1.2 ລາຍລະອຽດ ການຕິດຕໍ່ ຂອງບຸກຄົນທີ່ຊັບພະຍາກອນ ແລະ ສະຖາບັນ ການມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມ ໃນການປະເມີນຜົນ ແລະ ເອກະສານ ຂອງວິທີທາງ

ຊື່ຂອງໂຄງການ ທີ່ອໍານວຍຄວາມສະດວກ ໃນການສ້າງເອກກະສານ ຫຼື ປະເມີນດ້ານແນວທາງ (ຖ້າກ່ຽວຂ້ອງ)

Irrigation Projects in the Niger Inland Delta (IPRO-DI)

ຊື່ຂອງ ສະຖາບັນການຈັດຕັ້ງ ທີ່ອໍານວຍຄວາມສະດວກ ໃນການສ້າງເອກກະສານ ຫຼື ປະເມີນແນວທາງ (ຖ້າກ່ຽວຂ້ອງ)

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH (GIZ) - ເຢຍລະມັນ

1.3 ເງື່ອນໄຂ ຂອງການນໍາໃຊ້ເອກກະສານຂໍ້ມູນ ຂອງ WOCAT

ເມື່ອໃດທີ່ໄດ້ສັງລວມຂໍ້ມູນ (ຢູ່ພາກສະໜາມ)?

01/07/2012

ຜູ້ສັງລວມ ແລະ ບັນດາຜູ້ຕອບແບບສອບຖາມ ຍອມຮັບໃນເງື່ອນໄຂ ການນໍາໃຊ້ຂໍ້ມູນເອກະສານ ທີ່ສ້າງຂື້ນ ໂດຍຜ່ານ ອົງການ WOCAT:

ແມ່ນ

2.1 ການອະທິບາຍ ໂດຍຫຍໍ້ ຂອງວິທີທາງ

Applying modern technologies in the design, monitoring and evaluation of village irrigation schemes (VISs) and floodplain depression ponds.

2.2 ການອະທິບາຍ ລາຍລະອຽດ ຂອງວິທີທາງ

ການອະທິບາຍ ລາຍລະອຽດ ຂອງວິທີທາງ:

This practice involves applying modern technologies in the design, monitoring and evaluation of village irrigation schemes (VISs) and floodplain depression ponds.
To summarise, it involves the following technologies and procedures: 1) The application of total stations for topographical studies, which enables: the creation of a digital model of the study area to facilitate the study of topographical characteristics, differences in levels, depressions, mounds, etc.; georeferencing, which makes it possible to integrate the site and the proposed design into a geographic information system (GIS). This means other information sources like satellite imagery and aerial photography become available for use in the analysis. 2) The use of a high-precision global positioning system (GPS) for installation works. Once the scheme’s study and design are approved, the use of high-precision GPS means that work to install the scheme will be particularly precise and will adhere to the irrigation and drainage network configuration as designed and approved in the scheme studies. 3) The use of georeferenced photography for monitoring and inspection. The programme has begun using georeferenced photographs to enable teams to inspect and supervise installations in situations where conditions for accessing sites are unfavourable. These photographs show the installations and display the data recorded for each shot, allowing dates and locations to be checked. 4) The use of satellite imagery (Landsat). A primary application of Landsat is to monitor and evaluate the farming activities of sites. Using the images, the value of the normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) can be determined. With this indicator, it is possible to verify in which areas VISs are operational. Furthermore, the Landsat images improve analyses during the design stage, providing information on specific events such as heavy flooding or very low water levels.
A high-quality scheme is a prerequisite for making water management efficient and reducing production costs. Landsat: One important impact/effect was that the consultant on site was able to persuade donors of the feasibility of carrying out minimum-level monitoring despite the difficult security situation. This was crucial as the donors were faced with a difficult choice: on the one hand, the lack of security made it impossible to access the zone in order to carry out monitoring and supervision missions, which seriously threatened the continuity of the programme; on the other hand, donors were obviously very sensitive to the plight of the communities suffering occupation and armed conflict. Total stations and GPS: These two technologies allow users to ascertain the specific features of sites more accurately than is possible with ‘traditional’ approaches, which are more basic and less refined. The technologies enable the design of good-quality schemes by facilitating water management. It is important to highlight the fact that a good-quality irrigation scheme (which is well configured and laid out in terms of its irrigation network and facilities) reduces production costs (less pumping time needed).
Currently, only PMN/IPRODI are using this practice. The planning service providers were given introductory training on applying the technologies and set themselves up to provide sufficient data in their invoices and reports to allow coordinators to apply the modern technologies. The programme’s coordination team is ready to share these technologies with its partners and has already delivered presentations to parties expressing an interest

2.5 ປະເທດ / ເຂດ / ສະຖານທີ່ບ່ອນທີ່ແນວທາງໄດ້ຖືກນໍາໃຊ້

2.6 ວັນທີເລີ່ມຕົ້ນ ແລະ ສິ້ນສຸດ ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕີບັດ ວິທີທາງ

2.7 ປະເພດຂອງແນວທາງ

• ພາຍໃຕ້ໂຄງການ / ແຜນງານ

2.8 ເປົ້າໝາຍ / ຈຸດປະສົງຫຼັກ ຂອງການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ວິທີທາງ

Applying modern technologies in the design, monitoring and evaluation of village irrigation schemes (VISs) and floodplain depression ponds; the technologies enable the design of good-quality schemes by facilitating water management; a good-quality irrigation scheme (which is well configured and laid out in terms of its irrigation network and facilities) reduces production costs (less pumping time needed); feasibility of carrying out minimum-level monitoring despite the difficult security situation
The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: low quality schemes; lack of minimum-level monitoring due to the difficult security situation; water management problems;

2.9 ເງື່ອນໄຂອໍານວຍ ຫຼື ຂັດຂວາງການປະຕິບັດຂອງເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ / ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີການນໍາໃຊ້ຕາມແນວທາງ

3.1 ຜູ້ມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມ ໃນວິທີທາງ ແລະ ພາລະບົດບາດ ຂອງເຂົາເຈົ້າ

3.2 ການມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມຂອງຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນໃນທ້ອງຖິ່ນ / ຊຸມຊົນທ້ອງຖິ່ນໃນໄລຍະທີ່ແຕກຕ່າງກັນຂອງແນວທາງ

	ການລວບລວມ ເອົາຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນ ໃນທ້ອງຖິ່ນ / ຊຸມຊົນທ້ອງຖິ່ນ	ໃຫ້ລະບຸ ຜູ້ໃດທີ່ມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມ ໃນແຕ່ລະກິດຈະກໍາ?
ການເລີ່ມຕົ້ນ / ແຮງຈູງໃຈ	ການບໍ່ປະຕິບັດ
ການວາງແຜນ	ການບໍ່ປະຕິບັດ
ການປະຕິບັດ	ການຮ່ວມມື
ຕິດຕາມກວດກາ / ການປະເມີນຜົນ	ການບໍ່ປະຕິບັດ
Research	ການບໍ່ປະຕິບັດ

3.4 ການຕັດສິນໃຈກ່ຽວກັບການຄັດເລືອກເຕັກໂນໂລຢີຂອງການຄຸ້ມຄອງທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ / ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ

ລະບຸ ຄົນທີ່ຕັດສິນໃຈ ກ່ຽວກັບການຄັດເລືອກຂອງ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ / ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ ຈະໄດ້ຮັບການປະຕິບັດ:

• ຊຽ່ວຊານ ສະເພາະດ້ານການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງຜູ້ດຽວ

ອະທິບາຍ:

Decisions on the method of implementing the SLM Technology were made by by SLM specialists alone (top-down)

4.1 ການສ້າງຄວາມສາມາດ / ການຝຶກອົບຮົມ

ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນ ຫຼື ພາກສ່ວນກ່ຽວຂ້ອງອື່ນໆ ໄດ້ຮັບການຝຶກອົບຮົມບໍ່?

ແມ່ນ

ໃຫ້ລະບຸ ຜູ້ໃດທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບການຝຶກອົບຮົມ:

• ພະນັກງານພາກສະໜາມ / ທີ່ປຶກສາ

ຮູບແບບຂອງການຝຶກອົບຮົມ:

• ຫຼັກສູດ

ໃນຫົວຂໍ້:

Currently, only PMN/IPRODI are using this practice. The planning service providers were given introductory training on applying the technologies and set themselves up to provide sufficient data in their invoices and reports to allow coordinators to apply the modern technologies.

4.2 ການບໍລິການໃຫ້ຄໍາປຶກສາ

ເຮັດຜູ້ໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນມີການເຂົ້າເຖິງການບໍລິການໃຫ້ຄໍາປຶກສາ?

ແມ່ນ

ອະທິບາຍ / ຄວາມຄິດເຫັນ:

Currently, only PMN/IPRODI are using this practice. The planning service providers were given introductory training on applying the technologies and set themselves up to provide sufficient data in their invoices and reports to allow coordinators to apply the modern technologies.

4.3 ສະຖາບັນການສ້າງຄວາມເຂັ້ມແຂງ (ການພັດທະນາອົງການຈັດຕັ້ງ)

ສະຖາບັນ ໄດ້ຮັບການສ້າງຕັ້ງຂື້ນ ຫຼື ໄດ້ຮັບການສ້າງຄວາມເຂັ້ມແຂງ ໂດຍການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ວິທີທາງບໍ່?

• ມີ, ໜ້ອຍໜຶ່ງ

ລະບຸ ທາງສະຖາບັນ ໄດ້ສ້າງຄວາມເຂັ້ມແຂງ ໃນລະດັບໃດ (ຫຼາຍ):

• ທ້ອງຖິ່ນ

ລະບຸ ປະເພດ ຂອງສະໜັບສະໜູນ:

• ການສ້າງຄວາມອາດສາມາດ / ການຝຶກອົບຮົມ

4.4 ຕິດຕາມກວດກາ ແລະ ປະເມີນຜົນ

ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ວິທີທາງ ໄດ້ມີການປະເມີນຜົນ ແລະ ຕິດຕາມບໍ?

ແມ່ນ

ຄວາມຄິດເຫັນ:

technical aspects were regular monitored by project staff through observations

4.5 ການຄົ້ນຄວ້າ

ນີ້້ແມ່ນສ່ວນໜຶ່ງ ການຄົ້ນຄວ້າ ຂອງວິທີທາງບໍ່?

ແມ່ນ

ລະບຸ ຫົວຂໍ້:

• ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ

5.1 ງົບປະມານປະຈໍາປີ ສໍາລັບວິທີທາງ ຂອງການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ

ຄໍາເຫັນ (ຕົວຢ່າງ: ແຫຼ່ງຂໍ້ມູນຫຼັກ ຂອງການສະໜອງທຶນ / ຜູ້ໃຫ້ທຶນທີ່ສໍາຄັນ):

Approach costs were met by the following donors: international: 100.0%

5.2 ການສະໜັບສະໜູນ ທາງດ້ານການເງິນ / ອຸປະກອນ ສະໜອງໃຫ້ແກ່ຜູ້ນໍາທີ່ດິນ

ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນ ໄດ້ຮັບການສະໜັບສະໜູນ ທາງດ້ານ ການເງິນ / ອຸປະກອນ ໃນການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີບໍ?

ແມ່ນ

5.4 ສິນເຊື່ອ

ໄດ້ປ່ອຍສິນເຊື່ອ ສະໜອງໃຫ້ພາຍໃຕ້ ວິທີການສໍາລັບກິດຈະກໍາ ການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນນຍົງບໍ່?

ບໍ່ແມ່ນ

6.1 ຜົນກະທົບຂອງແນວທາງ

6.2 ແຮງຈູງໃຈຫຼັກຂອງຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນໃນການປະຕິບັດການຄຸ້ມຄອງທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ

6.3 ຄວາມຍືນຍົງຂອງກິດຈະກໍາວິທີທາງ

ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ ທີ່ດິນ ສາມາດສືບຕໍ່ ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ຜ່ານວິທີທາງໄດ້ບໍ່ (ໂດຍປາດສະຈາກ ການຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ ຈາກພາກສ່ວນພາຍນອກ)?

• ບໍ່ແນ່ນອນ

6.4 ຈຸດແຂງ / ຂໍ້ດີ ຂອງວິທີທາງ

ຈຸດແຂງ / ຈຸດດີ / ໂອກາດ ຈາກທັດສະນະຂອງຜູ້ປ້ອນຂໍ້ມູນ ຫຼື ບຸກຄົນສຳຄັນ
the effects of successfully deploying these technologies contribute to creating good-quality schemes with few water management problems and moderate production and maintenance costs. (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: there is the matter of how the technologies presented will continue to be applied within a team. To ensure sustainability, appropriate IT capacities and, more specifically, expertise in GIS software packages are necessary. It is important for these capacities to be embedded institutionally, rather than held by certain individuals.)
Landsat: One important impact/effect was that the consultant on site was able to persuade donors of the feasibility of carrying out minimum-level monitoring despite the difficult security situation. This was crucial as the donors were faced with a difficult choice: on the one hand, the lack of security made it impossible to access the zone in order to carry out monitoring and supervision missions, which seriously threatened the continuity of the programme; on the other hand, donors were obviously very sensitive to the plight of the communities suffering occupation and armed conflict.
Total stations and GPS: These two technologies allow users to ascertain the specific features of sites more accurately than is possible with ‘traditional’ approaches, which are more basic and less refined. The technologies enable the design of good-quality schemes by facilitating water management. It is important to highlight the fact that a good-quality irrigation scheme (which is well configured and laid out in terms of its irrigation network and facilities) reduces production costs (less pumping time needed).

6.5 ຈຸດອ່ອນ / ຂໍ້ເສຍຂອງແນວທາງ ແລະ ວິທີການແກ້ໄຂໃຫ້ເຂົາເຈົ້າ

ຈຸດອ່ອນ ຫຼື ຂໍ້ເສຍ ຫຼື ຄວາມສ່ຽງ ໃນມຸມມອງຂອງ ຜູ້ສັງລວມຂໍ້ມູນ ຫຼື ບັນດາຜູ້ຕອບແບບສອບຖາມ

ມີວິທີການແກ້ໄຂຄືແນວໃດ?

Since 2003, Landsat images have displayed stripes or horizontal bands (running west to east) with no data. This, of course, complicates the analysis of VIS polygons as much of their area falls under these stripes. Indeed, most VIS polygons situated in data-loss stripe areas (such as Diré) fall partially within a data loss area and partially without. It is possible to verify the presence of vegetation for these VISs, but it is not possible to estimate the area of cultivated land. However, we hope that Landsat 8 will provide fault-free images, just as Landsat 7 did from 1999 to 2003.

7.1 ວິທີການ / ແຫຼ່ງຂໍ້ມູນ

7.2 ເອກະສານທົ່ວໄປທີ່ສາມາດໃຊ້ໄດ້

ຫົວຂໍ້, ຜູ້ຂຽນ, ປີ, ISBN:

Manual of Good Practices in Small Scale Irrigation in the Sahel. Experiences from Mali. Published by GIZ in 2014.

ມີຢູ່ໃສ?ມູນຄ່າເທົ່າໃດ?

http://star-www.giz.de/starweb/giz/pub/servlet.starweb

ຫົວຂໍ້, ຜູ້ຂຽນ, ປີ, ISBN:

A range of internal technical guides (GIZ)