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Mucuna value-addition for female farmers [Kenya]

Création : 14 mars 2023 04:28
Mise à jour : 3 juil. 2023 12:25
Compilateur : William Akwanyi
Rédacteurs : George Onyango, Innocent Faith, Noel Templer
Examinateurs : William Critchley, Rima Mekdaschi Studer

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approaches_6684 - Kenya

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1. Informations générales

1.2 Coordonnées des personnes-ressources et des institutions impliquées dans l'évaluation et la documentation de l'Approche

Personne(s) ressource(s) clé(s)

exploitant des terres:

Asievela Rebecca

+254 714 890016 / +254 731 265120

rebecca.asievela@gmail.com / N/A

Welthungerhilfe farmer

Rebecca Asievela's farm in Emachina Village, Koyonzo Ward, Matungu Sub-county, Kakamega County

Kenya

Spécialiste GDT:

George Onyango

Spécialiste GDT:

Innocent Faith

Nom du projet qui a facilité la documentation/ l'évaluation de l'Approche (si pertinent)

Soil protection and rehabilitation for food security (ProSo(i)l)

Nom du ou des institutions qui ont facilité la documentation/ l'évaluation de l'Approche (si pertinent)

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ)

Nom du ou des institutions qui ont facilité la documentation/ l'évaluation de l'Approche (si pertinent)

Alliance Bioversity and International Center for Tropical Agriculture (Alliance Bioversity-CIAT) - Kenya

1.3 Conditions relatives à l'utilisation par WOCAT des données documentées

Quand les données ont-elles été compilées (sur le terrain)?

28/01/2023

Le compilateur et la(les) personne(s) ressource(s) acceptent les conditions relatives à l'utilisation par WOCAT des données documentées:

Oui

1.4 Références au(x) questionnaire(s) sur les Technologies de GDT

2. Description de l'Approche de GDT

2.1 Courte description de l'Approche

Promoting mucuna seed processing for food and nutrition security and income generation encourages women farmers to plant mucuna as a cover crop that improves soil productivity.

2.2 Description détaillée de l'Approche

Description détaillée de l'Approche:

Mucuna pruriens (velvet bean) is tropical legume that is widely known for its ability to rehabilitate soils by increasing organic matter. Unlike many other legumes of the bean family, mucuna seeds (beans) are not very palatable. In addition, raw and unprepared mucuna beans can cause severe digestive disorders. However, due to its emerging health and economic benefits, many farmers are now adopting the crop. Consequently, the crop is simultaneously helping in soil conservation by controlling soil erosion and improving soil structure alongside suppressing weeds.

Promoting the economic benefits of mucuna through value addition is a key factor in ensuring farmers adopt mucuna as a conservation agriculture crop. Mucuna value addition involves various stages of beans preparation/ treatment aimed at reducing the potential of L-DOPA toxicity. The ProSoil project promoted the uptake of mucuna as a green manure cover crop by training farmers on mucuna bean value-addition. In Matungu area of Kakamega County, Kenya, the ProSoil project partnered with a local farmer-based self-help group, Tunza Udongo Self Help Group [‘tunza udongo’ is a Kiswahili phrase for ‘take care of the soil’] which facilitated the convening women farmers. The project facilitated specialists in mucuna value addition from the Ministry of Agriculture who trained the farmers.

To spread this approach, the trained farmers train other farmers. In addition to the training in mucuna value-addition, the farmers were informed about the ecological and economic importance of mucuna and its propagation. The ProSoil project (GIZ and WHH) and Ministry of Agriculture invite the farmers to events such as farmer field days where they can exhibit different products from mucuna, network, and link up with potential markets. On the other hand, Tunza Udongo Self Help plays an important role in collective marketing.

One aim of promoting mucuna value addition is to increase its uptake by farmers as a green manure cover crop which is an important measure in conservation agriculture. Mucuna beans preparation is a domestic chore equivalent to other chores that are traditionally performed by women. Consequently, the entire farming household benefits from the income from the sale of mucuna products (skin free beans, flour, beverage, and baked products). The prices of these products vary in time and space depending on the availability of and demand for the products. However, the average prices are KES 100.00 per kg of skin free beans, KES 120.00 per kg of flour, and KES 150.00 per kg of beverage. Farmers also sell unprocessed mucuna beans as seed at KES 100.00 – 200.00 per kg depending on the availability of, and demand for, the seeds.

2.3 Photos de l'approche

Galerie Médias

Remarques générales concernant les photos:

Processing of mucuna beans only requires equipment that are available in most households.

2.4 Vidéos de l'Approche

Commentaire, brève description:

https://vimeo.com/manage/videos/807802820/privacy

Winnowing boiled and sun-dried mucuna beans to remove skin.

Date:

28/01/2023

Lieu:

Rebecca Asievela's farm in Emachina Village, Koyonzo Ward, Matungu Sub-county, Kakamega County

Nom du vidéaste:

William Akwanyi

2.5 Pays/ région/ lieux où l'Approche a été appliquée

Pays:

Kenya

Région/ Etat/ Province:

Kakamega County in western Kenya

Autres spécifications du lieu :

Emachina Village, Ejinja Sub-location, Koyonzo Location, Koyonzo Ward, Matungu Sub-county

Commentaires:

GPS coordinates collected at the farm are 0.425487, 34.460523,

2.6 Dates de début et de fin de l'Approche

Indiquez l'année de démarrage:

2019

Commentaires:

The approach is still being applied as many farmers are continuing to add value to mucuna and selling the products.

2.7 Type d'Approche

fondé sur un projet/ programme

2.8 Principaux objectifs de l'Approche

To increase its farmers' uptake of mucuna as a green manure cover crop which is an important measure in conservation agriculture.

2.9 Conditions favorisant ou entravant la mise en œuvre de la(des) Technologie(s) appliquée(s) sous l'Approche

normes et valeurs sociales/ culturelles/ religieuses

favorise

Perceived health benefits of mucuna and food and nutritional value.

collaboration/ coordination des acteurs

favorise

Market linkages by GIZ and Welthungerhilfe partners.

gouvernance foncière (prise de décisions, mise en œuvre et application des décisions)

favorise

Like many other crops of the bean family, mucuna is entirely managed by women.

connaissances sur la GDT, accès aux supports techniques

favorise

Training by Welthungerhilfe specialists.

marchés (pour acheter les intrants, vendre les produits) et prix

favorise

Availability of market as a result of increasing demand for mucuna products due to perceived health benefits of mucuna.

charge de travail, disponibilité de la main-d'œuvre

favorise

Processing requires equipment that are commonly available in most households.

entrave

Processing of mucuna beans is labour intensive.

autre

favorise

Githeri is Kenyan traditional meal, especially in Central Kenya. Adding processed mucuna beans to githeri makes it appealing. This is a motivation for many farmers to adopt mucuna.

3. Participation et rôles des parties prenantes impliquées dans l'Approche

3.1 Parties prenantes impliquées dans l'Approche et rôles

exploitants locaux des terres / communautés locales

The farmers in the area who are mostly small-scale farmers due to the small parcels of land. Women farmers constituted 75%.

Mucuna value addition is a domestic chore equivalent to other women centric domestic chores that are traditionally performed by women. Hence, commonly done by women who are targeted by the value addition. However, the end result benefits the entire farming household.

organisations communautaires

Tunza Udongo Self-Help Group

Convening farmers for training.

Spécialistes de la GDT/ conseillers agricoles

GIZ ProSoil project SLM specialists and specialists from the implementing partner, Welthungerhilfe.

Provided technical advice to the farmers on how to process mucuna as a way of encouraging households to adopt mucuna as a green manure cover crop.

gouvernement local

Extension staff from the county department of agriculture

Training farmers

organisation internationale

GIZ

Financial support to the technical team and farmers during capacity building.

Si plusieurs parties prenantes sont impliquées, indiquez l'organisme chef de file ou l'institution responsable:

GIZ

3.2 Participation des exploitants locaux des terres/ communautés locales aux différentes phases de l'Approche

	Participation des exploitants locaux des terres/ communautés locales	Spécifiez qui était impliqué et décrivez les activités
initiation/ motivation	auto-mobilisation	Farmers involved in the training on mucuna value addition.
planification	interactive	Farmers consulted on where and when to conduct trainings and demonstrate mucuna value-addition.
mise en œuvre	auto-mobilisation	Each farmer processes his/ her own mucuna and decides on whether or not to sell the surplus products. Farmers look for their own markets. GIZ and Welthungerhilfe may link farmers to potential buyers.
suivi/ évaluation	passive	Interviews with implementing farmers.
	aucun

3.3 Diagramme/ organigramme (si disponible)

Description:

The ProSoil Project consists of GIZ and the implementing partners in this case Welthungerhilfe (WHH). The project provides financial support to farmers through their groups for convening farmers for the trainings. The farmers are trained by technical staff from the County Ministry of Agriculture and sometimes by specialists from the ProSoil project. The county technical staff (trainers) are paid by the project through either GIZ or WHH.

Auteur:

William Akwanyi

3.4 Prises de décision pour la sélection de la Technologie/ des Technologies

Indiquez qui a décidé de la sélection de la Technologie/ des Technologies à mettre en œuvre:

principalement les exploitants des terres soutenus par des spécialistes de la GDT

Expliquez:

Decisions on what products to produce from mucuna were made mainly by land users supported by SLM specialists.

Spécifiez sur quelle base ont été prises les décisions:

l'évaluation de connaissances bien documentées en matière de GDT (prises de décision fondées sur des preuves tangibles)?
expériences et opinions personnelles (non documentées)

4. Soutien technique, renforcement des capacités et gestion des connaissances

4.1 Renforcement des capacités/ formation

Une formation a-t-elle été dispensée aux exploitants des terres/ autres parties prenantes?

Oui

Spécifiez qui a été formé:

exploitants des terres
personnels/ conseillers de terrain

Agriculture extension officers from the county department of agriculture

Si pertinent, spécifiez le genre, l'âge, le statut, l'ethnie, etc.

Both men and women farmers, agriculture extension officers from the county department of agriculture, and project field staff (GIZ and WHH) were trained on mucuna value addition. The women constituted over 75% of the farmer trainees.

Formats de la formation:

entre agriculteurs (d'exploitants à exploitants)
zones de démonstration
cours

Thèmes abordés:

1. Agronomic practices for mucuna
2. Harvesting and post-harvest handling of mucuna beans
3. Processing of mucuna beans
4. Value addition to mucuna beans
5. Packaging of mucuna products
6. Marketing of mucuna products

Commentaires:

Welthungerhilfe facilitated a consultant to train of agriculture extension officers from the county department of agriculture, especially agroeconomists. The trained officers later trained the farmers in groups. The trained farmers have been training other farmers through farmer-to-farmer peer learning approach.

4.2 Service de conseils

Les exploitants des terres ont-ils accès à un service de conseils?

Oui

Spécifiez si le service de conseils est fourni:

dans les champs des exploitants?

Specific locations where the farmers interact with the technical officers

Décrivez/ commentez:

Technical officers advise farmers at their homesteads whenever they visit them. Meetings are held on needs basis between farmers and the technical officers where pieces of advice are given to farmers.

4.3 Renforcement des institutions (développement organisationnel)

Des institutions ont elles été mises en place ou renforcées par le biais de l'Approche?

oui, un peu

Spécifiez à quel(s) niveau(x), ces institutions ont été renforcées ou mises en place:

local

Décrivez l'institution, ses rôles et responsabilités, ses membres, etc.

Farmer groups, groups promote farmer-to-farmer peer learning.

Précisez le type de soutien:

renforcement des capacités/ formation

Donnez plus de détails:

Knowledge on how to market their products.

4.4 Suivi et évaluation

Le suivi et l'évaluation font ils partie de l'Approche? :

Oui

Commentaires:

The ProSoil project (GIZ and Welthungerhilfe) and the County Department of Agriculture regularly follows up with farmers to check on the implementation of technologies promoted under this approach through annual surveys involving key informant interviews (KII), focus group discussions (FGDs), and household surveys.

Si oui, ce document est-il destiné à être utilisé pour le suivi et l'évaluation?

Non

Commentaires:

This documentation in intended for keeping a record of SLM technologies and approaches.

4.5 Recherche

La recherche a-t-elle fait partie intégrante de l’Approche?

Non

5. Financement et soutien matériel externe

6. Analyses d'impact et conclusions

6.1 Impacts de l'Approche

Est-ce que l'Approche a permis la prise de décisions fondées sur des données probantes?

Non
Oui, un peu
Oui, modérément
Oui, beaucoup

As a result of the economic value of mucuna i.e., sale of mucuna products for income, farmers made the decision to plant mucuna on their farms.

Est-ce que l'Approche a aidé les exploitants des terres à mettre en œuvre et entretenir les Technologies de GDT?

Non
Oui, un peu
Oui, modérément
Oui, beaucoup

Income generated from sell of value-added mucuna product motivated farmers to plant mucuna which is a green manure permanent soil cover crop.

Est-ce que l'Approche a amélioré les connaissances et les capacités des exploitants des terres pour mettre en œuvre la GDT?

Non
Oui, un peu
Oui, modérément
Oui, beaucoup

Farmers were trained on agronomic practices for mucuna, hence improving their knowledge of using mucuna as a cover crop in conservation agriculture.

Est-ce que l'Approche a autonomisé les groupes socialement et économiquement défavorisés?

Non
Oui, un peu
Oui, modérément
Oui, beaucoup

Women often have very little control over land-use, but they are able to plant mucuna even on very small pieces of land for and sell its products for income.

Est-ce que l'Approche a amélioré l'égalité entre hommes et femmes et autonomisé les femmes et les filles?

Non
Oui, un peu
Oui, modérément
Oui, beaucoup

Women were able to plant mucuna even on very small pieces of land for and sell its products for income.

Est-ce que l'Approche a encouragé les jeunes/ la prochaine génération d'exploitants des terres à s'engager dans la GDT?

Non
Oui, un peu
Oui, modérément
Oui, beaucoup

Income generated from sell of mucuna products is amotivation for young people to plant mucuna.

Est-ce que l'Approche a conduit à améliorer la sécurité alimentaire et/ou la nutrition?

Non
Oui, un peu
Oui, modérément
Oui, beaucoup

Mucuna beans can be processed into various food products - flour for baking bread, edible beans, and beverage. The farmer reported that she has experienced positive well-being since she started eating mucuna products. She stated that mucuna can be used to treat various diseases, including ulcers, arthritis, and blood pressure problems.

Est-ce que l'Approche a amélioré la capacité des exploitants des terres à s'adapter aux changements/ extrêmes climatiques et a atténué les catastrophes liées au climat?

Non
Oui, un peu
Oui, modérément
Oui, beaucoup

Farmers plant mucuna as a cover crop to prevent water lost from their soils.

6.2 Principale motivation des exploitants des terres pour mettre en œuvre la GDT

augmenter la production

Mucuna increases nitrogen and organic matter in the soil, hence improved crop production.

augmenter la rentabilité/ bénéfice, rapport coûts-bénéfices

Mucuna is integrated with other crops, especially maize hence increasing the profit of the land. The income generated from sell of mucuna products increases farm profitability.

réduire la dégradation des terres

Mucuna as a cover crop reduces soil erosion.

améliorer les connaissances et compétences en GDT

Farmers have enhanced their knowledge of mucuna value addition. They also train other farmers.

6.3 Durabilité des activités de l'Approche

Les exploitants des terres peuvent-ils poursuivre ce qui a été mis en œuvre par le biais de l'Approche (sans soutien extérieur)?

Si oui, décrivez de quelle manière:

Farmers produce their own mucuna seed and use the surplus beans as food or process them into different products. Mucuna is a perennial crop and farmers are able to retain it in the farm for more than one season. The farmers are also motivated to continue planting mucuna and producing different products for sell.

6.4 Points forts/ avantages de l'Approche

Points forts/ avantages/ possibilités du point de vue de l'exploitant des terres
It is an income generating activity.
Keeps people busy at home while at the same time generating income.
Mucuna has several health benefits.

Points forts/ avantages/ possibilités du point de vue du compilateur ou d'une autre personne ressource clé
Improves livelihoods of the land users.
Yields are often high. Hence, the beans for value addition are available.
Growing market due to increasing awareness about the value of the crop.

6.5 Faiblesses/ inconvénients de l'Approche et moyens de les surmonter

Faiblesses/ inconvénients/ risques du point de vue de l’exploitant des terres	Comment peuvent-ils être surmontés?
Labour intensive	Commitment and proper planning of farm work.
A lot of fuel required to boil the beans.	Farmers to incorporate agroforestry trees at their farms as a source of firewood.

Faiblesses/ inconvénients/ risques du point de vue du compilateur ou d'une autre personne ressource clé	Comment peuvent-ils être surmontés?
Consumption rate is low due to its low palatability. At the same time, it is consumed in small quantities.	Expand the market through market research.
Fear of L-DOPA poisoning.	Increase awareness about processing mucuna before consumption.

7. Références et liens

7.1 Méthodes/ sources d'information

visites de terrain, enquêtes sur le terrain

One field visit to the land user.

interviews/entretiens avec les exploitants des terres

One on-farm interview and follow-up calls with the land user.

interviews/ entretiens avec les spécialistes/ experts de GDT

Interview with Welthungerhilfe SLM specialist and several follow-up calls.

compilation à partir de rapports et d'autres documents existants

Online literature sources reviewed.

7.2 Références des publications disponibles

Titre, auteur, année, ISBN:

Promoting Mucuna Beans Production for Soil Rehabilitation, Incomes, Food and Nutrition Security in Kenya, by Mary Stella Wabwoba and Kenneth Mutoro, 2019, ISSN: 2644-2981

Disponible à partir d'où? Coût?

Free download at https://irispublishers.com/gjnfs/fulltext/promoting-mucuna-beans-production-for-soil-rehabilitation-incomes-food-and-nutrition-security.ID.000543.php

7.3 Liens vers les informations pertinentes disponibles en ligne

Titre/ description:

Processing of Mucuna for Human Food in the Republic of Guinea

URL:

https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/939/93911288020.pdf

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