Approaches

Awareness Raising for SLM Using Conservation Agriculture [Kazakhstan]

Awareness and knowledge on Conservation Agriculture for rainfed crop production

approaches_5677 - Kazakhstan

Completeness: 100%

1. General information

1.2 Contact details of resource persons and institutions involved in the assessment and documentation of the Approach

Key resource person(s)

expert/consultant:

Karabayev Muratbek

+7 (7172) 34 37 13 / +7 (701) 216-77-21

m.karabayev@cgiar.org / muratbek.karabayev@gmail.com

International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), CIMMYT-Kazakhstan

Office #7, B.Maylin str., 10, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan

Name of project which facilitated the documentation/ evaluation of the Approach (if relevant)
Integrated natural resources management in drought-prone and salt-affected agricultural production landscapes in Central Asia and Turkey ((CACILM-2))
Name of the institution(s) which facilitated the documentation/ evaluation of the Approach (if relevant)
Kazakh Research Institute for Livestock and Fodder Production (Kazakh Research Institute for Livestock and Fodder Production) - Kazakhstan

1.3 Conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT

When were the data compiled (in the field)?

02/02/2020

The compiler and key resource person(s) accept the conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT:

Yes

1.4 Reference(s) to Questionnaire(s) on SLM Technologies

Conservation Agriculture for cereal production in rainfed areas of Kazakhstan
technologies

Conservation Agriculture for cereal production in rainfed areas … [Kazakhstan]

Conservation agriculture applied in Northern Kazakhstan is based on no-tillage direct sowing of cereals into the soil permanently covered by crop residues. It contributes to reverse soil degradation, enhance water use efficiency, increase crop productivity in the rainfed lands.

  • Compiler: Kulyash Iskandarova

2. Description of the SLM Approach

2.1 Short description of the Approach

Raising awareness and strengthening the capability and skills of farmers, agriculture specialists and researchers in developing and adoption resource-saving, profitable and environmentally friendly cereal production through Conservation Agriculture practices.

2.2 Detailed description of the Approach

Detailed description of the Approach:

The main features of the approach:
•Empower farmers to become self-sufficient in managing their lands under Conservation Agriculture through education, awareness raising with a focus on transferring knowledge, skills and tools to improve crop production, increase food security, and incomes of rural communities.
•Promote the transition from traditional farming to modern systems based on minimal soil treatment, diversified crop production, stubble retention and direct seeding by building capacity.
•Facilitate positive change by leveraging the strengths and capabilities of different partners to transfer skills, knowledge and resources to farmers and communities interested in active CA adoption.
In Kazakhstan the most of crop management experiences and education in universities emphasized conventional tillage based production systems. Changing minds to accept crop management practices based on the principles of Conservation Agriculture is one of the biggest constraint of CA adoption. Farmers are ready to change their mind set if they are knowledgeable, well informed and see the benefits of CA-based crop management practices in their fields. The approach is based on awareness raising, training of farmers and farmer testing of CA technology in close collaboration with specialists from international and local institutions. An active dialogue with farmers, knowledge and technology dissemination are built on participation of qualified specialists/experts who are part of the management team of each farm and are able to efficiently test and adapt new technologies to the local conditions. CA is a complex approach and system, it implies changes in a number of technological components of the existing traditional systems of agriculture. It is necessary to change two basic paradigms: the paradigm of soil tillage and the paradigm of linear knowledge flow.
Many agricultural research and extension systems are based on a linear model of knowledge flow, with new knowledge being developed in research organizations, passed on to agricultural extension agents who in turn pass on the new knowledge and information to farmers. While this model may be applied to simple technology, it does not always effectively work with complex technologies, especially when research institutes do not have the capacity to develop functional packages of multiple technological components for all farmer situations. Innovative approaches on the basis of complex technologies are needed in adaptation, system development process and promotion. Innovative approach (platforms) are based on networks of multiple agents, including farmers-innovators and decision-makers, all utilizing their own knowledge, external information and policy support to help overcome problems and develop functional systems for local farming conditions and farmer circumstances.

The target farmers as well as farmers of the neighbouring farming community were trained on-the-job on key topics of CA such as diversified cropping systems, chemical fallow, minimum/no-tillage, direct seeding, and snow and residue management. Altogether four training workshops were carried out. In each session international and national experts trained about 30 farmers. Conservation Agriculture study tour to USA (Washington State, Idaho State) and Canada (Saskatchewan Province) was organized. Public awareness and also training on CA-technology also were generated through six field days and seminars bringing together farmers, stakeholders, policy-makers and researchers to observe and discuss key field demonstrations.

Large-scale adoption of Conservation Agriculture (zero/minimum soil tillage, leaving crop residues in the fields, direct seeding with narrow chisel and disk openers, permanent bed-planting and furrow irrigation, etc.) were initiated by the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) and FAO in 2002. Thanks to the joint efforts of national scientists and farmers, international organizations (CIMMYT, FAO, ICARDA, World Bank, UNDP, USAID, etc.), support by the state and government bodies, the areas under no-till have been increasing from virtually none in 2002 to an estimated area of 3 000 000 ha in 2019.

2.3 Photos of the Approach

2.4 Videos of the Approach

Comments, short description:

Not available

2.5 Country/ region/ locations where the Approach has been applied

Country:

Kazakhstan

Region/ State/ Province:

Northern Kazakhstan: Akmola and North Kazakhstan regions (provinces)

Comments:

CA approaches and principles are not site specific and can be applied to essentially all crop production systems.

1) Farm “Cherezdanov”, Smirnovo village, Akkayinskii district, Northern Kazakhstan region, located approximately 60 kilometers south of Petropavlovsk and 700 km from Astana (Nur-Sultan). The farm Head is Vyacheslav Cherezdanov.

2) Farm “Daryn”, Valikhanovo village, Zharkainsky district, Akmola region, located approximately 600 kilometers southwest of Astana (Nur-Sultan). The Head is Auezkhan Darynov.

3) Farm “Dostyk 06”, Astrahanovka village, Astrahanskyi district, Akmola region, located approximately 110 kilometers west of Astana (Nur-Sultan). The Head is Meyram Sagimbayev.

4) Farm “Surayev”, Vishnevka village, Arshalinsky district, Akmola region, located approximately 60 kilometers south of Astana (Nur-Sultan). The Head is Viktor Surayev.

2.6 Dates of initiation and termination of the Approach

Indicate year of initiation:

2002

Year of termination (if Approach is no longer applied):

2004

Comments:

CA system approach continues adoption in the Kazakhstan and Eurasia region

2.7 Type of Approach

  • project/ programme based

2.8 Main aims/ objectives of the Approach

Improve knowledge, raising awareness, enhance capability of farmers, agriculture specialists and different partners in using CA-farming practices for a more sustainable and profitable crop production in rainfed lands of Kazakhstan

2.9 Conditions enabling or hindering implementation of the Technology/ Technologies applied under the Approach

collaboration/ coordination of actors
  • enabling

The CA approach is based on collaboration and network of multiple agents and actors (farmers-innovators, decision-makers, national and international institutions, researchers, experts, etc.) to enable and help overcome problems and develop functional systems for local farming conditions and farmer circumstances.

knowledge about SLM, access to technical support
  • enabling

•Knowledge of weed control: Options for weed control with different weed spectra and these different conditions must be available.
•Knowledge of crop rotations incorporating species profitable for farming, demanded by the market, tolerant to dry conditions and enriching soil, e.g. legumes.
•Knowledge and information about the CA equipment most appropriate for use in the country conditions are significant factor in the spread and successful management of CA, especially direct seeders, sprayers for uniform herbicide application and straw spreaders for the combine harvesters.

3. Participation and roles of stakeholders involved

3.1 Stakeholders involved in the Approach and their roles

  • local land users/ local communities

1) A.Darynov, “Daryn” Farm, Valikhanovo village, Zharkainsky district, Akmola region, Kazakhstan
2) M.Sagimbayev, “Dostyk06” Farm, Astrahanovka village, Astrahanskyi district, Akmola region, Kazakhstan
3) V.Surayev, “Surayev” Farm, Vishnevka village, Arshalinskyi district, Akmola region, Kazakhstan
4) V.Cherezdanov, “Cherezdanov” Farm, Smirnovo village, Akkayinskii district, Northern Kazakhstan region, Kazakhstan

Coordination of field works, adoption at the farm

  • SLM specialists/ agricultural advisers

1) Dr.M.Matyushkov, Research and Production Center of Grain Farming, Shortandy, Akmola region, adviser in agriculture equipment
2) Dr.I.Vasko, Research and Production Center of Grain Farming, Shortandy, Akmola region, adviser in agronomy and economics

1) Adoption of CA equipment at farms
2) Assessment of CA technology effectiveness

  • researchers

1) Dr.A.Bektemirov, Research and Production Center of Grain Farming, Shortandy, Akmola region, consultant on soil science
2) Dr.A.Kenjebekov, Research and Production Center of Grain Farming, Shortandy, Akmola region, consultant on agronomy

1) Soil investigations and analysis
2) Agronomy research and analysis

  • national government (planners, decision-makers)

Prof.K.Elemesov, Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Head of Science Department, National Project Coordinator

Coordination of the CA adoption project on behalf of the government of the Republic of Kazakhstan

  • international organization

1) Dr.Th,Bachmann, FAO Specialist on Agronomy
2) Dr.Th.Friedrich, FAO Specialist on Engineering
3) Prof. M.Karabayev, CIMMYT Representative in Kazakhstan

1) Consultations on agronomy issues of the CA technology adoption
2) Consultations on engineering issues of the CA technology adoption
3) The Project Leader

  • Foreign organization

Prof. L. Makus, Professor of Economics, Idaho State University, USA

Economic research and assessment of CA adoption at farms

If several stakeholders were involved, indicate lead agency:

The lead Agency - Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan

3.2 Involvement of local land users/ local communities in the different phases of the Approach
Involvement of local land users/ local communities Specify who was involved and describe activities
initiation/ motivation passive Farmers involved in the project realization participated at the different seminars on CA technologies and innovations in land management organized by international institutions (FAO, CIMMYT)
planning interactive Definition of the most appropriate (location, size) lands, needs in labour, equipment, technique support for the project trials.
implementation interactive Organization, manage and control field works.
monitoring/ evaluation interactive Active participation and assistance to the project consultants in monitoring and evaluation processes.

3.3 Flow chart (if available)

Description:

Conservation Agriculture Innovative approach (platform) is based on networks of multiple agents, including farmers-innovators and decision-makers, all utilizing their own knowledge, external information and policy support to help overcome problems and develop functional systems for local farming conditions and farmer сircumstances

Author:

M. Karabayev

3.4 Decision-making on the selection of SLM Technology/ Technologies

Specify who decided on the selection of the Technology/ Technologies to be implemented:
  • all relevant actors, as part of a participatory approach
Explain:

Innovative approach on the basis of complex technologies, like Conservation Agriculture, is needed in adaptation, system development process, comprehensive assessment and promotion. That is why and main reason of all relevant actors participate in decision making on the selection of the technology

Specify on what basis decisions were made:
  • evaluation of well-documented SLM knowledge (evidence-based decision-making)
  • research findings
  • personal experience and opinions (undocumented)

4. Technical support, capacity building, and knowledge management

4.1 Capacity building/ training

Was training provided to land users/ other stakeholders?

Yes

Specify who was trained:
  • land users
  • field staff/ advisers
Form of training:
  • farmer-to-farmer
  • demonstration areas
  • public meetings
Subjects covered:

“Conservation Agriculture for rainfed crop production”, “Conservation Agriculture for irrigated crop production”

Comments:

An important factor of wide-scale extension of CA is training and introduction of farmers and specialists with the new innovations and approaches, on-farm demonstration of technology components, expertise of foreign specialists, and wide public awareness activities. As a total, 12 different project events (workshops, training seminars, field days, study tours for farmers and specialists, consultations, lectures and methodological assistance provided by foreign specialists and scientists, etc.) were conducted. The implementation process of the project was regularly highlighted in newspapers, journals, radio and TV.

4.2 Advisory service

Do land users have access to an advisory service?

Yes

Specify whether advisory service is provided:
  • at permanent centres
Describe/ comments:

National Agriculture Research System (NARS) of Kazakhstan represented by the National Agrarian Research and Education Center (NAREC) of the Ministry of Agriculture has research institutes and extension centers in all main agriculture regions of the country where farmers and all needed persons have access to advisory service, including CA-based technologies.

4.3 Institution strengthening (organizational development)

Have institutions been established or strengthened through the Approach?
  • yes, moderately
Specify the level(s) at which institutions have been strengthened or established:
  • regional
Describe institution, roles and responsibilities, members, etc.

Agricultural Centers for extension and dissemination of knowledge are located in all main agriculture regions of Kazakhstan. Roles and responsibilities: advisory service, consultations.

Specify type of support:
  • capacity building/ training
Give further details:

Agricultural Centers for extension and dissemination of knowledge conduct and carry out on regularly basis trainings, seminars, workshops, meetings for and with farmers, visit farm fields and trials to provide on-place consultations and monitoring.

4.4 Monitoring and evaluation

Is monitoring and evaluation part of the Approach?

Yes

Comments:

Monitoring and evaluation were carried out by the project team, consist of National Coordinator, Project Leader, national and international consultants and advisors, heads of the project farms. Also together with agriculture workers implementing field works at farms the project team members participated in main field activities: seeding, weed control, harvesting.

If yes, is this documentation intended to be used for monitoring and evaluation?

Yes

Comments:

By collaborating with national and international partners the project evaluated progress and perception of the aproach by farmers. The documentation of the project, activities realized, reports of the project implementation are to be used for monitoring and evaluation. Defining real "win-wins" in the specific context of the project area as well as whole country aimed at increased understanding to improve and replicate the CA approach and technology on a broader scale.

4.5 Research

Was research part of the Approach?

Yes

Specify topics:
  • economics / marketing
  • technology
Give further details and indicate who did the research:

Technology and economics research were carried out by two main national research institutes: 1) Kazakh Research and Production Center for Grain Farming, Shortandy settl., Akmola region (province); 2) Kazakh Research Institute for Farming and Crop Production, Almalybak settl., Almaty region (province).

5. Financing and external material support

5.1 Annual budget for the SLM component of the Approach

If precise annual budget is not known, indicate range:
  • 10,000-100,000
Comments (e.g. main sources of funding/ major donors):

Main sources/donors of funding of the SLM component of the approach: FAO (80%), International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center – CIMMYT (20%). The FAO TCP/KAZ/2801 (T) “Conservation Agriculture for Sustainable Crop Production in Northern Kazakhstan” project duration: 2002-2004.

5.2 Financial/ material support provided to land users

Did land users receive financial/ material support for implementing the Technology/ Technologies?

No

5.3 Subsidies for specific inputs (including labour)

Comments:

not applicable

5.4 Credit

Was credit provided under the Approach for SLM activities?

No

5.5 Other incentives or instruments

Were other incentives or instruments used to promote implementation of SLM Technologies?

No

6. Impact analysis and concluding statements

6.1 Impacts of the Approach

Did the Approach enable evidence-based decision-making?
  • No
  • Yes, little
  • Yes, moderately
  • Yes, greatly

Land-users and decision-makers are convinced to adopt and promote CA as key element of the agriculture system in the country

Did the Approach help land users to implement and maintain SLM Technologies?
  • No
  • Yes, little
  • Yes, moderately
  • Yes, greatly

The approach helped land users to clearly understand all components and stages of CA, to follow and abide main requirements for the technology introduction and maintenance.

Did the Approach improve coordination and cost-effective implementation of SLM?
  • No
  • Yes, little
  • Yes, moderately
  • Yes, greatly

CA adoption and promotion implies participation of multiple agents the approach suggested ways to effective coordination and implementation of SLM

Did the Approach improve knowledge and capacities of land users to implement SLM?
  • No
  • Yes, little
  • Yes, moderately
  • Yes, greatly

The approach enabled farmers and national specialists to recognize as perspective, economically and ecologically profitable of Conservation Agriculture based on no-till and direct seeding systems.

Did the Approach lead to improved food security/ improved nutrition?
  • No
  • Yes, little
  • Yes, moderately
  • Yes, greatly

Yield of spring wheat under CA, in average, 50 to 60% higher in comparison with the conventional technologies.

Did the Approach improve the capacity of the land users to adapt to climate changes/ extremes and mitigate climate related disasters?
  • No
  • Yes, little
  • Yes, moderately
  • Yes, greatly

The advantages of CA are especially evident in the years of drought, that is extremely important for Kazakhstani soil-climate conditions (called as “Area of Risk Farming”)

6.2 Main motivation of land users to implement SLM

  • increased production

In relatively long-term perspective (at least, after 4-5 years of introduction) adoption of CA definitely leads to sustainable increase of crop productivity

  • reduced land degradation

CA stops and reverses widespread soil degradation and enhance the sustainable management of the natural resources

  • reduced risk of disasters

Because of CA enhances water accumulation and its use efficiency for both rainfed and irrigated crop production systems the technology reduces risk and effect of droughts – main constraint factor for sustainable crop farming in Kazakhstan

  • reduced workload

CA considerably decreases number of field operations and hereupon reduces workload, resulting in crop productivity improvement by increasing the efficiency of time and input use

6.3 Sustainability of Approach activities

Can the land users sustain what has been implemented through the Approach (without external support)?
  • uncertain
If no or uncertain, specify and comment:

While CA provides many benefits for farmers and the environment, farmers can face constraints to adopt these practices. Wetlands or soils with poor drainage can make adoption challenging. When crop residues are limited, farmers tend to use them for fodder first, so there might not be enough residues for the soil cover. To initiate CA, appropriate seeders are necessary, and these may not be available or affordable to all farmers. Conservation agriculture is also knowledge intensive and not all farmers may have access to the knowledge and training required on how to practice conservation agriculture. Finally, conservation agriculture increases yields over time but farmers may not see yield benefits immediately. However, innovations, adapted research and new technologies are helping farmers to overcome these challenges and facilitate the adoption of conservation agriculture.

6.4 Strengths/ advantages of the Approach

Strengths/ advantages/ opportunities in the land user’s view
Because the approach is focused on awareness raising and the transfer of skills, knowledge and world experience it facilitates the mobilization of strengths and capabilities of farmers and different partners for effective adoption and promotion of CA.
Strengths/ advantages/ opportunities in the compiler’s or other key resource person’s view
The approach aims at sustainably intensifying farming systems and have a positive effect on the environment using natural processes. It helps farmers to adapt and increase profits in spite of climate risks. This approach by bringing awareness on advantages of CA to farmers, decision-makers, general public is a way of highest importance for Kazakhstan's “Area of Risk Farming”. Conservation agriculture can be considered climate-smart as it delivers on the objectives of climate-smart agriculture.

6.5 Weaknesses/ disadvantages of the Approach and ways of overcoming them

Weaknesses/ disadvantages/ risks in the land user’s view How can they be overcome?
At farms level CA approach, especially on initial stages of its introduction and adoption, requires regular consultations and support by visiting foreign and international specialists on the issues and problems where national personnel is not enough experienced. Financial support of these visits and activities is necessary. CA-based projects, especially those funded by international R&D agencies, can to some extent help with foreign experts visits and consultations. To accelerate introduction of CA it would be timely and effective if government allocates special funds for invited foreign and international experts through national programs on agriculture research and education.
Weaknesses/ disadvantages/ risks in the compiler’s or other key resource person’s view How can they be overcome?
Effective promotion of the CA-based approach in the country requires further measures to improve coordination between government, non-governmental and international organizations working in this area As an innovative approach a CA platform must consist of and be based on interaction, cooperation, and a network of multiple agents: farmers, researchers, specialists in extension and marketing, manufacturers, policy-makers, state bodies, international R&D institutions. The establishment of a National or Regional “Network on Conservation Agriculture” coordinating all necessary activities and processes is considered important to effectively promote CA in the country and region.

7. References and links

7.1 Methods/ sources of information

  • field visits, field surveys

4 visits, field days

  • interviews with land users

4 interviews with land users

  • interviews with SLM specialists/ experts

2 experts

7.2 References to available publications

Title, author, year, ISBN:

1.Karabaev M., Vasko I., Matyushkov M., Bektemirov A., Kenzhebekov A., Bakhman T., Friedrich T., Makus L., Morgunov A., Darinov A., Sagimbaev M., Suraev V., Perezdanov V., Rodionov A., Wall P. Zero-processing and direct sowing technologies for the cultivation of grain crops in Northern Kazakhstan. 2005. FAO-SIMMIT, 64 p. (in Russian)

Title, author, year, ISBN:

2.S. Shpigun, M. Karabayev. No-till and direct seeding technologies for cereals in North Kazakhstan. - Practical recommendations for farmers. Astana, Kazakhstan, 2007, 15 p.

Title, author, year, ISBN:

3.M. Karabayev, N. Yuschenko, A. Akramkhanov, and S. Shpigun. Forage crops production in dry areas with an allowance for ecological risks. - Methods of seeding and growing of perennial and annual grasses. Astana, Kazakhstan, 2007, 112 p.

Title, author, year, ISBN:

4.CIMMYT Wheat Improvement Program for Kazakhstan. Together in 21st Century. - 2008, CIMMYT, 56 p.

Title, author, year, ISBN:

5.Yushenko N., Iskakov Z., Karabayev M., Shpigun S., Yushenko D., Shaushekov T., Baitassov A. Perennial grasses cropping in abandoned lands of Central Kazakhstan based on Conservation Agriculture. – Drylands Management, World Bank-GEF-MOEP Kazakhstan, 2008, p.38-43

Title, author, year, ISBN:

6.No-Till with Soil Cover and Crop Rotation: A Basis for Policy Support to Conservation Agriculture for Sustainable Production Intensification. – Proceedings of the International Consultation Conference, 8-10 July, 2009, Astana-Shortandy, Kazakhstan. CIMMYT, FAO, Ministry of Agriculture, Kazakhstan, 2009, 350 p.

Title, author, year, ISBN:

7.Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux International (CABI). 2011. Climate Change and Crop Production. Oxfordshire, UK: CABI, 292 p.

Title, author, year, ISBN:

8.FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations). 2011. Save and Grow: A Policymaker’s Guide to the Sustainable Intensification of Smallholder Crop Production. Rome, Italy: FAO.

Title, author, year, ISBN:

9.Ospanbayev Zh., Koishibayev M., Karabayev M., Zhapayev R., Bedoshvili D., Zhunusov K. 2010. Winter wheat direct seeding technology on rainfed lands. Recommendations for farmers, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 13 p.

Title, author, year, ISBN:

10.Karabayev M., Ushenko N., Baitassov A., Ushenko D., Ishmukhanbetov S. 2011. Conservation agriculture for hayfields and pastures under agricultural landscapes of Central Kazakhstan // INAT-AGRO, GEF, UNDP, CIMMYT. Astana, Kazakhstan, 39 p.

Title, author, year, ISBN:

11.Ushenko N., Ushenko D., Baitassov A. 2011. Adaptation of no till and direct seeding of cereals in agricultural landscapes of Central Kazakhstan // CIMMYT, ACP, Astana, Kazakhstan, 22 p.

Title, author, year, ISBN:

12.Advancement and impact of conservation agriculture/no-till technology adoption in Kazakhstan. FAO Investment Centre, Information Note, December 6, 2012

Title, author, year, ISBN:

13.Karabayev M., P.Wall., K.Sayre, R.Zhapayev, A.Morgounov, V.Dvurechenski, N.Yushenko, T.Friedrich, T.Fillecia, A.Jumabayeva, M.Guadagni. Adoption of Conservation Agriculture in Kazakhstan // Soil-Water Journal. 2013, Vol. 2, #r 2, p. 2003-2006.

Title, author, year, ISBN:

14.Zhapayev R., K.Iskandarova, M.Karabayev, K.Toderich. Ecological testing of the sorghum genotypes in South-East Kazakhstan // Agroecological bases of improvement the productivity and sustainability of Agriculture in the XXI century. 2013, Kazakhstan, p. 124-127.

Title, author, year, ISBN:

15.Karabayev M., V.Dvurechenski, P.Wall, K.Sayre, T.Friedrich, N.Yushenko, Zh.Ospanbayev, R.Zhapayev, A.Morgounov, A.Darinov, A.Nazarenko, E.Gossen, T.Fillecia, M.Guadagni. Conservation Agriculture in Kazakhstan // CIMMYT-Kazakhstan, 2013, 32 p.

Title, author, year, ISBN:

16.Karabayev M., A.Morgounov, P.Wall, K.Sayre, Y.Zelenskiy, R.Zhapayev, V.Dvurechenskii, A.Akhmetova, T.Friedrich, T.Fileccia, M.Guadagni. Conservation Agriculture and breeding for sustainable wheat production in Kazakhstan // Journal of Bahri Dagdas Crop Research, 2014, (1-2), 50-53 p.

Title, author, year, ISBN:

17.Nurbekov A., A.Akramkhanov, J.Lamers, A.Kassam, T.Friedrich, R.Gupta, H.Muminjanov, M.Karabayev, D.Sydyk, J.Turok, M.Bekenov. Conservation Agriculture in Central Asia (chapter) // Conservation Agriculture. Global prospects and challenges. CABI (CAB Int.), 2014, UK-USA, p.223-248

Title, author, year, ISBN:

18.Karabayev M., A.Morgounov, H.-J.Braun, P.Wall, K.Sayre, Yu.Zelenskiy, R.Zhapayev, A.Akhmetova, V.Dvurechenskii, K.Iskandarova, T.Friedrich, T.Fileccia, M.Guadagni. Effective approaches to wheat improvement in Kazakhstan: Breeding and Conservation Agriculture // Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, USA, 2014, v.4, #10, p.761-765.

Title, author, year, ISBN:

19.Goddard T., Basch G., Derpsh R., Hongwen L., Jin H., Karabayev M., Moriya K., Peiretti R., Smith H. Institutional and policy support for CA uptake // Advances in Conservation Agriculture, Volume 1: Systems and Science, Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, Cambridge, UK, 2020, (ISBN: 978 1 78676 264 1; 52 p.

Available from where? Costs?

www.bdspublishing.com

7.3 Links to relevant information which is available online

Title/ description:

1.No-Till: A Climate Smart Agriculture Solution for Kazakhstan

URL:

http://www.worldbank.org/en/results/2013/08/08/no-till-climate-smart-agriculture-solution-for-kazakhstan

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