1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

Scaling-up SLM practices by smallholder farmers (IFAD)

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

National Agricultural Research Organisation (NARO) - 乌干达

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

（现场）数据是什么时候汇编的？:

19/10/2017

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 所述技术的可持续性声明

这里所描述的技术在土地退化方面是否存在问题，导致无法被认为是一种可持续的土地管理技术？:

否

注释:

Biogas protects the environment through reduced tree cutting and emission of harmful gases and the bi- product removed from the digester is used as organic fertilizer that boosts crop production.

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Domestic biogas plant converts livestock manure into biogas and organic fertilizer. The technique uses cow dung to produce methane gas for lighting and heating.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Domestic biogas plants convert livestock manure into biogas and bio-slurry, a form of organic fertilizer (fermented manure). Biogas is a renewable energy or gas produced by the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. Most people in Uganda, especially in rural areas, don’t have access to electricity and mostly rely on firewood and charcoal (mostly in urban areas). This has led to depletion of forests since these forests are the main supply of wood fuel. The domestic biogas technique uses fresh cow dung to produce methane gas for lighting and heating.

This technology is viable for smallholder farmers with livestock that are capable of producing 25 kg of fresh dung per day, typically about five indigenous cows. This makes the technology suitable for smallholders in developing countries. Fresh cow dung is collected and mixed with water at a ratio of 1:1, depending on the thickness of the dung, to produce a free-flowing mixture. The mixture is poured into the digester where microbes break it down under an oxygen-free environment and in the process release methane gas which is harvested in a cylinder and piped straight into the home for lighting and/ or heating.
Dimensions for the Digester (4m in diameter and 3 m in depth). Overflow tank/ Outlet is 2 meters by 2 meters. Materials used in the construction of the plant include sand, cement, bricks, iron rods, gravel and water. Biogas stove, lamp and its appliances and gas controller or pressure gauge are connected after the construction of the biogas plant which can be purchased from specified outlets on the urban markets.

Production and use of biogas protects the environment through reduced tree cutting and emission of harmful greenhouse gases (GHG). It also eases the workload of rural women and children by providing a safe and cheap source of fuel since it reduces the risk encountered by children and women looking for firewood and spares their time that would otherwise be spent in the process. The bi-product (bio-slurry) removed from the digester at the end of the process is used as organic fertilizer which boosts crop productivity and is a highly nutritious feed supplement for animals.
The technology has safety issues especially on the side of children when it comes to the flammable gas.

2.3 技术照片

2.4 技术视频

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

注明实施年份:

2016

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过项目/外部干预

注释（项目类型等）:

Kawcom Uganda constructs Biogas Plant for its coffee suppliers.

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产
• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化
• 保护生态系统
• 创造有益的经济影响
• 创造有益的社会影响

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

注释:

The technology is applied around the land user's homestead.

3.3 有关土地利用的更多信息

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 混合雨水灌溉

注释:

Irrigation performed during the dry season. i.e. around mid November to mid March while the river Gibuzale provides water for the biogas plant and for irrigation.

每年的生长季节数:

• 3

具体说明:

One can have 2 agricultural seasons if a field is NOT near a water source. Three (3) such season are possible if the field is near a river.

牲畜密度（如相关）:

3 cows

3.4 该技术所属的SLM组

• 天然和半天然森林管理
• 土壤肥力综合管理
• 节能技术

3.5 技术传播

具体说明该技术的分布:

• 适用于特定场所/集中在较小区域

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

注释:

The technology addresses biological degradation (reduction of vegetation cover) through reduced cutting of trees for firewood.

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 防止土地退化
• 减少土地退化

注释:

Biogas reduces and prevents land degradation through reduction in deforestation to supply firewood and charcoal.

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 技术规范/技术图纸说明

Components and Construction of the Bio gas plant
The size of the biogas plant is based on the availability of raw materials, use and financial status. The Biogas plant has the following components the inlet pipe/ tank, the digester, the outlet tank and gas pipe. Materials used in the construction of the plant include Sand, Cement, bricks, iron rods, gravel and water.
The land should be leveled before construction after which the pits are evacuated in their proper sizes and depth. After which construction of the walls begins with a mixture of cement and sand with a ratio of 1:4.
The inlet pipe is about 15cm in diameter which is connected to the digester. Dimensions for the Digester are 4m in diameter and 3m in depth with the thickness of 35cm and strong enough to with stand the load since they are partially buried under ground. The gas pipe is connected to the digester which carries the gas to the point of utilization, such as a stove or lamp. The digester is connected to the overflow tank which is 2 meters in diameter and 2meters in depth.
Biogas stove, lamp and its appliances and gas controller or gauge are connected after the construction of the biogas plant.

Production of Biogas
Biogas is produced from biodegradable materials such as animal dung mixed with water. Before the dung is fed into the plant, it is mixed with water in a tank or basin to give a solid content of 1: 1.5 ratios in the slurry. The mixture is discharged into the digester through the inlet pipe. The mixture ferments inside this digester and biogas is produced through bacterial action, the gas of which settles on top of the slurry in the digester which goes through a gas pipe connected on top of the tank. The gas pipe has a gas/pressure regulator which controls the outlet pressure of the gas to the gas burner or bulb. The digested slurry is discharged into the outlet tank through the outlet opening and use a fertiliser.

4.3 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

具体说明成本和投入是如何计算的:

• 每个技术单元

具体说明成本计算所用货币:

• 美元

注明美元与当地货币的汇率(如相关):1美元=:

3600.0

4.4 技术建立活动

	活动	措施类型	时间
1.	Plan and take measurements	结构性的	Not applicable
2.	Buy and deliver the construction materials	结构性的	Not applicable
3.	Dig the pits	结构性的	Not applicable
4.	Build the concrete	结构性的	Not applicable
5.	Put the pipes	结构性的	Not applicable
6.	Connect to the stove and lamp	结构性的	Not applicable

4.5 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

如果可能，按下表分列技术建立费用，并列明各项投入和每项投入的费用。如果您无法分解成本，给出建立该技术的总成本估算。:

451.16

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Man labour (Digging the holes))	Person-days	2.0	13.89	27.78	50.0
劳动力	Man labour (Building)	person-days	20.0	4.17	83.4	50.0
设备	Stove	piece	1.0	27.78	27.78	50.0
设备	Lamp	Piece	1.0	27.78	27.78	100.0
施工材料	Bricks	Piece	700.0	0.042	29.4	50.0
施工材料	Cement	Bag (50kg)	11.0	8.89	97.79	50.0
施工材料	Sand	Tonnes	1.0	41.67	41.67	50.0
施工材料	Stones	Tonnes	0.5	27.78	13.89	50.0
其它	Pipes	piece @ 10m	3.0	4.17	12.51	50.0
其它	Wire goose	Meters	3.0	1.94	5.82	50.0
其它	Transportation	Trip	3.0	27.78	83.34	50.0
技术建立所需总成本					451.16

如果土地使用者负担的费用少于100%，请注明由谁负担其余费用:

Kawacon Uganda Limited

注释:

Kawacom (U) Ltd imports coffee thus it supports coffee farmers who are its suppliers.
The length of the gas pipes also depends on the distance from the plant to the homestead.

4.6 维护/经常性活动

	活动	措施类型	时间/频率
1.	Manual mixing of the dung & water	管理	Every Morning
2.	Add mixture (dung & water)	管理	Every morning
3.	Emptying of the the overflow	管理	When necessary

4.7 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

如果可能，按下表分解技术维护费用，并列明各项投入和每项投入的费用。如果您无法分解成本，给出维护该技术的总成本估算。:

5.32

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Man Labour	persons- days	2.0	1.39	2.78	100.0
设备	Mixing Basin	piece	1.0	1.39	1.39	100.0
肥料和杀菌剂	Cow dung	kg	40.0	0.028	1.12	100.0
肥料和杀菌剂	Water	Litres	20.0	0.0014	0.03	100.0
技术维护所需总成本					5.32

注释:

The maintenance costs were estimated at a two weekly basis. Most smaller holders don't incur any costs on maintenance since labour and acquisition of the dung is got from their own cows and from friends which is free of charge and use family labour. The cost for water accounts for labour used to fetch the water from the stream

4.8 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

The construction costs, determined by the size of the biogas plant.

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

说明该技术是否专门应用于:

• 不相关

5.3 土壤

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

水的盐度有问题吗？:

否

该区域正在发生洪水吗？:

否

关于水质和水量的注释和进一步规范:

The area gets water from River Gibuzale that flows through the village.

5.5 生物多样性

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者拥有或租用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 个人，未命名

土地使用权:

• 个人

用水权:

• 社区（有组织）

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

社会文化影响

生态影响

土壤

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

有关影响评估的意见:

The technology has less impact on the off site since its practiced in the land user's homestead.

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性（土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害）

渐变气候

渐变气候

	季节	气候变化/极端天气的类型	该技术是如何应对的？
年温度		增加	好
季雨量	湿季/雨季	减少	好

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

注释:

No maintenance costs involved hence higher benefits.

6.5 技术采用

• 1-10%

如若可行，进行量化（住户数量和/或覆盖面积）:

10

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发地采用该技术，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 0-10%

注释:

All received support from Kawacom (U) Ltd.

6.6 适应

最近是否对该技术进行了修改以适应不断变化的条件？:

否

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
It eases the workload by providing a safe and cheap source of fuel compared to firewood
The bi- product at the end of the process is used as organic fertilizer that boosts crop production

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Biogas protects the environment through reduced deforestation hence climate change mitigation.

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Inadequate dung	Collects dung from cattle owners in the area

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Safety issues especially on the side of children when it comes to the flammable gas	Continuous safety education measures to prevent fire out breaks

7.1 信息的方法/来源

7.3 链接到网络上可用的相关信息

标题/说明:

Uganda Domestic Biogas Programme (UDBP)

URL:

https://www.ngoaidmap.org/projects/3031

标题/说明:

Power for the Poor From Animal Manure, Food Waste

URL:

https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/2018-1-january-february/faces-clean-energy/power-for-poor-animal-manure-food-waste