1.2 Detalles de contacto de las personas de referencia e instituciones involucradas en la evaluación y la documentación del Enfoque

Nombre de la(s) institución(es) que facilitaron la documentación/ evaluación del Enfoque si fuera relevante)

Beijing Forestry University (BFU) - China

Nombre de la(s) institución(es) que facilitaron la documentación/ evaluación del Enfoque si fuera relevante)

CDE Centre for Development and Environment (CDE Centre for Development and Environment) - Suiza

1.3 Condiciones referidas al uso de datos documentados mediante WOCAT

El compilador y la/s persona(s) de referencia claves aceptan las condiciones acerca del uso de los datos documentados mediante WOCAT :

Sí

2.3 Fotos del Enfoque

2.5 País/ región/ lugares donde el Enfoque fue aplicado

2.8 Propósitos/ objetivos principales del Enfoque

The aim of the approach are to: - Establish the control model of government and farmers; - Intercepting and restoring soil and water to prevent soil and water loss; - Publicizing the knowledge of soil and water conservation and the idea of sustainable development; - Protecting , improving and using soil resources rationally combining with biological measures; - Improving the productive and ecological environment, increasing yield and farmers income.
The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: - Severe soil and water loss, ecological environment deterioration; - Soil physical property deterioration: rigidity and hardening in drought period; heavy and clay in flooding period; water and fertilizer conservation capability decreased.

2.9 Condiciones que facilitan o impiden la implementación de la/s Tecnología/s aplicadas bajo el Enfoque

3.1 Partes interesadas involucradas en el Enfoque y sus roles

3.2 Involucramiento de los usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales en las distintas fases del Enfoque

	Involucramiento de los usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales	Especifique quién se involucró y describa las actividades
iniciación/ motivación	ninguno	Technique extension
planificación	interactivo	Farmers participate design process
implementación	interactivo	Farmers input labor
monitoreo y evaluación	interactivo	Farmers participate investigation of benefit evaluation
Research	ninguno

3.4 La toma de decisiones en la selección de Tecnología(s) MST

Las decisiones para la selección de la/s Tecnología(s) fueron tomadas:

• Song-Liao Water Resources Commission, Ministry of

Explique:

Song-Liao Water Resources Commission; Soil and water conservation office of Water Conservancy Bureau, Liaoning Province

4.1 Construcción de capacidades / capacitación

¿Se proporcionó la capacitación a usuarios de tierras/ otras partes interesadas?

Sí

Especifique quién fue capacitado:

• usuarios de tierras

Forma de capacitación:

• de agricultor a agricultor
• cursos

4.4 Monitoreo y evaluación

¿El monitoreo y la evaluación forman parte del Enfoque?

Sí

Comentarios:

management of Approach aspects were monitored through measurements
land users involved aspects were monitored through measurements
area treated aspects were monitored through measurements
economic / production aspects were monitored through measurements
socio-cultural aspects were monitored through measurements
technical aspects were monitored through observations
bio-physical aspects were monitored through measurements
There were many changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: Formerly the government policy guides farmers to participate, investment is not enough and the enthusiasm of farmers is low, and treatment result is not obvious. Presently, government investment plus technique service support and favorable policy promote construction; Farmers enthusiasm is high, treatment result is obvious.
There were several changes in the Technology as a result of monitoring and evaluation: The project shortens slope length and route of surface runoff to reduce the erosion; Not only improve the effective utilization of rainoff sources, but also promote agricultural production condition and farmers income.

4.5 Investigación

¿La investigación formó parte del Enfoque?

Sí

Especifique los temas:

• tecnología

Proporcione detalles adicionales e indique quién hizo la investigación:

The research institute, university and relational technique units are as the main research part. Part of scientific data is obtained by farmers. Research fields include the benefits of soil and water conservation caused by contour trench and water intercepting ditch, the influence on water-fertilize condition and increasing yield. The research results are directly used to revise and perfect the project.

5.1 Presupuesto anual para el componente MST del Enfoque

Comentarios (ej. fuentes principales de financiamiento/ donantes principales):

Approach costs were met by the following donors: government (National investment): 60.0%; local government (district, county, municipality, village etc) (Local financing): 30.0%; local community / land user(s) (Labor input by farmers): 10.0%

5.2 Apoyo financiero/material proporcionado a los usuarios de tierras

¿Los usuarios de tierras recibieron financiamiento/ apoyo material para implementar la Tecnología/ Tecnologías? :

Sí

Si respondió sí, especifique el tipo o los tipos de apoyo, condiciones y proveedor(es) :

Raw materials: cements, stone and sand; many kinds of conveyances; Scientific input is mainly the planning and design of specific personnel.

5.3 Subsidios para insumos específicos (incluyendo mano de obra)

Si la mano de obra de usuarios de tierras fue un insumo sustancial, ¿fue:

• recompensado con otro tipo de apoyo material?

Comentarios:

Minority of farmers willing to input labor. Most of the farmers are encouraged to participate by deductions and exemptions agricultural tax and provide work as a form of relief. The participated farmers agricultural tax deduced and exempted by 30-50% in 5 years. Farmers cultivated land was compensated on 300yuan/mu•a. At the same time, the participated farmers could get interest-free or low interest Loan of Aid-the-poor which is primarily used on production.

5.4 Crédito

¿Se proporcionó crédito bajo el Enfoque para actividades MST?

Sí

Especifique las condiciones (tasa de interés el apoyo, amortización, etc.):

repayment conditions: National investment, NA .

6.1 Impactos del Enfoque

6.4 Fortalezas/ ventajas del Enfoque

Fuerzas/ ventajas/ oportunidades desde la perspectiva del compilador o de otra persona de referencia clave
Government provides funds and techniques, communities participation (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Establish multi-mechanism investment forms diversification, strengthen farmers extension)
Combining method, research and demonstration (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Strength scientific research, play the role of demonstration )
Combining agricultural and forestry measures (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Developing greatly runoff agriculture and forestry and high efficiency agriculture)
Shortening slope length and route of surface runoff (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Increase vegeta-tion coverage)
Reducing erosion and sediment rushing into river (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: ArrangingGully Head Protection Project)
Improving the effective utilization of rainoff sources (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Anti-scour Shrub Belt)
Increasing grain yield and farmers income (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Planting economic crops on the slope, further perfect irrigation situation)

6.5 Debilidades/ desventajas del Enfoque y formas de sobreponerse a ellos

Debilidades/ desventajas/ riesgos desde la perspectiva del compilador o de otra persona de referencia clave	¿Cómo sobreponerse a ellas?
Establishing multi-level, diversification and multiple channels of the investment system of national investment, local support and labor input	By farmers and using foreign and social investment.
After the two labours cancelled, the enthusiasm of farmers decreased	Government should link up with actual situation, make favorable policy to encourage farmers participating soil and water conservation construction.
Extending from up to down by government, community participate passively, farmers understanding is limited	Establish diversified popularization and extension, increase the frequency of consultation and training.

7.1 Métodos/ fuentes de información