Approches

Rehabilitation of Pasture Land through fencing [Tadjikistan]

Баркароркунии чарогох бо усули махкамкунии гирду атрофи он

approaches_3463 - Tadjikistan

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1. Informations générales

1.2 Coordonnées des personnes-ressources et des institutions impliquées dans l'évaluation et la documentation de l'Approche

Personne(s) ressource(s) clé(s)

Spécialiste GDT:

Askarsho Zevarshoev

Nom du projet qui a facilité la documentation/ l'évaluation de l'Approche (si pertinent)
Integrated Health and Habitat Improvement in Rasht Valley, Tajikistan
Nom du ou des institutions qui ont facilité la documentation/ l'évaluation de l'Approche (si pertinent)
Aga Khan Foundation (AKF) - Suisse

1.3 Conditions relatives à l'utilisation par WOCAT des données documentées

Quand les données ont-elles été compilées (sur le terrain)?

25/12/2016

Le compilateur et la(les) personne(s) ressource(s) acceptent les conditions relatives à l'utilisation par WOCAT des données documentées:

Oui

1.4 Références au(x) questionnaire(s) sur les Technologies de GDT

Establishment of a paddock system and improvement of degraded pastureland.
technologies

Establishment of a paddock system and improvement of … [Géorgie]

In a pilot project, degraded pastureland near the settlement of Kasristskali was regenerated by introducing a fencing, mowing and grazing regime that favours the growth of forage plants instead of weeds and, where necessary, reseeding forage plants.

  • Compilateur : Hanns Kirchmeir

2. Description de l'Approche de GDT

2.1 Courte description de l'Approche

The approach demonstrates the effect and importance of rotational grazing by fencing certain areas of land in pasture areas as well as it demonstrates the rehabilitation process in comparison to the open space which is overgrazed. The approach involves mobilizing communities to observe the rehabilitation process by not grasing in the area for a certain period of time.

2.2 Description détaillée de l'Approche

Description détaillée de l'Approche:

Community member’s understanding, especially the members of PUUs, is low on the rehabilitation techniques of degraded pasture and the effect of rotation on a timely use of different pasture plots. In order to demonstrate the result of grazing a demonstration site in the area of one hectare was fenced. In comparison to this plot the community routinely grazed the open space, next to the fenced plot. In a short period of one season the result demonstrates that the plot, which is fenced, is faster rehabilitated compared to the open space next to it, which was uncontrolled grazed by the community .

The result also shows that productivity is increased in that plot and was used for collecting fodder for off-season during wintertime.

Through organizing field days and exposure of farmers to this area, farmers understanding on applying rotation and sustainable use of pasture area is increased.
The approach was applied in the open field of community pasture, which has been previously overgrazed and abandoned as unused land. In collaboration with the community level organization the land use rights were arranged for one of the land users and the territory was fenced in the area of one hectare. The fenced area was protected for only one season but showed good results compared to the open field next to it nonetheless.
In a short period the approach demonstrates how effective applying a sustainable grazing plan is, which land users also liked. Community members, who also owned livestock acquired a simple approach to protect their pasture and applied the approach when developing their pasture and livestock management plan.

2.3 Photos de l'approche

Galerie Médias

Remarques générales concernant les photos:

By visualizing the process of rehabilitation of the degraded pasture compared to the one which is not fenced, it is clearly demonstrated in a short period of time how effective it is to control grazing. In the pasture area which is overgrazed by community, the grazing is now banned in the degraded area. The area is fenced and trees are planted inside to stabilize the land.

2.5 Pays/ région/ lieux où l'Approche a été appliquée

Pays:

Tadjikistan

Région/ Etat/ Province:

Central Asia/Tajikistan/Rasht Valley

Autres spécifications du lieu :

Sub-ordinate district of the republic

Aperçu de la carte

2.6 Dates de début et de fin de l'Approche

Si l'année précise est inconnue, indiquez approximativement quand l'Approche a démarré:

il y a moins de 10 ans (récemment)

2.7 Type d'Approche

  • initiative/ innovation récente locale

2.8 Principaux objectifs de l'Approche

The main objective to use this approach is to raise awareness of the community members on the cause of overgrazing and demonstrating the technique of rehabilitation and sustainable use of pasture through effective pasture rotations.

2.9 Conditions favorisant ou entravant la mise en œuvre de la(des) Technologie(s) appliquée(s) sous l'Approche

normes et valeurs sociales/ culturelles/ religieuses
  • favorise

There are no obstacles from any norms to contribute to the sustainable use of the natural resource. The religious and cultural norms are motivating sustainable use of pasture resource, especially the religious norms considering the nature as a gift from heaven.

disponibilité/ accès aux ressources et services financiers
  • entrave

Access to materials for fencing the big area of land in other communities for replication can be problematic.
Moreover, pasture land is considered as common community resource, therefore there are less incentives for investing financial resources.

gouvernance foncière (prise de décisions, mise en œuvre et application des décisions)
  • favorise

The approach motivates ownerships interest over land resources and demonstrates the private interest in protection and rehabilitation of the land resource.

connaissances sur la GDT, accès aux supports techniques
  • favorise

The approachnot is not very technically, just simple fencing which is applied in all aspects by community.

charge de travail, disponibilité de la main-d'œuvre
  • entrave

Because of high rate of migration of youth there is not enough manpower available in these rural areas, which is making it difficult for older generation to work in the field.

3. Participation et rôles des parties prenantes impliquées dans l'Approche

3.1 Parties prenantes impliquées dans l'Approche et rôles

  • exploitants locaux des terres / communautés locales

members of dehkan/peasant farms, land owners

to serve as manpower to fence and protect from herds encroachment into the plot

  • organisations communautaires

village organizations

organize and mobilize communities to learn from the demonstration and incentives to establish similar plots into their pasture areas.

  • chercheurs

from university

to observe the process of rehabilitation and the trends of degradation prevention

  • gouvernement local

land committee, environmental protection committee

support by providing land title over the land plot and provide incentive for rehabilitation of such degraded lands

3.2 Participation des exploitants locaux des terres/ communautés locales aux différentes phases de l'Approche
Participation des exploitants locaux des terres/ communautés locales Spécifiez qui était impliqué et décrivez les activités
initiation/ motivation passive Community members that grazed in the area and did not have official ownership over the land were not very interested in rehabilitation of the degraded lands, as they have other open areas for grazing.
planification passive The community is not very much aware of the effect and impact of approach in contributing into the prevention of degradation.
mise en œuvre interactive External support from project motivates community members to work by themselves and to follow up on the process.
suivi/ évaluation interactive During the monitoring by project staff, community members were interested to learn and observe the rehabilitation process.

3.4 Prises de décision pour la sélection de la Technologie/ des Technologies

Indiquez qui a décidé de la sélection de la Technologie/ des Technologies à mettre en œuvre:
  • principalement les spécialistes de la GDT, après consultation des exploitants des terres
Expliquez:

The process is discussed during the planning process and followed by an agreement to test for demonstration.

Spécifiez sur quelle base ont été prises les décisions:
  • expériences et opinions personnelles (non documentées)

4. Soutien technique, renforcement des capacités et gestion des connaissances

4.1 Renforcement des capacités/ formation

Une formation a-t-elle été dispensée aux exploitants des terres/ autres parties prenantes?

Oui

Spécifiez qui a été formé:
  • exploitants des terres
Si pertinent, spécifiez le genre, l'âge, le statut, l'ethnie, etc.

Mainly men, who were involved in the grazing of animal participated in the trainings.

Formats de la formation:
  • sur le tas
Thèmes abordés:

Pasture management techniques on how to graze; the impact of overgrazing; how to protect pasture; carrying capacity of pasture.

4.2 Service de conseils

Les exploitants des terres ont-ils accès à un service de conseils?

Oui

Spécifiez si le service de conseils est fourni:
  • dans les champs des exploitants?
Décrivez/ commentez:

During the field visit technical support and recommendation were provided to land users.

4.3 Renforcement des institutions (développement organisationnel)

Des institutions ont elles été mises en place ou renforcées par le biais de l'Approche?
  • non

4.4 Suivi et évaluation

Le suivi et l'évaluation font ils partie de l'Approche? :

Oui

Commentaires:

Monitoring of the approach from time to time shows the clear result of the approach effects. During monitoring, project technical staff checked the progress and evaluated the results on how the situation changed with applying the approach. The difference was reflected in the progress reports and also shared with land users to better understand the approach implementation results.

Si oui, ce document est-il destiné à être utilisé pour le suivi et l'évaluation?

Non

4.5 Recherche

La recherche a-t-elle fait partie intégrante de l’Approche?

Non

5. Financement et soutien matériel externe

5.1 Budget annuel de la composante GDT de l'Approche

Indiquez le budget annuel de la composante GDT de l'Approche en $ US:

1200,00

Commentez (par ex. principales sources de financement/ principaux bailleurs de fonds):

ELMARL project, funded by World Bank and implemented by Committee on Environmental Protection

5.2 Soutiens financiers/ matériels fournis aux exploitants des terres

Les exploitants des terres ont-ils reçu un soutien financier/ matériel pour la mise en œuvre de la Technologie/ des Technologies?

Oui

Si oui, spécifiez le(s) type(s) de soutien, les conditions et les fournisseurs:

The project is funded by SDC, implemented by MSDSP and materials for fencing (nets, columns etc,.) were provided under this project to community.

5.3 Subventions pour des intrants spécifiques (incluant la main d'œuvre)

  • matériaux de construction
Spécifiez les intrants subventionnés Dans quelle mesure Spécifiez les subventions
net for fencing entièrement financé fencing materials (nets, columns for fixing the net) was provided to fence the area around
Si la main d'œuvre fournie par les exploitants des terres était un intrant substantiel, elle était:
  • volontaire

5.4 Crédits

Des crédits ont-ils été alloués à travers l'Approche pour les activités de GDT?

Non

5.5 Autres incitations ou instruments

D'autres incitations ou instruments ont-ils été utilisés pour promouvoir la mise en œuvre des Technologies de GDT?

Non

6. Analyses d'impact et conclusions

6.1 Impacts de l'Approche

Est-ce que l'Approche a autonomisé les exploitants locaux des terres, amélioré la participation des parties prenantes?
  • Non
  • Oui, un peu
  • Oui, modérément
  • Oui, beaucoup

Land users learnt how effective the approach can contribute to the rehabilitation of degraded pasture area as a result of overgrazing.

Est-ce que l'Approche a aidé les exploitants des terres à mettre en œuvre et entretenir les Technologies de GDT?
  • Non
  • Oui, un peu
  • Oui, modérément
  • Oui, beaucoup

Simple technology of fencing was applied to demonstrate the effect of the chosen approach.

Est-ce que l'Approche a amélioré l'égalité entre hommes et femmes et autonomisé les femmes et les filles?
  • Non
  • Oui, un peu
  • Oui, modérément
  • Oui, beaucoup

Women/girls who are mainly responsible for fodder provision to livestock appreciate the approach, because it can easily can easily help to provide big amounts of fodder.

Est-ce que l'Approche a amélioré les questions foncières et des droits d'utilisation qui entravent la mise en œuvre des Technologies?
  • Non
  • Oui, un peu
  • Oui, modérément
  • Oui, beaucoup

Those community members who do not own land are provided with incentives to get access to the those land abandoned and overgrazed. They are supported by the fencing project to rehabilitate and cultivate additional fodder crops.

Est-ce que l'Approche a amélioré la capacité des exploitants des terres à s'adapter aux changements/ extrêmes climatiques et a atténué les catastrophes liées au climat?
  • Non
  • Oui, un peu
  • Oui, modérément
  • Oui, beaucoup

The approach motivates land users to rehabilitate degraded pastures, which also prevents natural hazards and improve carbon sequestration.

Est-ce que l'Approche a conduit à des emplois, des opportunités de revenus?
  • Non
  • Oui, un peu
  • Oui, modérément
  • Oui, beaucoup

Through improving land conditions fodder was collected from the area, which brought additional income as the need to buy additional fodder for livestock was lowered.

6.2 Principale motivation des exploitants des terres pour mettre en œuvre la GDT

  • augmenter la production

increased fodder production

  • augmenter la rentabilité/ bénéfice, rapport coûts-bénéfices

improved livestock conditions and profit from selling livestock products

  • réduire la dégradation des terres

After fencing and controlling the grazing the grass started to grow and slowly the land was rehabilitated.

  • réduire les risques de catastrophe

In the slopes area, where grazing was prevented the land cover (grass-biomass) improved and stabilized the slopes.

  • améliorer les connaissances et compétences en GDT

Through field days knowledge on use of SLM improved and applied in other communities.

6.3 Durabilité des activités de l'Approche

Les exploitants des terres peuvent-ils poursuivre ce qui a été mis en œuvre par le biais de l'Approche (sans soutien extérieur)?
  • oui
Si oui, décrivez de quelle manière:

When land users knowledge and understanding improved on how controlled grazing can contribute to pasture rehabilitation they started to apply the approach in a bigger pasture area. After the approach showed good results the community started to consider rotational grazing in their pasture and livestock management plan, which the community develops every year.

6.4 Points forts/ avantages de l'Approche

Points forts/ avantages/ possibilités du point de vue de l'exploitant des terres
rehabilitation of the pasture
clear demonstration of results in a short period of time
Points forts/ avantages/ possibilités du point de vue du compilateur ou d'une autre personne ressource clé
demonstrates results in a short term
affordable to demonstrate in different areas
easily replicable, cost effective

6.5 Faiblesses/ inconvénients de l'Approche et moyens de les surmonter

Faiblesses/ inconvénients/ risques du point de vue du compilateur ou d'une autre personne ressource clé Comment peuvent-ils être surmontés?
Failure because of other external shocks may results in land users not perceiving the approach . should be well documented to show the effect

7. Références et liens

7.1 Méthodes/ sources d'information

  • visites de terrain, enquêtes sur le terrain

During peer reviews, the condition of the land fenced was found to be very attractive compared to the previous, when used openly.

  • interviews/entretiens avec les exploitants des terres

2

  • compilation à partir de rapports et d'autres documents existants

one

7.2 Références des publications disponibles

Titre, auteur, année, ISBN:

Zevarshoev Askarsho, SLM specialist, 2016

Disponible à partir d'où? Coût?

upon request, free of charge

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