1.2 تفاصيل الاتصال بالأشخاص الرئيسيين لمصدر المعلومات والمؤسسات المعنية بتقييم وتوثيق النهج

اسم المشروع الذي سهّل توثيق/تقييم النهج (إذا كان ذلك على صلة)

Interplay among multiple uses of water reservoirs via innovative coupling of substance cycles in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems (INNOVATE / GLUES)

اسم المؤسسة (المؤسسات) التي سهلت توثيق/تقييم النهج (إذا كان ذلك على صلة)

Missenyi District Council (Missenyi District Council) - تنزانيا، جمهورية تنزانيا المتحدة

1.3 الشروط المتعلقة باستخدام البيانات الموثقة من خلال WOCAT

متى تم تجميع البيانات (ميدانيا)؟:

22/12/2015

يوافق جامع المعلومات والشخص (لاشخاص) الرئيسي لمصدر المعلومات على الشروط المتعلقة باستخدام البيانات الموثقة من خلال WOCAT:

نعم

2.1 وصف موجز للنهج

Using integrated and collaborative approach in managing land degradation and conflicts in Savannah range land with high livestock.

2.2 وصف تفصيلي للنهج

وصف تفصيلي للنهج:

Aims / objectives: a) Conservation of Savannah range land guaranteed through improved rainwater harvesting, improved pasture management and improved livestock genetic potential
b) Frequent range land use conflicts are resolved and halted
c) Resource conserving and environmental sound livestock husbandry practice adopted and widely used.


Methods: Community working by various stakeholders (land users, various level extension workers, employed and elected representatives, project staffs and administrators at the local and central government) and supported by the North South Trans border project (NSTP) uncovered their setbacks through participatory dialogues events. Participatory/multi-stakeholder problem analysis/research events enabled identification of a combination of technologies needed to solve the existing problems as construction of rain water harvesting structure, pasture management (introduction of nutritious and palatable pastures) and livestock improvement through introduction of improved bulls. Joint planning events eventually resulted to development of Bubale community SLM action plan indicating activities, resources and roles. Each stakeholder absorbed the uncovered messages and integrated the ideas into responsive and complementary SLM plans. SLM plans were used to mobilize, negotiate and search for both internal and NSTP supportive resources and thus land users acquisition of the necessary technological input, equipment and financial resources. Knowledge acquisition & skill development was achieved through extension advisory services and on the job and action based training. Technology adaption and innovation was stimulated through; 1) pasture demo plots 2) incentive system 3) quick win interventions 4) and through reinforcement of rules and regulation guiding and protecting the use of the technologies.



Stages of implementation: Situational analysis; community awareness and sensitization events. Problem identifications, analysis and research: defining the root cause of land problems and appropriate technological solution using participatory dialogues. Development of the Bubale community SLM action plan: through collaborative & integrative events. Development of stakeholder plans complementary & responsive to the Bubale community SLM plans. Resource mobilization: using Bubale SLM plan and other stakeholder’s complementary plans. Implementation: collaborations between the community and other stakeholders. Supervision, operation and maintenance of completed technologies: democratic devolution of completed projects to beneficiary groups selected by empowered land users using their own forums and democratic process and subsequent training in operation and maintenance.

Role of stakeholders: Field level (sub village, village & ward): Daily supervision. Planning, review and decision making through obligatory meetings. Setting & reinforcing bylaws guiding the use and protection of technologies. Intermediate level (district level): extension services, technical expertise, and supervision and monitoring. Assist the community in interpreting the relevant policies, rules and laws guiding and protecting the use of various SLM technologies. Reporting implementation progress to the regional level & other stakeholders. Control of support funds, procurement procedures and make payments subject to approval by the community project committee. Regional level: Supervision monitoring and reporting implementation progress to the national level and were the subject matter consultants providing services upon request by the district. Policy makers (Councillors and Member of Parliament): supervision, monitoring, policies interpretation & reinforcement of rules and bylaws protecting the technologies. Central government: resolving and managing land conflicts & observing peace and tranquility.

2.5 البلد/المنطقة/المواقع التي تم تطبيق النهج فيها

2.6 تواريخ بدء وإنهاء تنفيذ النهج

2.7 نوع النهج

• قائم على مشروع/برنامج

2.8 الغايات/الأهداف الرئيسية للنهج

The Approach focused mainly on SLM with other activities (Pasture establishment & improvement of genetic potential )

a) Stop uncontrolled exploitation and degradation of range land through correct stocking, improved pasture management and controlled fire burning.
b) Resolve and halt conflict over the use of range land among livestock keepers and between crop and livestock keepers
c) Improve livestock production and productivity through the use of animals with high genetic potentials.
d) Ensure availability of financial resources to invest in sustainable range land management


The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: a) Overuse and degradation of range land resources through overstocking, poor pasture management and uncontrolled fire burning.
b) Conflict over the use of range land among livestock keepers and between crop and livestock keepers.
c) Low livestock production and productivity due to poor livestock practices (use of animals with low genetic potentials).
d) Lack of financial resources to invest in sustainable range land management

2.9 الظروف التي تمكن أو تعيق تنفيذ التقنية/التقنيات المطبقة بموجب النهج

3.1 أصحاب المصلحة المعنيون بالنهج وأدوارهم

3.2 انخراط مستخدمي الأراضي المحليين/المجتمعات المحلية في المراحل المختلفة للنهج

	انخراط مستخدمي الأراضي المحليين/المجتمعات المحلية	حدد من شارك وصف الأنشطة
المبادرة/التحفيز	تفاعلي	community land users, elected and employed representatives/leaders and civil servants/extension workers at the village and ward level. were involved in problem identification and situational analysis.
التخطيط	تفاعلي	community land users, elected and employed representatives/leaders and civil servants/extension workers at the village and ward level Collaborative planning events of which eventually resulted to development of Bubale responsive comprehensive community SLM action plan indicating activities, resources and roles to be played by various stakeholders.
التنفيذ	تفاعلي	community land users, elected and employed representatives/leaders and civil servants/extension workers at the village and ward level Daily supervision of construction work, contributed in terms of indigenous knowhow, cheap labour, material in kind and security and setting and reinforcing bylaws guiding implementation of technologies.
الرصد/التقييم	تفاعلي	community land users, elected and employed representatives/leaders and civil servants/extension workers at the village and ward level participated in collaborative and client interactive monitoring
Research	تفاعلي	community land users, elected and employed representatives/leaders and civil servants/extension workers at the village and ward level participated in multi-stakeholder problem analysis/research events (special meetings, workshops and seminars)

3.4 اتخاذ القرار بشأن اختيار تقنية/تقنيات الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي

حدد من الذي قرر اختيار التقنية/التقنيات التي سيتم تنفيذها:

• مستخدمو الأراضي بشكل أساسي، بدعم من متخصصي الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي

اشرح:

Technologies needed for solving the existing land problems and improvement of the situation were identified through project supported participatory problem analytical events (special meetings, workshops and seminars) where, land users in Bubale village supported by SLM specialists were able to learn and understand the real and root cause of the existing land problems and in the due course made the choice on SLM technologies.

Decisions on the method of implementing the SLM Technology were made by mainly by land users supported by SLM specialists. Empowered community working collaboratively with SLM specialists took the leading role in deciding on the method of implementing the SLM Technology

4.1 بناء القدرات/التدريب

هل تم تقديم التدريب لمستخدمي الأراضي / الأطراف المعنيين الآخرين؟:

نعم

حدد من تم تدريبه:

• مستخدمو الأراضي
• موظفون ميدانيون/ مستشارون

• politicians, employed and elected leders, admintrators and other stakeholders

شكل التدريب:

• في العمل
• مناطق العرض
• اجتماعات عامة

شكل التدريب:

• special meetings, workshops and seminars

المواضيع المغطاة:

In-house training, action based training and learning by doing on the job these include: pasture management, hay making, use and management of improved bulls and charco dam construction and management, environmental impact assessment, law and guiding and protecting the use of particular SLM and further operation and management.

4.2 خدمة استشارية

هل يملك مستخدمو الأراضي وصولا إلى خدمة استشارية؟:

نعم

حدد ما إذا كانت الخدمة الاستشارية متوفرة:

• في حقول مستخدمي الأراضي

وصف/تعليقات:

Name of method used for advisory service: community participatory dialogues and analytical process ; Key elements: builds trust and understanding with land users, ensures that the viewpoint and realities of land users are accurately reflected, empower participation of the disadvantaged and promote ownership of the analytical process ; so the process was largely people centered

Advisory service is quite adequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; The fifth phase ruling government elected in October 2015 is committed to support land conservation. To a large extent the commonest electoral manifesto of the ruling party emphasis on the importance of land/environmental protection.

4.3 تعزيز المؤسسات (التطوير التنظيمي)

هل تم إنشاء أو تعزيز مؤسسات من خلال هذا النهج؟:

• نعم، باعتدال

حدد المستوى (المستويات) التي تم فيها تعزيز أو إنشاء المؤسسات:

• محلي

حدد نوع الدعم:

• بناء القدرات/التدريب

اعط مزيدا من التفاصيل:

the community project committee was supported in terms of training in supervision and client interactive monitoring. beneficiary groups were trained on project operations and maintenance.

4.4 الرصد والتقييم

هل يشكل الرصد والتقييم جزءا من النهج؟:

نعم

التعليقات:

economic / production aspects were regular monitored by project staff, government, land users through observations; indicators: Increased animal production and productivity

bio-physical aspects were ad hoc monitored by project staff, government, land users through observations; indicators: Annual livestock water accessibility (No. of months)

bio-physical aspects were regular monitored by project staff, government through measurements; indicators: Annual livestock water accessibility (No. of months)

technical aspects were regular monitored by project staff, government, land users through observations; indicators: No of livestock keepers using recommended animal husbandry practises

technical aspects were regular monitored by project staff, government, land users through measurements; indicators: No of livestock keepers using recommended animal husbandry practises

socio-cultural aspects were ad hoc monitored by project staff, government, land users through observations; indicators: Readiness to use improved bulls and correct stocking, % reduction of uncontrolled fire burning

socio-cultural aspects were regular monitored by project staff, government, land users through measurements; indicators: Readiness to use improved bulls and correct stocking, % reduction of uncontrolled fire burning

economic / production aspects were regular monitored by project staff, government, land users through measurements; indicators: Increased animal production and productivit

area treated aspects were regular monitored by project staff, government, land users through observations; indicators: Hectare of range land well conserved

area treated aspects were regular monitored by project staff, government, land users through measurements; indicators: Hectare of range land well conserved

no. of land users involved aspects were regular monitored by project staff, government, land users through observations; indicators: No. of livestock keepers adopting improved pasture managment and use of improved bulls, % reduction of land conflicts

no. of land users involved aspects were ad hoc monitored by project staff, government, land users through measurements; indicators: No. of livestock keepers adopting improved pasture managment and use of improved bulls, % reduction of land conflicts

management of Approach aspects were regular monitored by project staff, government, land users through observations; indicators: The level of community involvement and ownership of the approach

management of Approach aspects were monitored by project staff, government, land users through measurements; indicators: The level of community involvement and ownership of the approach

There were several changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: Monitoring and evaluation revealed the need to devolve supervision and management of completed project (charco dam, pasture demo and improved bulls) to beneficiary groups.

There were no changes in the Technology as a result of monitoring and evaluation

4.5 البحوث

هل كانت البحوث جزءًا من النهج؟:

نعم

• problem analysis and identification

أعط تفاصيل إضافية وأشر إلى من قام بالبحوث:

Technologies needed for solving the existing land problems and improvement of the situation were identified through project supported participatory and multi-stakeholder problem analysis/research events

5.1 الميزانية السنوية لمكون الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي في النهج المذكور

إذا لم تكن الميزانية السنوية الدقيقة معروفة، قم بالإشارة إلى نطاقها:

• 100,000-10,000

التعليقات (على سبيل المثال المصادر الرئيسية للتمويل/الجهات المانحة الرئيسية):

Approach costs were met by the following donors: international non-government (North South Trans border Project (NSTP) ): 50.0%; local government (district, county, municipality, village etc) (Missenyi District Council ): 30.0%; local community / land user(s) (Bubale Community ): 20.0%

5.2 الدعم المالي/المادي المقدم لمستخدمي الأراضي

هل حصل مستخدمو الأراضي على دعم مالي/ مادي لتنفيذ التقنية/ التقنيات؟:

نعم

5.3 إعانات لمدخلات محددة (بما في ذلك العمالة)

• معدات

• زراعة

• بناء

إذا كان العمل من قبل مستخدمي الأراضي مدخلاً جوهريًا، فهل كان:

• تطوعي

التعليقات:

Labour was largely voluntary and partly as casual. labour was substantial input in various activities including excavation of dam, land tilling, loading and unloading of construction materials.

NSTP supported fully financed inputs as kick start investment.

5.4 الائتمان

هل تم توفير ائتمان في إطار نهج أنشطة الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي؟:

كلا

6.1 آثار النهج

6.2 المحفز الرئيسي لقيام مستخدمي الأراضي بتنفيذ الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي

6.3 استدامة أنشطة النهج

هل يمكن لمستخدمي الأراضي المحافظة على استدامة ما تم تنفيذه من خلال النهج (بدون دعم خارجي)؟:

• نعم

إذا كانت الإجابة بنعم، صف كيف:

After the kick start support by the project then operation and supervision of the charco dam, pasture demo plot & improved bulls are devolved to the group of gender balanced beneficiaries who are selected through community priority and selection. Payments of user fee and penalties for those who violate set rules and regulations enable the community to manage operational, maintenance and other costs.

6.4 نقاط قوة/مزايا النهج

نقاط القوة/ المزايا/ الفرص من وجهة نظر مستخدمي الأراضي

1. Easy to access necessary external supportive resources 2. Foster complementary and collaborative working relationship with multi-stakeholders 3. Reduce land conflicts 4. Open opportunity to shift from tradition to commercial livestock keeping (e.g. through acquisition of improved bulls) 5. (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Scale up use of the approach Maintain complementary and collaborative working relationship Maintain the use of technology Scale up use of the approach )

نقاط القوة/ المزايا/ الفرص من وجهة نظر جامع المعلومات أو غيره من الاشخاص الرئيسيين لمصدر المعلومات

1. Is collaborative and integrative 2. Highly rely on the use of existing local institutions and forums 3. Quick win results and incentive system (e.g. pasture seeds) speed up adaption and innovation 4. Multilevel participation and collaboration 5. (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Strengthen and maintain collaboration and integration Continue strengthening use and operationization of existing institutions and forums Maintain quick win interventions and incentive system Maintain multilevel participation and collaboration )

6.5 نقاط الضعف/ العيوب في المنهج وطرق التغلب عليها

نقاط الضعف/ المساوىء/ المخاطر من وجهة نظر مستخدم الأراضي	كيف يمكن التغلب عليها؟
1. Destruction of established structures (e.g. fencing materials) by dishonest land users.	Strengthen security (e.g. community police) and law enforcement

نقاط الضعف/ المساوىء/ المخاطر من وجهة نظر جامع المعلومات أو غيره من الاشخاص الرئيسيين لمصدر المعلومات	كيف يمكن التغلب عليها؟
1. High initial investment cost e.g. in charco dam construction/ improved bulls. 2. Difficulties in the use and management of collective pasture demo plots	Introduce user fee and strengthen group associations and rural credit facilities & financial institutions (e.g. SACCOS) Devolve management of demo plots to beneficiary groups & provide training in supervision, operation and management of pasture demo plots.

7.1 طرق جمع/مصادر المعلومات