ວິທີທາງ

Community Forest Management Group [ບູຕານ]

Drongdhey Nagtshel Zinchong Dhetshen (གྲོང་སྡེ་ནགས་ཚལ་འཛིན་སྐྱོང་སྡེ་ཚན།)

approaches_6861 - ບູຕານ

ເບິ່ງພາກສ່ວນ

ຂະຫຍາຍທັງໝົດ
ຄວາມສົມບູນ: 94%

1. ຂໍ້ມູນທົ່ວໄປ

1.2 ລາຍລະອຽດ ການຕິດຕໍ່ ຂອງບຸກຄົນທີ່ຊັບພະຍາກອນ ແລະ ສະຖາບັນ ການມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມ ໃນການປະເມີນຜົນ ແລະ ເອກະສານ ຂອງວິທີທາງ

ບຸກຄົນສຳຄັນ (ຫຼາຍຄົນ)

ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນ:

Sonam

NA

Jangbi Chiwog, Langthel Gewog, Trongsa Dzongkhag

ບູຕານ

ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນ:

Nagari

NA

Jangbi Chiwog, Langthel Gewog, Trongsa Dzongkhag

ບູຕານ

ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນ:

Chencho

NA

Jangbi Chiwog, Langthel Gewog, Trongsa Dzongkhag

ບູຕານ

ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນ:

Lethro

17750390

NA

Jangbi Chiwog, Langthel Gewog, Trongsa Dzongkhag

ບູຕານ

ຊື່ຂອງໂຄງການ ທີ່ອໍານວຍຄວາມສະດວກ ໃນການສ້າງເອກກະສານ ຫຼື ປະເມີນດ້ານແນວທາງ (ຖ້າກ່ຽວຂ້ອງ)
Strengthening national-level institutional and professional capacities of country Parties towards enhanced UNCCD monitoring and reporting – GEF 7 EA Umbrella II (GEF 7 UNCCD Enabling Activities_Umbrella II)
ຊື່ຂອງ ສະຖາບັນການຈັດຕັ້ງ ທີ່ອໍານວຍຄວາມສະດວກ ໃນການສ້າງເອກກະສານ ຫຼື ປະເມີນແນວທາງ (ຖ້າກ່ຽວຂ້ອງ)
National Soil Services Center, Department of Agric (National Soil Services Center, Department of Agric) - ບູຕານ

1.3 ເງື່ອນໄຂ ຂອງການນໍາໃຊ້ເອກກະສານຂໍ້ມູນ ຂອງ WOCAT

ເມື່ອໃດທີ່ໄດ້ສັງລວມຂໍ້ມູນ (ຢູ່ພາກສະໜາມ)?

16/07/2023

ຜູ້ສັງລວມ ແລະ ບັນດາຜູ້ຕອບແບບສອບຖາມ ຍອມຮັບໃນເງື່ອນໄຂ ການນໍາໃຊ້ຂໍ້ມູນເອກະສານ ທີ່ສ້າງຂື້ນ ໂດຍຜ່ານ ອົງການ WOCAT:

ແມ່ນ

1.4 ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ (ຫຼາຍ) ກັບແບບສອບຖາມ (ຫຼາຍ) ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ ຂອງດ້ານການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ

Cane and Bamboo Plantation to Sustain Raw Materials
technologies

Cane and Bamboo Plantation to Sustain Raw Materials [ບູຕານ]

Cane and bamboo plantations are managed by land users and indigenous communities to sustain these valuable raw materials for making handicraft items. Tsharzo (bamboo craft), is one of the main sources of income for land users. Tsharzo makes use of cane and bamboo to weave products such as backpacks, baskets …

  • ຜູ້ສັງລວມຂໍ້ມູນ: Tshering Yangzom

2. ພັນລະນາ ແນວທາງການຄຸ້ມຄອງນໍາໃຊ້ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ

2.1 ການອະທິບາຍ ໂດຍຫຍໍ້ ຂອງວິທີທາງ

The Community Forest Management Group (CFMG) functions with an aim to sustainably manage and utilize potential Non-Wood Forest Products (NWFP) such as cane and bamboo to diversify income sources. The Jangbi CFMG comprises three Monpa (indigenous) communities viz. Jangbi, Wangling and Phrumzur. The group's main mandates are to maintain raw material (bamboo and cane) germplasm, uphold the ancestral arts and crafts skills, and ensure the sustainable harvest of natural raw materials.

2.2 ການອະທິບາຍ ລາຍລະອຽດ ຂອງວິທີທາງ

ການອະທິບາຍ ລາຍລະອຽດ ຂອງວິທີທາງ:

Tsharzo (bamboo craft) is popular in the eastern and southern parts of Bhutan where raw materials such as bamboo and cane are abundant. Tsharzo makes use of cane and bamboo to weave products such as orongbhazib (backpack), lapchu (hand basket), chungchu (basket), bechab (winnow), tsew (basket to carry fodder, fruits, shoots etc.) and pari (mats), among others. The Community Forest Management Group (CFMG) under Jangbi chiwog, Trongsa Dzongkhag is called Monpa Selwai Yoezer Tshogpa. The Jangbi CFMG is one of the successful groups that promote bamboo and cane products in the country. The group consists of 59 households (HH) from three villages, Jangbi (23 HH), Wangling (22 HH), and Phrumzur (14 HH). The group was formed under the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) on 14 April 2000, and officially came into play in 2007, upon drafting the bylaws. The bylaws were revised upon the need for further improvement in the year 2018. The group was formed to promote and enhance bamboo and cane products, thereby sustaining the existing trend and culture of the community. The group's main mandates are to maintain raw material germplasm (namely bamboo and cane), uphold ancestral arts and crafts skills, and ensure the sustainable harvest of natural raw materials.
The group received initial fund support of Nu. 1,400,000 from UNDP and Nu. 800,000 from Bhutan Orchids, a non-governmental organization (NGO). The government has given a total of 45 acres of land to the land users of Jangbi CFMG to plant bamboo and cane. Out of the 45 acres, 15 acres of land are collectively managed by all the land users of Jangbi CFMG for nursery raising. And 10 acres each is managed by each village under Jangbi chiwog for plantation activities. The land users plant different varieties of bamboo on the land. Some major activities carried out by the group involve documentation of the existing stock of cane and bamboo and new plantations. Cane and bamboo plantations are fenced to protect against wild and domestic animals.
Initially, Tsharzo in Jangbi CFMG was taken up on a contract basis. However, the proposal to establish a community Tsharzo group named Monpa Selwai Yoezer Tshogpa was approved by the Dzongkhag administration and was funded by the UNDP. Upon approval of the proposal, the Dzongkhag Forestry Department assisted the land users in land development (nursery development) for the cultivation of bamboo and cane in the allocated areas on 45 acres of state-owned land. The stakeholders involved in the formation of CFMG were the community members of Jangbi, Wangling, and Phumzur villages, of Jangbi chiwog, an NGO (Bhutan Orchids), the gewog administration, the forestry department, and UNDP. The community members’ roles included carrying out fieldwork (plantation of bamboo and cane, their maintenance) and engaging in decision-making processes under CFMG. The gewog administration supported the group with technical, financial, and advisory services. The NGO provided fund support of Nu. 800,000 and UNDP provided initial fund support of Nu. 1,400,000. The forestry department sourced the initial funds from UNDP, formulated bylaws, and facilitated hands-on training on bamboo and cane plantations.
The benefits of the approach include the establishment of dedicated germplasm, sustainable harvest of natural raw materials, conservation and promotion of ancestral arts and crafts skills, social cohesion through group formation, and employment opportunities. Bamboo and cane plantations play a great role in preventing soil degradation. Bamboo and cane have extensive root systems that help prevent erosion, stabilize soil, and reduce landslide risks. They are excellent for revegetation as they quickly establish themselves. Bamboo is also an efficient carbon sink, absorbing significant amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. This helps mitigate climate change by reducing greenhouse gas concentrations. Bamboo and cane provide habitats for some organisms thereby increasing biodiversity. Products made from bamboo and cane are biodegradable, reducing the environmental impact.

2.3 ຮູບພາບຂອງແນວທາງ

ສື່ຮູບ​ພາບ

2.5 ປະເທດ / ເຂດ / ສະຖານທີ່ບ່ອນທີ່ແນວທາງໄດ້ຖືກນໍາໃຊ້

ປະເທດ:

ບູຕານ

ພາກພື້ນ / ລັດ / ແຂວງ:

Jangbi Chiwog, Langthel Gewog, Trongsa Dzongkhag

ຕົວ​ຢ່າງ​ແຜນ​ທີ

2.6 ວັນທີເລີ່ມຕົ້ນ ແລະ ສິ້ນສຸດ ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕີບັດ ວິທີທາງ

ສະແດງປີຂອງການເລີ່ມຕົ້ນ:

2000

ຄວາມຄິດເຫັນ:

The CFMG of Jangbi was initially instituted on 14/4/2000 with 47 member HH. Later in 2007, the group was formalized with the development of by-laws and was further reviewed in 2018 with a total of 49 member HH. The approach is ongoing.

2.7 ປະເພດຂອງແນວທາງ

  • ພາຍໃຕ້ໂຄງການ / ແຜນງານ

2.8 ເປົ້າໝາຍ / ຈຸດປະສົງຫຼັກ ຂອງການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ວິທີທາງ

The group's main aims are:
i. To maintain raw material germplasm (bamboo and cane).
ii. Uphold the ancestral arts and crafts skills.
iii. To ensure sustainable harvest of natural raw materials.

2.9 ເງື່ອນໄຂອໍານວຍ ຫຼື ຂັດຂວາງການປະຕິບັດຂອງເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ / ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີການນໍາໃຊ້ຕາມແນວທາງ

ສັງຄົມ / ວັດທະນະທໍາ / ມາດຕະຖານ ແລະ ຄຸນຄ່າທາງສາສະໜາ
  • ອໍານວຍ

The bamboo and cane plantation for their products is enabled under the CFMG. The bamboo and cane products are one the major identities, sources of income, and an ancestral legacy. The socio-cultural norms enable the technology implemented under this approach.

ມີຄວາມສາມາດ / ເຂັ້າເຖິງຊັບພະຍາກອນດ້ານການເງິນ ແລະ ການບໍລິການ
  • ອໍານວຍ

The plantation and production of bamboo and cane products are not very financially intensive. Also, the products fetch good market prices.

ການກໍ່ຕັ້ງສະຖາບັນ
  • ອໍານວຍ

The sale of bamboo and cane products has helped diversify the income sources of the group members and improve their living standards.

ການຮ່ວມມື / ການປະສານງານຂອງຜູ້ກ່ຽວຂ້ອງ
  • ອໍານວຍ

The group is being spearheaded by a chairman, a secretary, and a treasurer. These key actors have been vibrant in supervising the functions of the group. Hence, the group's coordination has been beneficial in implementing the technology under this approach.

ກ່ຽວກັບກົດໝາຍ (ສິດນໍາໃຊ້ດິນ, ສິດນໍາໃຊ້ນໍ້າ)
  • ອໍານວຍ

The legal guidelines of the group are clear and convenient with respect to user rights. For instance, the members are provided with 45 acres of state land to use as germplasm (bamboo and cane).

ນະໂຍບາຍ
  • ອໍານວຍ

The policies framed under this approach are aimed mainly at ensuring the sustainability of the raw materials. For instance, each household is allocated 2 acres of natural forest to collect 2 man loads of bamboo, 2 man loads of cane, and 2 man loads of Bji in a year. They are not allowed to collect any raw materials from the 45-acre germplasm. The respondents think that it is an effective approach to sustaining the raw materials.

ການປົກຄອງທີ່ດິນ (ການຕັດສິນໃຈ, ການປະຕິບັດ ແລະ ຂໍ້ບັງຄັບ)
  • ອໍານວຍ

The overall land governance is as per the state's land rules and regulations, which is not a hindering factor.

ຄວາມຮູ້ກ່ຽວກັບການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ, ການເຂົ້າເຖິງການສະໜັບສະໜູນ ທາງດ້ານວິຊາການ
  • ອໍານວຍ

With the awareness of SLM, the group was instituted. The implementation of the technology has not been hindered.

ຕະຫຼາດ (ໃນການຊື້ວັດຖຸດິບ, ຂາຍຜະລິດຕະພັນ) ແລະ ລາຄາ
  • ອໍານວຍ

As per the respondents, the market has not been a problem. They are also given opportunities to display and advocate their products in various functions nationwide.

ວຽກ, ມີກໍາລັງຄົນ
  • ອໍານວຍ

The bamboo and cane product making is not very labour-intensive. Rather it is skill oriented. Hence, manpower/workload is not an issue. The by-laws of the groups clearly mention the roles and responsibilities of the members and their involvement in any activities related to cane and bamboo management is mandatory.

3. ການມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມ ແລະ ບົດບາດຂອງພາກສ່ວນທີ່ກ່ຽວຂ້ອງທີ່ໄດ້ມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມ

3.1 ຜູ້ມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມ ໃນວິທີທາງ ແລະ ພາລະບົດບາດ ຂອງເຂົາເຈົ້າ

  • ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນໃນທ້ອງຖິ່ນ / ຊຸມຊົນທ້ອງຖິ່ນ

The community members of Jangbi, Wangling, and Phrumzur villages.

Their roles include carrying out fieldwork (plantation of bamboo and cane, their maintenance) and engaging in decision-making processes under CFMG.

  • ອົງການຈັດຕັ້ງ ທີ່ບໍ່ຂື້ນກັບລັດຖະບານ

Bhutan Orchids

Provided additional fund support of Nu. 800,000.

  • ອໍານາດ ການປົກຄອງທ້ອງຖິ່ນ

The Gewog Administration

It supports the group with technical, financial, and advisory services.

  • ພະນັກງານຂັ້ນສູນກາງ (ຜູ້ວາງແຜນ, ຜູ້ສ້າງນະໂຍບາຍ)

Department of Forests and Park Services (DoFPS)

The initial fund was sourced from UNDP. The Department of Forests and Park Services technically supported the formulation of a management plan and by-laws for the group and facilitated hands-on training on bamboo and cane plantations.

  • ອົງການຈັດຕັ້ງ ສາກົນ

UNDP

UNDP provided initial fund support of Nu. 1,400,000.

3.2 ການມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມຂອງຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນໃນທ້ອງຖິ່ນ / ຊຸມຊົນທ້ອງຖິ່ນໃນໄລຍະທີ່ແຕກຕ່າງກັນຂອງແນວທາງ
ການລວບລວມ ເອົາຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນ ໃນທ້ອງຖິ່ນ / ຊຸມຊົນທ້ອງຖິ່ນ ໃຫ້ລະບຸ ຜູ້ໃດທີ່ມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມ ໃນແຕ່ລະກິດຈະກໍາ?
ການເລີ່ມຕົ້ນ / ແຮງຈູງໃຈ ການຮ່ວມມື In the year 2000, a few community representatives approached the Forestry officials to explore the market and sale plans for bamboo and cane products. The representatives expressed an interest in acting as vendors. In return, the forestry officials suggested instituting a group. Hence, the idea of Community Forest Management Group (CFMG) was conceived for managing cane and bamboo species (non-wood forest produce).
ການວາງແຜນ ການບໍ່ປະຕິບັດ The fund securing was supported by Gewog Administration whereas formulation of a management plan and by-laws was technically supported by forestry officials, Department of Forests and Park Services.
ການປະຕິບັດ ການຮ່ວມມື Following the sensitization program from UNDP and the Gewog Administration, a hands-on training program was conducted by forestry officials on bamboo and cane plantations.
ຕິດຕາມກວດກາ / ການປະເມີນຜົນ ການນໍາໃໍຊ້ເອງ The monitoring activities are carried out by the group members themselves on an annual basis. As such, the scale-up programs are limited due to budget constraints.

3.3 ແຜນວາດ (ຖ້າມີ)

ການອະທິບາຍ:

This is a flow chart of Monpa Selwai Yoezer tshokpa (Jangbi Tsharzo)

ຜູ້ຂຽນ:

Tenzin chophel

3.4 ການຕັດສິນໃຈກ່ຽວກັບການຄັດເລືອກເຕັກໂນໂລຢີຂອງການຄຸ້ມຄອງທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ / ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ

ລະບຸ ຄົນທີ່ຕັດສິນໃຈ ກ່ຽວກັບການຄັດເລືອກຂອງ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ / ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ ຈະໄດ້ຮັບການປະຕິບັດ:
  • ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນຜູ້ດຽວ (ການລິເລີ່ມດ້ວຍຕົນເອງ)
ອະທິບາຍ:

The community expressed their interest in marketing their already existing bamboo and cane products to the erstwhile Forestry Office. Their main objectives were to enhance the livelihoods of the Monpa community through the sale of bamboo and cane products, uphold their ancestor's legacies and traditions, and ensure the sustainability of the raw materials.

Specify on what basis decisions were made:
  • ປະສົບການສ່ວນບຸກຄົນ ແລະ ຄວາມຄິດເຫັນ (ທີ່ບໍ່ເປັນເອກກະສານ)

4. ການສະໜັບສະໜູນທາງດ້ານວິຊາການ, ການສ້າງຄວາມສາມາດ, ແລະ ການຈັດການຄວາມຮູ້.

4.1 ການສ້າງຄວາມສາມາດ / ການຝຶກອົບຮົມ

ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນ ຫຼື ພາກສ່ວນກ່ຽວຂ້ອງອື່ນໆ ໄດ້ຮັບການຝຶກອົບຮົມບໍ່?

ແມ່ນ

ໃຫ້ລະບຸ ຜູ້ໃດທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບການຝຶກອົບຮົມ:
  • ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນ
ຖ້າເປັນໄປໄດ້, ໃຫ້ລະບຸເພດ, ອາຍຸ, ສະຖານະພາບ, ຊົນເຜົ່າ, ແລະ ອື່ນໆ:

All the group members (both male and female) were trained.

ຮູບແບບຂອງການຝຶກອົບຮົມ:
  • ເນື້ອທີ່ສວນທົດລອງ
  • ກອງປະຊຸມ
ໃນຫົວຂໍ້:

The members were trained on the plantation and management of bamboo and cane and about their germplasm.

4.2 ການບໍລິການໃຫ້ຄໍາປຶກສາ

ເຮັດຜູ້ໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນມີການເຂົ້າເຖິງການບໍລິການໃຫ້ຄໍາປຶກສາ?

ແມ່ນ

ລະບຸວ່າການສະໜອງ ການບໍລິການ ໃຫ້ຄໍາປຶກສາ:
  • ໃນພື້ນທີ່ຂອງຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນ
  • ສູນຄົ້ນຄວ້າ
ອະທິບາຍ / ຄວາມຄິດເຫັນ:

The CFMG is under the jurisdiction of the Jigme Singye Wangchuck National Park under the Department of Forests and Park Services. The advisory services are provided by the Langthel Park Range Office.

4.3 ສະຖາບັນການສ້າງຄວາມເຂັ້ມແຂງ (ການພັດທະນາອົງການຈັດຕັ້ງ)

ສະຖາບັນ ໄດ້ຮັບການສ້າງຕັ້ງຂື້ນ ຫຼື ໄດ້ຮັບການສ້າງຄວາມເຂັ້ມແຂງ ໂດຍການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ວິທີທາງບໍ່?
  • ມີ, ຫຼາຍ
ລະບຸ ທາງສະຖາບັນ ໄດ້ສ້າງຄວາມເຂັ້ມແຂງ ໃນລະດັບໃດ (ຫຼາຍ):
  • ທ້ອງຖິ່ນ
ອະທິບາຍ ສະຖາບັນການຈັດຕັ້ງ, ພາລະບົດບາດ ແລະ ໜ້າທີ່ຮັບຜິດຊອບ, ສະມາຊິກ ແລະ ອື່ນໆ.

The sale of bamboo and cane products has helped diversify the income sources of the group members and improve their living standards.

ລະບຸ ປະເພດ ຂອງສະໜັບສະໜູນ:
  • ທາງດ້ານການເງິນ

4.4 ຕິດຕາມກວດກາ ແລະ ປະເມີນຜົນ

ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ວິທີທາງ ໄດ້ມີການປະເມີນຜົນ ແລະ ຕິດຕາມບໍ?

ແມ່ນ

ຄວາມຄິດເຫັນ:

The monitoring and evaluation of the management plan is conducted by group members and Department of Forests and Park Services. In order to ensure the proper implementation of activities, annual monitoring is conducted by the executive committee members (Chairman, Secretary and Treasurer) based on the management plan prescriptions and by-laws framed for a period of 10 years. Similarly, the respective field office conducts annual monitoring of the group and submits the report to the Department for review and accordingly advice the field offices to carry out the corrective measures. Based on the Forest and Nature Conservation Act and Rules, a midterm evaluation on the 5th year and final evaluation on the 10th year of the plan period is conducted by the Department of Forests and Park Services for monitoring of the activities planned for 10 years. The monitoring and evaluation report for the group shall determine the revision and implementation of the plan for next 10 years.

ຖ້າແມ່ນ, ເອກກະສານສະບັບນີ້ ແມ່ນໄດ້ນໍາໃຊ້ເຂົ້າໃນການຕິດຕາມ ແລະ ປະເມີນຜົນບໍ່?

ບໍ່ແມ່ນ

4.5 ການຄົ້ນຄວ້າ

ນີ້້ແມ່ນສ່ວນໜຶ່ງ ການຄົ້ນຄວ້າ ຂອງວິທີທາງບໍ່?

ບໍ່ແມ່ນ

5. ການສະໜັບສະໜູນທາງດ້ານການເງິນ ແລະ ອຸປະກອນຈາກພາຍນອກ

5.1 ງົບປະມານປະຈໍາປີ ສໍາລັບວິທີທາງ ຂອງການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ

ຖ້າຫາກບໍ່ຮູ້ຈັດງົບປະມານທີ່ແນ່ນອນ ແມ່ນໃຫ້ປະມານເອົາ:
  • < 2,000
ຄໍາເຫັນ (ຕົວຢ່າງ: ແຫຼ່ງຂໍ້ມູນຫຼັກ ຂອງການສະໜອງທຶນ / ຜູ້ໃຫ້ທຶນທີ່ສໍາຄັນ):

The total fund supported by UNDP and Bhutan Orchids was Nu. 1,400,000 and Nu. 800,000 respectively. These budgets were granted for both the institution of the group and the initiation of technology implementation. The fund support was for the commencement of bamboo and cane plantations in the initial year. There is no funding now and the land users now manage the plantation activities themselves.

5.2 ການສະໜັບສະໜູນ ທາງດ້ານການເງິນ / ອຸປະກອນ ສະໜອງໃຫ້ແກ່ຜູ້ນໍາທີ່ດິນ

ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນ ໄດ້ຮັບການສະໜັບສະໜູນ ທາງດ້ານ ການເງິນ / ອຸປະກອນ ໃນການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີບໍ?

ແມ່ນ

ຖ້າແມ່ນ, ໃຫ້ລະບຸປະເພດ (ຫຼາຍ) ຂອງການສະໜັບສະໜູນ, ເງື່ອນໄຂ ແລະ ຜູູ້ສະໜອງ (ຫຼາຍ):

The total fund of Nu. 2,200,000 was supported by UNDP and Bhutan Orchids to institute the group, and to initiate the technology implementation.

5.3 ເງິນສົມທົບສໍາລັບການນໍາໃຊ້ສະເພາະປັດໃຈຂາເຂົ້າໃນການຜະລີດກະສິກໍາ (ລວມທັງແຮງງານ)

  • ບໍ່ມີ
 

5.4 ສິນເຊື່ອ

ໄດ້ປ່ອຍສິນເຊື່ອ ສະໜອງໃຫ້ພາຍໃຕ້ ວິທີການສໍາລັບກິດຈະກໍາ ການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນນຍົງບໍ່?

ບໍ່ແມ່ນ

5.5 ສິ່ງຈູງໃຈ ຫຼື ເຄື່ອງມືອື່ນໆ

ການສົ່ງເສີມ ຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ ໃນການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ ໄດ້ສະໜອງສິ່ງກະຕຸກຊຸກຍູ້ບໍ່?

ບໍ່ແມ່ນ

6. ວິເຄາະຜົນກະທົບ ແລະ ສັງລວມບັນຫາ

6.1 ຜົນກະທົບຂອງແນວທາງ

ວິທີທາງ ຊ່ວຍຊຸກຍູ້ ຜູ້ນຳໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນທ້ອງຖີ່ນ, ໃນການປັບປຸງ ການມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມ ຂອງຜູ້ທີ່ກ່ຽວຂ້ອງ ບໍ່?
  • ບໍ່
  • ມີ, ໜ້ອຍໜຶ່ງ
  • ມີ, ພໍສົມຄວນ
  • ມີ, ຫຼາຍ

The multiple sensitization and training programs initiated by the benefactors have empowered the land users, especially in sustaining raw materials for the bamboo and cane product developments.

ການນໍາໃຊ້ ວິທີທາງ ດັ່ງກ່າວນີ້ ສາມາດເປັນຫຼັກຖານ ທີ່ສະໜັບສະໜູນ ໃຫ້ການຕັດສິນໃຈໄດ້ບໍ່?
  • ບໍ່
  • ມີ, ໜ້ອຍໜຶ່ງ
  • ມີ, ພໍສົມຄວນ
  • ມີ, ຫຼາຍ

The 45 acres of germplasm successfully maintained by 59 household members is a main indicator.

ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ວິທີທາງ ສາມາດຊ່ວຍຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນ ໃນການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ແລະ ບໍາລຸງຮັກສາ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ ການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງໄດ້ບໍ?
  • ບໍ່
  • ມີ, ໜ້ອຍໜຶ່ງ
  • ມີ, ພໍສົມຄວນ
  • ມີ, ຫຼາຍ

The approach has encouraged land users to go for bamboo and cane plantations.

ການນໍາໃຊ້ ວິທີທາງ ສາມາດປັບປຸງ ການປະສານງານ ແລະ ຄ່າໃຊ້ຈ່າຍ ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ທີ່ມີປະສິດທິພາບ ຂອງການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ທີ່ດິນແບບຍືດຍົງໄດ້ບໍ່?
  • ບໍ່
  • ມີ, ໜ້ອຍໜຶ່ງ
  • ມີ, ພໍສົມຄວນ
  • ມີ, ຫຼາຍ

The land users are collectively working towards maintaining raw material germplasm (bamboo and cane), upholding ancestral arts and crafts skills, and ensuring sustainable harvest of natural raw materials. This promotes collaboration and coordination among the land users. The land users collect the seedlings from the nearby forest within the community without having to buy from external sources for the germplasm. This is the cost-effective implementation of SLM.

ການນໍາໃຊ້ ວິທີທາງ ສາມາດລະດົມ ຫຼື ປັບປຸງ ການເຂົ້າເຖິງຊັບພະຍາກອນ ການເງິນ ສໍາລັບການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ທີ່ດິນແບບຍືດຍົງໄດ້ບໍ່?
  • ບໍ່
  • ມີ, ໜ້ອຍໜຶ່ງ
  • ມີ, ພໍສົມຄວນ
  • ມີ, ຫຼາຍ

The group has initiated a micro-financing scheme. A household can avail a loan up to Nu. 50,000 with 5% interest per month for CFMG members, and at the existing bank interest rate for non-members.

ການນໍາໃຊ້ ວິທີທາງ ສາມາດປັບປຸງຄວາມຮູ້ ແລະ ຄວາມສາມາດຂອງຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນ ໃນການປະຕິບັດ ການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ທີ່ດິນແບບຍືດຍົງໄດ້ບໍ່?
  • ບໍ່
  • ມີ, ໜ້ອຍໜຶ່ງ
  • ມີ, ພໍສົມຄວນ
  • ມີ, ຫຼາຍ

The product development skills are further strengthened through training and exposure visits. Likewise, the knowledge of SLM has enhanced, where for instance, the farmers have started planting bamboo in degraded lands especially triggered by newly constructed roads.

ການນໍາໃຊ້ ວິທີທາງ ສາມາດສ້າງຄວາມເຂັ້ມແຂງ ໃຫ້ສະຖາບັນການຈັດຕັ້ງ, ການຮ່ວມມື ລະຫວ່າງພາກສ່ວນທີ່ກ່ຽວຂ້ອງບໍ່?
  • ບໍ່
  • ມີ, ໜ້ອຍໜຶ່ງ
  • ມີ, ພໍສົມຄວນ
  • ມີ, ຫຼາຍ

The approach could bring different stakeholders such as UNDP, Bhutan Orchids, Dzongkhag Administration and Forest Offices, Department of Forests and Park Services and the local community together onboard to achieve goals of sustaining raw materials and improving rural livelihood.

ການນໍາໃຊ້ ວິທີທາງ ສາມາດຫຼຸດຜ່ອນ ຂໍ້ຂັດແຍ່ງໄດ້ບໍ່?
  • ບໍ່
  • ມີ, ໜ້ອຍໜຶ່ງ
  • ມີ, ພໍສົມຄວນ
  • ມີ, ຫຼາຍ

Though no major conflicts in the community existed earlier, the institution of the approach further enhanced the community coordination in utilizing natural raw materials. For instance, every household is allotted 2 acres each to collect the raw materials, which ensures equity amongst the community members.

ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ວິທີທາງ ສາມາດສ້າງຄວາມເຂັ້ມແຂງ ທາງສັງຄົມ ແລະ ເສດຖະກິດບໍ່?
  • ບໍ່
  • ມີ, ໜ້ອຍໜຶ່ງ
  • ມີ, ພໍສົມຄວນ
  • ມີ, ຫຼາຍ

The equal share of the area allocated for raw materials collection has eradicated the bias between economically advantaged and disadvantaged households. Moreover, the 20% remittance compulsorily levied on every sale has improved the group's fund.

ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ວິທີທາງ ສາມາດປັບປຸງ ຄວາມສະເໜີພາບ ຂອງບົດບາດ ຍິງຊາຍ ແລະ ສ້າງຄວາມເຂັ້ມແຂງໃຫ້ຜູ້ຍິງໄດ້ບໍ່?
  • ບໍ່
  • ມີ, ໜ້ອຍໜຶ່ງ
  • ມີ, ພໍສົມຄວນ
  • ມີ, ຫຼາຍ

Participation in the program/group activities has no gender discrimination.

ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ວິທີທາງ ສາມາດປັບປຸງ ປະເດັນການຖືຄອງທີ່ດິນ / ສິດທິໃນການນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນ ທີ່ເຊື່ອງຊ້ອນໃນການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ ການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງໄດ້ບໍ?
  • ບໍ່
  • ມີ, ໜ້ອຍໜຶ່ງ
  • ມີ, ພໍສົມຄວນ
  • ມີ, ຫຼາຍ

The permits have been passed to establish 45 acres of germplasm in state land, without having to use cultivatable individual lands.

ການນໍາໃຊ້ ວິທີທາງ ໄດ້ປັບປຸງ ການຄໍ້າປະກັນສະບຽງອາຫານ ຫຼື ປັບປຸງໂຄສະນາການໄດ້ບໍ່?
  • ບໍ່
  • ມີ, ໜ້ອຍໜຶ່ງ
  • ມີ, ພໍສົມຄວນ
  • ມີ, ຫຼາຍ

The income earned through the implementation of technology under this approach has enhanced family income, leading to enhanced food security and improved nutrition.

ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ວິທີທາງ ສາມາດປັບປຸງ ການເຂົ້າເຖິງຕະຫຼາດໄດ້ບໍ?
  • ບໍ່
  • ມີ, ໜ້ອຍໜຶ່ງ
  • ມີ, ພໍສົມຄວນ
  • ມີ, ຫຼາຍ

The arts and crafts expo opportunities provided by various institutions have led to market enhancements. Thereby, people have started selling fewer products with higher market prices, unlike in earlier years when people used to earn very little even by selling a large number of products.

ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ວິທີທາງ ສາມາດສ້າງຄວາມອາດສາມາດໃຫ້ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນ ໃນການປັບຕົວ ຕໍ່ການປ່ຽນແປງດິນຟ້າອາກາດ / ຫຼດຜ່ອນຄວາມສ່ຽງທາງໄພພິບັດໄດ້ບໍ? :
  • ບໍ່
  • ມີ, ໜ້ອຍໜຶ່ງ
  • ມີ, ພໍສົມຄວນ
  • ມີ, ຫຼາຍ

The establishment of germplasm under the approach has led to higher vegetation coverage, which ultimately addresses climate-related disasters in the long run.

ການນໍາໃຊ້ ວິທີທາງ ໄດ້ປັບປຸງ ການຈ້າງງານ, ໂອກາດ ໃນການສ້າງລາຍຮັບບໍ່?
  • ບໍ່
  • ມີ, ໜ້ອຍໜຶ່ງ
  • ມີ, ພໍສົມຄວນ
  • ມີ, ຫຼາຍ

The people back in the community are able to engage in making bamboo and cane products besides their usual farm activities. And the income earned by selling these products has enhanced the family income.

6.2 ແຮງຈູງໃຈຫຼັກຂອງຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນໃນການປະຕິບັດການຄຸ້ມຄອງທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ

  • ກໍາໄລເພີ່ມຂຶ້ນ (ຄວາມສາມາດ), ການປັບປຸງຄ່າໃຊ້ຈ່າຍ, ຜົນປະໂຫຍດ, ອັດຕາສ່ວນ

The bamboo and cane plantations help increase the raw materials to produce bamboo and cane products. The products fetch good prices and increase the income of the group members. In general, an annual income range of Nu. 20,000 - 25,000 is made by each household at present.

  • ລວມເຂົ້ານໍາກັນກັບການເຄື່ອນໄຫວ / ໂຄງການ / ກຸ່ມ / ເຄືອຂ່າຍ

The community aspired to reach and link their ancestral legacies of arts and crafts beyond their community.

  • ຄວາມຮັບຮູ້ ທາງສີ່ງແວດລ້ອມ

As per the respondents, the intervention to ensure the sustenance of raw materials was the most important of all.

  • ການຫຼຸດຜ່ອນຂໍ້ຂັດແຍ່ງ

To ensure and provide equal opportunities to every individual household to collect the raw materials.

6.3 ຄວາມຍືນຍົງຂອງກິດຈະກໍາວິທີທາງ

ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ ທີ່ດິນ ສາມາດສືບຕໍ່ ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ຜ່ານວິທີທາງໄດ້ບໍ່ (ໂດຍປາດສະຈາກ ການຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ ຈາກພາກສ່ວນພາຍນອກ)?
  • ບໍ່ມີ
ຖ້າ ບໍ່ ຫຼື ບໍ່ແນ່ໃຈ, ໃຫ້ອະທິບາຍ ແລະ ຄໍາເຫັນ:

Since the establishment, no additional funds have been provided to the community. However, the land users earn income from the sale of bamboo products, and whatever activities related to the approach arise like the need for plantations after harvest or care of some plantations, the land users work together. So, land users have been sustaining what has been implemented through the approach. The bamboo and cane plantations give raw materials to the land users and the land users in turn from their income of bamboo and cane products replace harvested rhizomes.

6.4 ຈຸດແຂງ / ຂໍ້ດີ ຂອງວິທີທາງ

ຈຸດແຂງ / ຂໍ້ດີ / ໂອກາດໃນການນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນ
Preserve and promote ancestral arts and crafts skills.
Dedicated germplasm (bamboo and cane) established.
Income generation through the sale of bamboo and cane products.
Sustainable harvest of natural raw materials.
ຈຸດແຂງ / ຈຸດດີ / ໂອກາດ ຈາກທັດສະນະຂອງຜູ້ປ້ອນຂໍ້ມູນ ຫຼື ບຸກຄົນສຳຄັນ
Social cohesion through collaboration and coordination among the land users in the group.
Bamboo and cane have extensive root systems that help prevent erosion, stabilize soil, and reduce landslide risks.
Employment opportunities.
Products made from bamboo and cane are biodegradable, reducing the environmental impact.
Higher vegetation cover.
Sustainable utilization of forest resources (bamboo and cane).
Diversify income sources of the land users.

6.5 ຈຸດອ່ອນ / ຂໍ້ເສຍຂອງແນວທາງ ແລະ ວິທີການແກ້ໄຂໃຫ້ເຂົາເຈົ້າ

ຈຸດອ່ອນ / ຂໍ້ເສຍ / ຄວາມສ່ຽງໃນມູມມອງຂອງຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນ ມີວິທີການແກ້ໄຂຄືແນວໃດ?
The identified germplasm area lacks suitable places for convenient plantations. The majority of the area is rugged terrain and steep. Exclude the steep and rugged terrains. Explore and identify suitable and convenient areas for plantation.
The wooden fencing poles surrounding the germplasm area are not durable (cannot withstand barbed wires for longer periods). Replace the wooden fencing poles with steel posts or other durable materials.
No funds to scale up. For instance, the canes lost in the 2017 forest fire have not been re-generated like bamboo. Additional funds are to be sought to scale up the plantation programs.

7. ເອກກະສານອ້າງອີງ ແລະ ຂໍ້ມູນການເຊື່ອມໂຍງ

7.1 ວິທີການ / ແຫຼ່ງຂໍ້ມູນ

  • ການໄປຢ້ຽມຢາມພາກສະໜາມ, ການສໍາຫຼວດພາກສະໜາມ

4

  • ການສໍາພາດ ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນ

4

7.3 ການເຊື່ອມຕໍ່ກັບຂໍ້ມູນທີ່ກ່ຽວຂ້ອງທີ່ສາມາດໃຊ້ອອນໄລນ໌

ຫົວຂໍ້ / ພັນລະນາ:

Bamboo/cane plantation to sustain Monpa livelihood

URL:

https://kuenselonline.com/bamboocane-plantation-to-sustain-monpa-livelihood/

ຫົວຂໍ້ / ພັນລະນາ:

Monpa, the early settlers of Bhutan in Jigme Singye Wangchuck National Park and conservation strategy

URL:

https://researchoutput.csu.edu.au/en/publications/monpa-the-early-settlers-of-bhutan-in-jigme-singye-wangchuck-nati

ຫົວຂໍ້ / ພັນລະນາ:

Monpas of Bhutan: A Study of Tribal Survival and Development Responses

URL:

https://architales.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/03-Raghubir-CHANDp25-37.pdf

ຂໍ້ມູນການເຊື່ອມຕໍ່ ແລະ ເນື້ອໃນ

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