1.2 Coordonnées des personnes-ressources et des institutions impliquées dans l'évaluation et la documentation de la Technologie

Nom du ou des institutions qui ont facilité la documentation/ l'évaluation de la Technologie (si pertinent)

Bureau of Soils and Water Management (Bureau of Soils and Water Management) - Philippines

1.3 Conditions relatives à l'utilisation par WOCAT des données documentées

Quand les données ont-elles été compilées (sur le terrain)?

19/01/2006

Le compilateur et la(les) personne(s) ressource(s) acceptent les conditions relatives à l'utilisation par WOCAT des données documentées:

Oui

2.1 Courte description de la Technologie

Définition de la Technologie:

Planting of herbaceous plants or trees along property boundaries to serve as windbreaks and as sources of fodder and fuel

2.2 Description détaillée de la Technologie

Description:

The main characteristic of the technology is the planting of herbaceous crops, grasses or trees along property boundaries. The grasses and herbs are occassionally cut and served as fodder or fuel. The trees are allowed to grow up to maturity which will then be felled for timber (construction) or for boat making. With time, especially when trees are used for boudary planting, individual fields look like boxes from the air. The choice of plants between two adjacent farms is agreed upon by the two landowner.

Purpose of the Technology: The boundary planting serves as windbreak to protect agricultural crops from wind damage. Other uses are fodder and fuelwood. The planting especially when done along the contours also trapped eroded soil from the upper portions of the field.

Establishment / maintenance activities and inputs: Planting is done once. The herbs and grasses are regularly cut to serve as animal feed. Trees are allowed to grow to maturity. Dead branches are gathered to be used as fuel.

Natural / human environment: The area where the technology is applied is frequently visited by typhoons. The climate is maritime and even at times when there are no typhoons, wind speed is still strong enough to cause damage to crops. Susceptibility to wind damage is further agravated by the nature of the terrain which is mostly hilly.

2.3 Photos de la Technologie

2.5 Pays/ région/ lieux où la Technologie a été appliquée et qui sont couverts par cette évaluation

3.2 Type(s) actuel(s) d'utilisation des terres, là où la Technologie est appliquée

Commentaires:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): Crop damage due to frequent typhoons and strong winds.

Major land use problems (land users’ perception): Low crop yield due to wind damage, poor crop quality and lack of market.

Type of cropping system and major crops comments: Corn, garlic or root crops are grown in separate fields. Corn is planted in December; garlic in September and rootcrops in July.

3.3 Informations complémentaires sur l'utilisation des terres

Approvisionnement en eau des terres sur lesquelles est appliquée la Technologie:

• pluvial

Précisez:

Longest growing period in days: 180Longest growing period from month to month: May - Dec

3.4 Groupe de GDT auquel appartient la Technologie

• brise-vent/ plantations abris

3.5 Diffusion de la Technologie

Spécifiez la diffusion de la Technologie:

• répartie uniformément sur une zone

Si la Technologie est uniformément répartie sur une zone, indiquez la superficie couverte approximative:

• 10-100 km2

3.6 Mesures de GDT constituant la Technologie

3.7 Principaux types de dégradation des terres traités par la Technologie

Commentaires:

Main type of degradation addressed: Et: loss of topsoil

Secondary types of degradation addressed: Wt: loss of topsoil / surface erosion

4.2 Spécification/ explications techniques du dessin technique

Technical knowledge required for field staff / advisors: moderate

Technical knowledge required for land users: moderate

Main technical functions: reduction in wind speed

Secondary technical functions: reduction of slope length, improvement of ground cover

In blocks
Vegetative material: T : trees / shrubs, C : perennial crops, G : grass
Vertical interval within rows / strips / blocks (m): 3, 5, 0.5

Trees/ shrubs species: Mahogany, native shrubs

Perennial crops species: Coconut

Grass species: Napier

4.3 Informations générales sur le calcul des intrants et des coûts

4.4 Activités de mise en place/ d'établissement

	Activité	Type de mesures	Calendrier
1.	Seedling/planting	Végétale	beginning of rainy season

4.5 Coûts et intrants nécessaires à la mise en place

Commentaires:

Duration of establishment phase: 2 month(s)

4.6 Activités d'entretien/ récurrentes

	Activité	Type de mesures	Calendrier/ fréquence
1.	Removal of dead branches (trees)	Végétale	/twice a year
2.	Cutting (grass)	Végétale	/every two months

4.8 Facteurs les plus importants affectant les coûts

Décrivez les facteurs les plus importants affectant les coûts :

Perimeter length (m) of area to be treated/planted.

5.1 Climat

5.2 Topographie

Commentaires et précisions supplémentaires sur la topographie:

Altitudinal zones: 0-100m a.s.l. (hills range from 70 to 270 meters altitude)
Landforms: hill slopes (slopes are gentle and gradual )

5.3 Sols

Si disponible, joignez une description complète du sol ou précisez les informations disponibles, par ex., type de sol, pH/ acidité du sol, capacité d'échange cationique, azote, salinité, etc.

Soil fertility is medium: (1 to 2 years fallow period improves soil fertility)
Topsoil organic matter: 1-3% (Average O.M. content is 2 .0 percent)
Soil drainage is good to medium: (Medium only in depressions)
Soil water sotrage is medium: (soil is deep)

5.6 Caractéristiques des exploitants des terres appliquant la Technologie

Indiquez toute autre caractéristique pertinente des exploitants des terres:

Population density: 10-50 persons/km2

10% of the land users are very rich and own 5% of the land.
20% of the land users are rich and own 5% of the land.
5% of the land users are average wealthy and own 8% of the land.
60% of the land users are poor and own 80% of the land.

Off-farm income specification: Fishing

Level of mechanization: animal traction: Plowing, harrowing, furrowing

Market orientation: Market is practically non-existent

5.7 Superficie moyenne des terres détenues ou louées par les exploitants appliquant la Technologie

6.1 Impacts sur site que la Technologie a montrés

Impacts socio-économiques

Production

Revenus et coûts

Impacts socioculturels

Impacts écologiques

Cycle de l'eau/ ruissellement

Sols

Réduction des risques de catastrophe et des risques climatiques

Autres impacts écologiques

6.2 Impacts hors site que la Technologie a montrés

6.4 Analyse coûts-bénéfices

Quels sont les bénéfices comparativement aux coûts de mise en place (du point de vue des exploitants des terres)?

Quels sont les bénéfices comparativement aux coûts d'entretien récurrents (du point de vue des exploitants des terres)?

6.5 Adoption de la Technologie

Commentaires:

100% of land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material support

200 land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material support

Comments on spontaneous adoption: estimates

There is a little trend towards spontaneous adoption of the Technology

Comments on adoption trend: Almost all the agricultural areas have adopted the technology

6.7 Points forts/ avantages/ possibilités de la Technologie

Points forts/ avantages/ possibilités du point de vue de l'exploitant des terres
Low maintenance cost How can they be sustained / enhanced? Frequent removal of unnecessary foliage
Protect crops from wind damage How can they be sustained / enhanced? Maintenance of canopy and foliage
Improves soil fertility How can they be sustained / enhanced? Use vegetative parts as mulch.

Points forts/ avantages/ possibilités du point de vue du compilateur ou d'une autre personne ressource clé
Easy to establish and maintain How can they be sustained / enhanced? Encourage adoption for other land users
Provides other benefits such as fodder and fuelwood. How can they be sustained / enhanced? Frequent cutting in the case of reeds/grasses to stimulate new growth.
Provides residue for organic matter build-up How can they be sustained / enhanced? Frequent cutting and spreading of vegetative parts
Trap for eroded soil How can they be sustained / enhanced? Close-spacing of trees and grass
Good for eco-tourism How can they be sustained / enhanced? Aggressive promotion and marketing

6.8 Faiblesses/ inconvénients/ risques de la Technologie et moyens de les surmonter

Faiblesses/ inconvénients/ risques du point de vue de l’exploitant des terres	Comment peuvent-ils être surmontés?
Competition with crops for space	Use narrower strips for hedgerows
Shading effect of trees	Planting of "taro" in shaded area. Frequent cutting of branches

Faiblesses/ inconvénients/ risques du point de vue du compilateur ou d'une autre personne ressource clé	Comment peuvent-ils être surmontés?
Loss of space for crops	Use narrower strips for windbreaks
Possible sanctuary for pests	Practice integrated pest management
Shading effect in the case of tree windbreaks	Use of shade tolerant crops. Trees should be pruned regularly.