing	Days	60.0	5000.0	300000.0	100.0
劳动力	Manure application	Days	20.0	5000.0	100000.0	100.0
劳动力	Mulching	Days	20.0	5000.0	100000.0	100.0
植物材料	Dry grass	Ton	1.0	100000.0	100000.0	100.0
肥料和杀菌剂	Manure	Ton	2.0	150000.0	300000.0	100.0
技术维护所需总成本					900000.0

4.8 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

Purchase and application of manure

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

说明该技术是否专门应用于:

• 不相关

5.3 土壤

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

水的盐度有问题吗？:

否

该区域正在发生洪水吗？:

否

5.5 生物多样性

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者拥有或租用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 个人，未命名

土地使用权:

• 个人

用水权:

• 个人

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

生态影响

土壤

生物多样性:植被、动物

减少气候和灾害风险

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性（土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害）

渐变气候

渐变气候

	季节	气候变化/极端天气的类型	该技术是如何应对的？
年温度		减少	适度
季节性温度	湿季/雨季	减少	适度
年降雨量		增加	好
季雨量	湿季/雨季	减少	好

气候有关的极端情况（灾害）

气象灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
局地风暴	适度

气候灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
干旱	适度
陆地火灾	适度

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

注释:

The farmer is able to realize some benefits within the first few years of establishment. However with time, benefits become more.

6.5 技术采用

• 单例/实验

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发地采用该技术，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 0-10%

6.6 适应

最近是否对该技术进行了修改以适应不断变化的条件？:

否

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
The practices needed can be performed by the farmers without technical input
Multiple products from the gardens since bananas are continuous fruiters and the woodland provides continuous supply of fuel wood for domestic use

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
The woodland acts as a buffer against destruction by winds since bananas are very fragile crops under strong winds
The cost to maintaining the technology is generally, low, with no major external inputs

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
The woodland adjacent to the banana plantation can acts as hiding place for wild animals as well as pests and diseases	Ensure that the woodland is properly cleared, maintaining low grass and not allowing the branches to overlap between trees
Land shortage cannot allow the expansion of the woodland buffer, thereby limiting effectiveness of the buffer	Alter the species composition of the woodland to include tall trees among the shorter ones

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Bananas are susceptible to pests and diseases that may come from the woodland	Maintain proper plant hygiene in the banana plantation and use pesticides where necessary
Maintaining a banana plantation requires a lot of labor to apply manure and mulch	Apply mulch only when necessary
Bananas are easily damaged by drought, which is a common occurrence in northern Uganda	Maintain heavy mulch during the dry season to conserve soil moisture and ensure crop survival

7.1 信息的方法/来源