1.2 Coordonnées des personnes-ressources et des institutions impliquées dans l'évaluation et la documentation de l'Approche

Nom du projet qui a facilité la documentation/ l'évaluation de l'Approche (si pertinent)

Decision Support for Mainstreaming and Scaling out Sustainable Land Management (GEF-FAO / DS-SLM)

Nom du ou des institutions qui ont facilité la documentation/ l'évaluation de l'Approche (si pertinent)

Land Development Department LDD (Land Development Department LDD) - Thaïlande

1.3 Conditions relatives à l'utilisation par WOCAT des données documentées

Quand les données ont-elles été compilées (sur le terrain)?

09/10/2018

Le compilateur et la(les) personne(s) ressource(s) acceptent les conditions relatives à l'utilisation par WOCAT des données documentées:

Oui

2.1 Courte description de l'Approche

Planting perennial salt-tolerant trees in the severely salt-affected area in Lam Satad of Chi-Mun watershed was introduced by the Land Development Department at A. Buayai, Nakhon Ratchasima. This project aimed at promoting the planting of Acacia ampliceps on an area of up to 4,665 rai (approx. 745 ha).

2.2 Description détaillée de l'Approche

Description détaillée de l'Approche:

Land rehabilitation through Acacia ampliceps planting on severely salt-affected soils has been a subproject of the LDD project on "Planting Perennial Salt-tolerant Trees in Salt-affected Areas in the Northeast of Thailand", which started in 1996. The area of Acacia ampliceps has extended further than 10,000 rai (approx. 1600 hectares) through public relations, demonstration plots, collaboration of community leaders, the local governmental administration, and community volunteers on soil improvement and land users.
The soil salinity map (LDD, 1995) shows that the severely salt-affected land in Northeast Thailand covers 475,200 rai. One of the technologies to address salinity is to decrease the saline shallow groundwater level by planting salt-tolerant trees - which are low input compared with engineering measures. The LDD has been extensively planting Acacia ampliceps through close collaboration and participation of stakeholders and demonstration plots in many severely salt-affected locations of several sub-watersheds, one of the sites being Lam Satad of Chi-Mun watershed. The objectives of the approach are (1) to extend the area of planting Acacia ampliceps to prevent and decrease salination, (2) to maximize the use of salt-affected land for a better environment and crop production, and (3) to extend the knowledge of vegetative measures for salinity control to land users and laymen.
The methods used are through (1) demonstration plots of Acacia ampliceps - planting 2-month-old seedlings in pits as single rows at 80 trees per rai (500 per hectare); (2) the land users got to know the approach through public relations media, local administration, community soil doctor volunteers on soil improvement, community leaders, SLM specialists, and researchers; (3) selection of interested land users under LDD requirements; (4) training of selected land users after joining the project, and (5) monitoring and evaluation after 1 year of planting.
Stakeholders involved are LDD researchers and SLM specialists responsible for establishing planting methods, preparation of land (land leveling and beds for planting), production of seedlings and carrying out demonstration plots, as well as monitoring and evaluation and training at the beginning of planting in new areas. The local administration and community soil doctor volunteers on soil improvement are involved in public relations, recommendations, and strengthening closer participation among farmers. Land users/farmers are to be trained and instructed to follow the technology by SLM specialists. They also participate in the monitoring and evaluation and persuade other land users/farmers to plant Acacia ampliceps.
The land users/farmers favour the technology because they have observed that salinity could be controlled, and they utilize the trees as shade for cattle and the tree branches for producing charcoal. Besides, the land users are self-organized as a group to watch and protect the young trees from being trampled by cattle. The disadvantage of Acacia ampliceps is its sensitivity to flash floods and forest fires. Furthermore, the direct production from the trees is low.

2.3 Photos de l'approche

2.4 Vidéos de l'Approche

2.5 Pays/ région/ lieux où l'Approche a été appliquée

2.6 Dates de début et de fin de l'Approche

2.7 Type d'Approche

• fondé sur un projet/ programme

2.8 Principaux objectifs de l'Approche

The purpose is to scale-out the approach to persuade farmers on severely salt-affected land in other districts and provinces to grow Acacia ampliceps.

2.9 Conditions favorisant ou entravant la mise en œuvre de la(des) Technologie(s) appliquée(s) sous l'Approche

3.1 Parties prenantes impliquées dans l'Approche et rôles

3.2 Participation des exploitants locaux des terres/ communautés locales aux différentes phases de l'Approche

	Participation des exploitants locaux des terres/ communautés locales	Spécifiez qui était impliqué et décrivez les activités
initiation/ motivation	passive	Training and demonstration plot was held in the study area.
planification	interactive	Public hearing planning was set up before the beginning of the project.
mise en œuvre	soutien extérieur	Some farmers were hired labourers in this project.
suivi/ évaluation	interactive	Volunteer soil doctors and community volunteers were in charge of the coordination.

3.3 Diagramme/ organigramme (si disponible)

3.4 Prises de décision pour la sélection de la Technologie/ des Technologies

Indiquez qui a décidé de la sélection de la Technologie/ des Technologies à mettre en œuvre:

• principalement les spécialistes de la GDT, après consultation des exploitants des terres

Expliquez:

LDD started to do demonstration plots and educate farmers in 2014.

Spécifiez sur quelle base ont été prises les décisions:

• l'évaluation de connaissances bien documentées en matière de GDT (prises de décision fondées sur des preuves tangibles)?

4.1 Renforcement des capacités/ formation

Une formation a-t-elle été dispensée aux exploitants des terres/ autres parties prenantes?

Oui

Spécifiez qui a été formé:

• exploitants des terres

Si pertinent, spécifiez le genre, l'âge, le statut, l'ethnie, etc.

Mrs. Nurean Tathaisong, female, 56 years old, married, Thai

Formats de la formation:

• zones de démonstration

Thèmes abordés:

The rehabilitation of severely salt-affected soils by growing Acacia ampliceps could reduce household expenditure and is easy to follow.

Commentaires:

Mrs. Nurean Thathaisong, female, 56 years old, married, Thai, has been playing an important role as a land user who received training and operated demonstration areas since 2014.

4.2 Service de conseils

Les exploitants des terres ont-ils accès à un service de conseils?

Oui

Spécifiez si le service de conseils est fourni:

• dans les champs des exploitants?

Décrivez/ commentez:

1. LDD officers educate farmers in the study area.
2. There is cooperation among community leaders, volunteer soil doctors (soil improvement volunteers) and successful farmers.

4.3 Renforcement des institutions (développement organisationnel)

Des institutions ont elles été mises en place ou renforcées par le biais de l'Approche?

• non

4.4 Suivi et évaluation

Le suivi et l'évaluation font ils partie de l'Approche? :

Oui

Commentaires:

LDD officers are in charge of monitoring, investigating survival rates and planning for replanting in the next cropping season.

Si oui, ce document est-il destiné à être utilisé pour le suivi et l'évaluation?

Oui

Commentaires:

There are many issues in a document, which should be used for monitoring and evaluation.

4.5 Recherche

La recherche a-t-elle fait partie intégrante de l’Approche?

Oui

Spécifiez les thèmes:

• technologie

Donnez plus de détails et indiquez qui a mené ces recherches:

LDD researchers

5.1 Budget annuel de la composante GDT de l'Approche

Si le budget annuel précis n'est pas connu, indiquez une fourchette:

• < 2 000

Commentez (par ex. principales sources de financement/ principaux bailleurs de fonds):

Land Development Department

5.2 Soutiens financiers/ matériels fournis aux exploitants des terres

Les exploitants des terres ont-ils reçu un soutien financier/ matériel pour la mise en œuvre de la Technologie/ des Technologies?

Oui

Si oui, spécifiez le(s) type(s) de soutien, les conditions et les fournisseurs:

Cost of compost, fertilizer, rice husks, Acacia ampliceps seedlings

5.3 Subventions pour des intrants spécifiques (incluant la main d'œuvre)

• main d'œuvre

• intrants agricoles

• matériaux de construction

Commentaires:

There were many subsidies such as labour, agricultural inputs, and construction material, which are free for farmers who have engaged in this project.

5.4 Crédits

Des crédits ont-ils été alloués à travers l'Approche pour les activités de GDT?

Non

5.5 Autres incitations ou instruments

D'autres incitations ou instruments ont-ils été utilisés pour promouvoir la mise en œuvre des Technologies de GDT?

Non

6.1 Impacts de l'Approche

6.2 Principale motivation des exploitants des terres pour mettre en œuvre la GDT

6.3 Durabilité des activités de l'Approche

Les exploitants des terres peuvent-ils poursuivre ce qui a été mis en œuvre par le biais de l'Approche (sans soutien extérieur)?

• oui

Si oui, décrivez de quelle manière:

Most farmers have a good understanding of the rehabilitation of Acacia ampliceps on severely salt-affected soils. Moreover, farmers can get benefit of expenditure reduction through utilization of tree branches as charcoal.

6.4 Points forts/ avantages de l'Approche

Points forts/ avantages/ possibilités du point de vue de l'exploitant des terres
1) Acacia ampliceps is a perennial salt-tolerant tree, which can grow well in the severely salt-affected area.
2) Desalinization resulted from Acacia ampliceps plantation after 2 years of planting, native grasses return and become grazing land.
3) Tree branches of Acacia ampliceps could be utilized as charcoal; and the land was changed from barren to trees that become shading.
4) Soil doctors (soil improvement volunteers) were in charge of coordination.

Points forts/ avantages/ possibilités du point de vue du compilateur ou d'une autre personne ressource clé
1) There were LDD officers working with a community leader, soil doctors (soil improvement volunteers) and SAO (Sub-district Administration Organization) officers, who can suggest and support necessary information to the farmer.
2) Land Development Department operates demonstration plots.

6.5 Faiblesses/ inconvénients de l'Approche et moyens de les surmonter

Faiblesses/ inconvénients/ risques du point de vue de l’exploitant des terres	Comment peuvent-ils être surmontés?
1) If a farmer does not engage with this project, he will have no knowledge how to plant Acacia ampliceps in the farm. Moreover, he will not know where to buy Acacia ampliceps seeds.	The LDD has extensively worked through close collaboration and participation of community leader, soil doctors (soil improvement volunteers) and local administration officers on public relations and persuade other land users/ farmers to plant Acacia ampliceps.

Faiblesses/ inconvénients/ risques du point de vue du compilateur ou d'une autre personne ressource clé	Comment peuvent-ils être surmontés?
1) If a farmer doesn’t engage with this project, they don’t have knowledge how to desalinization by planting Acacia ampliceps. Moreover, they don’t know that severely salt-affected soils become less saline to become rice field after 3 years of planting Acacia ampliceps.	There must have training/ suggesting farmers to know the benefits of Acacia ampliceps planting.

7.1 Méthodes/ sources d'information

7.2 Références des publications disponibles

Titre, auteur, année, ISBN:

Land Development Department

Disponible à partir d'où? Coût?

http://www.ldd.go.th/

7.3 Liens vers les informations pertinentes disponibles en ligne

Titre/ description:

Where the land is greener - Case Studies and Analysis of Soil and Water Conservation Initiatives Worldwide

URL:

http://www.ldd.go.th/www/lek_web/