1.2 ລາຍລະອຽດ ການຕິດຕໍ່ ຂອງບຸກຄົນທີ່ຊັບພະຍາກອນ ແລະ ສະຖາບັນ ການມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມ ໃນການປະເມີນຜົນ ແລະ ເອກະສານ ຂອງວິທີທາງ

ຊື່ຂອງໂຄງການ ທີ່ອໍານວຍຄວາມສະດວກ ໃນການສ້າງເອກກະສານ ຫຼື ປະເມີນດ້ານແນວທາງ (ຖ້າກ່ຽວຂ້ອງ)

Strengthening national-level institutional and professional capacities of country Parties towards enhanced UNCCD monitoring and reporting – GEF 7 EA Umbrella II (GEF 7 UNCCD Enabling Activities_Umbrella II)

ຊື່ຂອງ ສະຖາບັນການຈັດຕັ້ງ ທີ່ອໍານວຍຄວາມສະດວກ ໃນການສ້າງເອກກະສານ ຫຼື ປະເມີນແນວທາງ (ຖ້າກ່ຽວຂ້ອງ)

National Soil Services Centre, Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture & Livestock (NSSC) - ບູຕານ

1.3 ເງື່ອນໄຂ ຂອງການນໍາໃຊ້ເອກກະສານຂໍ້ມູນ ຂອງ WOCAT

ເມື່ອໃດທີ່ໄດ້ສັງລວມຂໍ້ມູນ (ຢູ່ພາກສະໜາມ)?

17/07/2023

ຜູ້ສັງລວມ ແລະ ບັນດາຜູ້ຕອບແບບສອບຖາມ ຍອມຮັບໃນເງື່ອນໄຂ ການນໍາໃຊ້ຂໍ້ມູນເອກະສານ ທີ່ສ້າງຂື້ນ ໂດຍຜ່ານ ອົງການ WOCAT:

ແມ່ນ

2.1 ການອະທິບາຍ ໂດຍຫຍໍ້ ຂອງວິທີທາງ

The Darla dairy cooperative is an example of where farmers come together to form collective organizations for production, collection, transportation, processing, and marketing of milk and dairy products. These are business models operated as member-owned and member-controlled organizations.

2.2 ການອະທິບາຍ ລາຍລະອຽດ ຂອງວິທີທາງ

ການອະທິບາຍ ລາຍລະອຽດ ຂອງວິທີທາງ:

Livestock in Bhutan are reared for a multitude of purposes, encompassing the production of milk, food, and dung, as well as serving as a means of generating draught power, generating revenue, and accumulating assets. Dairy products, particularly butter and cheese, occupy significant significance within the Bhutanese nutritional framework and have emerged as a noteworthy economic resource for certain households in recent times. Knowing its importance many Bhutanese farmers are forming the cooperative groups. One thing that has been constantly growing over the years in Darla Gewog under Chhukha Dzongkhag is a Farmer’s Cooperative.
Darla dairy cooperatives are business owned and operated by dairy farmers, designed to collectively manage market milk and dairy products (Singh & Gupta, 2015). One of their main features is the collective ownership structure, where farmers become members and actively participate in decision-making processes. By pooling resources, dairy cooperatives enable farmers to access shared facilities, such as milk processing plants and storage, reducing individual cost and enhancing efficiency. Additionally, they offer fair and transparent pricing mechanisms, ensuring farmers receive a competitive price for their milk. Dairy cooperatives also provide valuable technical assistant, training, and access to markets, supporting farmer's growth and sustainability in the dairy industry (USDA, 2015).
The aims and objectives of dairy cooperatives revolve around empowering dairy farmers and promoting their collective welfare. One of the primary objectives is to facilitate shared ownership and democratic decision-making, allowing farmers to collectively manage their dairy operation. Another key aim is to ensure fair and equitable distribution of profits among members, promoting economic sustainability and social development within the dairy community. Dairy cooperatives also strive to provide access to modern technologies empowering farmers with the knowledge and skill needed for sustainable dairy farming practices (FAO, 2019).
The formation of a dairy cooperative typically involves several methods and steps to ensure successful establishment. Firstly, a core group of dairy farmers with common goals come together to initiate the cooperative. They conduct meetings, gauge interest, and identify potential members. Once the core group is established, they create formal bylaws that outline the cooperative's objectives, membership criteria, decision-making processes and profit-sharing mechanisms. To attract more members, awareness campaigns and informational sessions organized by gewog livestock extension agents showcase the benefits of joining the cooperatives. Financial planning and livestock management efforts are also undertaken to raise the necessary capital for initial investments, such as setting up milk processing facilities and infrastructures. There are 101 registered dairy farmers who contribute milk through the cooperative. The dairy cooperative is operated by 6 core members who manage the daily activities.

Dairy cooperatives play a crucial role in the dairy industry by bringing together various stakeholders and facilitating their collaboration. The primary stakeholders involved in dairy cooperative includes dairy farmers who are the core members and owner of the cooperative. They actively participate in decision-making and contribute their milk to the cooperative for processing and marketing. Additionally, consumers are significant stakeholders as they rely on dairy cooperatives to provide them with high quality milk and dairy product. Other stakeholders like the gewog livestock extension agent, the District livestock officer and other officials are involved in a meeting which is conducted twice a year. Marketing opportunities are the main driving forces for producers to produce more of any type of product. Identification of market opportunities and the development of proper marketing strategies for milk and milk products for selected groups of villages would be a useful approach to support dairy cooperatives.

2.3 ຮູບພາບຂອງແນວທາງ

2.5 ປະເທດ / ເຂດ / ສະຖານທີ່ບ່ອນທີ່ແນວທາງໄດ້ຖືກນໍາໃຊ້

2.6 ວັນທີເລີ່ມຕົ້ນ ແລະ ສິ້ນສຸດ ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕີບັດ ວິທີທາງ

2.7 ປະເພດຂອງແນວທາງ

• ການລິເລີ່ມ ພາຍໃນປະເທດ ທີ່ຜ່ານມາ / ນະວັດຕະກໍາ

2.8 ເປົ້າໝາຍ / ຈຸດປະສົງຫຼັກ ຂອງການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ວິທີທາງ

The dairy cooperative aims to increase income through marketing of surplus milk, by engaging unemployed youths. Such intervention is expected to address problem srelated to rural urban migration.

2.9 ເງື່ອນໄຂອໍານວຍ ຫຼື ຂັດຂວາງການປະຕິບັດຂອງເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ / ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີການນໍາໃຊ້ຕາມແນວທາງ

3.1 ຜູ້ມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມ ໃນວິທີທາງ ແລະ ພາລະບົດບາດ ຂອງເຂົາເຈົ້າ

3.2 ການມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມຂອງຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນໃນທ້ອງຖິ່ນ / ຊຸມຊົນທ້ອງຖິ່ນໃນໄລຍະທີ່ແຕກຕ່າງກັນຂອງແນວທາງ

	ການລວບລວມ ເອົາຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນ ໃນທ້ອງຖິ່ນ / ຊຸມຊົນທ້ອງຖິ່ນ	ໃຫ້ລະບຸ ຜູ້ໃດທີ່ມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມ ໃນແຕ່ລະກິດຈະກໍາ?
ການເລີ່ມຕົ້ນ / ແຮງຈູງໃຈ	ການຮ່ວມມື	The core dairy farmers with guidance from the Gewog Livestock Extension Agent came up with ideas to establish a dairy cooperative/group.
ການວາງແຜນ	ການຮ່ວມມື	Core members along with intellectual people from the village assisted by gewog livestock extension agent planned and proposed.
ການປະຕິບັດ	ການຮ່ວມມື	Interested dairy farmers supported by the gewog livestock agent and dzongkhag implemented the activity following the workplan and bylaws agreed upon.
ຕິດຕາມກວດກາ / ການປະເມີນຜົນ	ການຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອຈາກພາຍນອກ	The activities of the dairy cooperatives are monitored periodically through field visit, monthly report, Bi-annual general assembly meeting and annual audit.

3.3 ແຜນວາດ (ຖ້າມີ)

3.4 ການຕັດສິນໃຈກ່ຽວກັບການຄັດເລືອກເຕັກໂນໂລຢີຂອງການຄຸ້ມຄອງທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ / ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ

ລະບຸ ຄົນທີ່ຕັດສິນໃຈ ກ່ຽວກັບການຄັດເລືອກຂອງ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ / ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ ຈະໄດ້ຮັບການປະຕິບັດ:

• ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນຜູ້ດຽວ (ການລິເລີ່ມດ້ວຍຕົນເອງ)

ອະທິບາຍ:

The idea was conceptualized by the core group members, and accordingly planned and dairy cooperative was established initially. The engagement of other stakeholders came after the establishment.

Specify on what basis decisions were made:

• ປະສົບການສ່ວນບຸກຄົນ ແລະ ຄວາມຄິດເຫັນ (ທີ່ບໍ່ເປັນເອກກະສານ)

4.1 ການສ້າງຄວາມສາມາດ / ການຝຶກອົບຮົມ

ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນ ຫຼື ພາກສ່ວນກ່ຽວຂ້ອງອື່ນໆ ໄດ້ຮັບການຝຶກອົບຮົມບໍ່?

ແມ່ນ

ໃຫ້ລະບຸ ຜູ້ໃດທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບການຝຶກອົບຮົມ:

• ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນ

ຮູບແບບຂອງການຝຶກອົບຮົມ:

• ການເຮັດຕົວຈິງ

ໃນຫົວຂໍ້:

Group mobilization, bookkeeping , planning
Hygienic and clean milk production, collection, transportation, and processing.
Breeding and management (AI, Housing, feeding system)

ຄວາມຄິດເຫັນ:

The specialized training was provided by subject matter specialist, and on basic topic by the respective Extension Agent

4.2 ການບໍລິການໃຫ້ຄໍາປຶກສາ

ເຮັດຜູ້ໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນມີການເຂົ້າເຖິງການບໍລິການໃຫ້ຄໍາປຶກສາ?

ແມ່ນ

ລະບຸວ່າການສະໜອງ ການບໍລິການ ໃຫ້ຄໍາປຶກສາ:

• ໃນພື້ນທີ່ຂອງຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນ

ອະທິບາຍ / ຄວາມຄິດເຫັນ:

Officials from NCOA Yusipang monitored their work, and livestock officials organized awareness program on the management, care, prevention and control of common cattle diseases

4.3 ສະຖາບັນການສ້າງຄວາມເຂັ້ມແຂງ (ການພັດທະນາອົງການຈັດຕັ້ງ)

ສະຖາບັນ ໄດ້ຮັບການສ້າງຕັ້ງຂື້ນ ຫຼື ໄດ້ຮັບການສ້າງຄວາມເຂັ້ມແຂງ ໂດຍການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ວິທີທາງບໍ່?

• ມີ, ພໍສົມຄວນ

ລະບຸ ທາງສະຖາບັນ ໄດ້ສ້າງຄວາມເຂັ້ມແຂງ ໃນລະດັບໃດ (ຫຼາຍ):

• ທ້ອງຖິ່ນ

ອະທິບາຍ ສະຖາບັນການຈັດຕັ້ງ, ພາລະບົດບາດ ແລະ ໜ້າທີ່ຮັບຜິດຊອບ, ສະມາຊິກ ແລະ ອື່ນໆ.

The number of dairy cooperative members have increased by 15 households.

ລະບຸ ປະເພດ ຂອງສະໜັບສະໜູນ:

• ອຸປະກອນ

ໃຫ້ລາຍລະອຽດເພີ່ມເຕີມ:

All members of the cooperative were supplied with milk cans to collect, store and transport milk

4.4 ຕິດຕາມກວດກາ ແລະ ປະເມີນຜົນ

ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ວິທີທາງ ໄດ້ມີການປະເມີນຜົນ ແລະ ຕິດຕາມບໍ?

ແມ່ນ

ຄວາມຄິດເຫັນ:

Physical on site monitoring and evaluating the quality, standard, cleanliness of the work and products

ຖ້າແມ່ນ, ເອກກະສານສະບັບນີ້ ແມ່ນໄດ້ນໍາໃຊ້ເຂົ້າໃນການຕິດຕາມ ແລະ ປະເມີນຜົນບໍ່?

ບໍ່ແມ່ນ

4.5 ການຄົ້ນຄວ້າ

ນີ້້ແມ່ນສ່ວນໜຶ່ງ ການຄົ້ນຄວ້າ ຂອງວິທີທາງບໍ່?

ບໍ່ແມ່ນ

5.1 ງົບປະມານປະຈໍາປີ ສໍາລັບວິທີທາງ ຂອງການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ

ຖ້າຫາກບໍ່ຮູ້ຈັດງົບປະມານທີ່ແນ່ນອນ ແມ່ນໃຫ້ປະມານເອົາ:

• 10,000-100,000

ຄໍາເຫັນ (ຕົວຢ່າງ: ແຫຼ່ງຂໍ້ມູນຫຼັກ ຂອງການສະໜອງທຶນ / ຜູ້ໃຫ້ທຶນທີ່ສໍາຄັນ):

The approach was implemented with the seed money collected from the members.

5.2 ການສະໜັບສະໜູນ ທາງດ້ານການເງິນ / ອຸປະກອນ ສະໜອງໃຫ້ແກ່ຜູ້ນໍາທີ່ດິນ

ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນ ໄດ້ຮັບການສະໜັບສະໜູນ ທາງດ້ານ ການເງິນ / ອຸປະກອນ ໃນການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີບໍ?

ແມ່ນ

ຖ້າແມ່ນ, ໃຫ້ລະບຸປະເພດ (ຫຼາຍ) ຂອງການສະໜັບສະໜູນ, ເງື່ອນໄຂ ແລະ ຜູູ້ສະໜອງ (ຫຼາຍ):

They were provided with the milk processing equipment

5.3 ເງິນສົມທົບສໍາລັບການນໍາໃຊ້ສະເພາະປັດໃຈຂາເຂົ້າໃນການຜະລີດກະສິກໍາ (ລວມທັງແຮງງານ)

• ກະສິກໍາ

ຄວາມຄິດເຫັນ:

The government fully funded construction of milk processing, and is being operated by the cooperative free of cost.

5.4 ສິນເຊື່ອ

ໄດ້ປ່ອຍສິນເຊື່ອ ສະໜອງໃຫ້ພາຍໃຕ້ ວິທີການສໍາລັບກິດຈະກໍາ ການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນນຍົງບໍ່?

ບໍ່ແມ່ນ

5.5 ສິ່ງຈູງໃຈ ຫຼື ເຄື່ອງມືອື່ນໆ

ການສົ່ງເສີມ ຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ ໃນການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ ໄດ້ສະໜອງສິ່ງກະຕຸກຊຸກຍູ້ບໍ່?

ບໍ່ແມ່ນ

6.1 ຜົນກະທົບຂອງແນວທາງ

6.2 ແຮງຈູງໃຈຫຼັກຂອງຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນໃນການປະຕິບັດການຄຸ້ມຄອງທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ

6.3 ຄວາມຍືນຍົງຂອງກິດຈະກໍາວິທີທາງ

ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ ທີ່ດິນ ສາມາດສືບຕໍ່ ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ຜ່ານວິທີທາງໄດ້ບໍ່ (ໂດຍປາດສະຈາກ ການຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ ຈາກພາກສ່ວນພາຍນອກ)?

• ແມ່ນ

ຖ້າ ໄດ້, ອະທິບາຍເຫດຜົນ:

The initial investment has been recovered, and current income meets the operation cost.

6.4 ຈຸດແຂງ / ຂໍ້ດີ ຂອງວິທີທາງ

ຈຸດແຂງ / ຂໍ້ດີ / ໂອກາດໃນການນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນ
Source of cash income
Increased cooperation and network
improve household livelihood

ຈຸດແຂງ / ຈຸດດີ / ໂອກາດ ຈາກທັດສະນະຂອງຜູ້ປ້ອນຂໍ້ມູນ ຫຼື ບຸກຄົນສຳຄັນ
Creates employment opportunities to the school drop-outs and rural youths
Contributes to food security and better nutrition

6.5 ຈຸດອ່ອນ / ຂໍ້ເສຍຂອງແນວທາງ ແລະ ວິທີການແກ້ໄຂໃຫ້ເຂົາເຈົ້າ

ຈຸດອ່ອນ / ຂໍ້ເສຍ / ຄວາມສ່ຽງໃນມູມມອງຂອງຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນ	ມີວິທີການແກ້ໄຂຄືແນວໃດ?
Scattered settlement and production	Increase the number of transportation vehicles, improve road connectivity
Short shelf life of milk	Try marketing in nearby places if possible, install cold chain facilities
Delay in payment	Create a terms of agreement with the retailers to ensure payment on time

ຈຸດອ່ອນ ຫຼື ຂໍ້ເສຍ ຫຼື ຄວາມສ່ຽງ ໃນມຸມມອງຂອງ ຜູ້ສັງລວມຂໍ້ມູນ ຫຼື ບັນດາຜູ້ຕອບແບບສອບຖາມ	ມີວິທີການແກ້ໄຂຄືແນວໃດ?
No proper market outlet for wholesale marketing	explore market outside gewog

7.1 ວິທີການ / ແຫຼ່ງຂໍ້ມູນ

7.3 ການເຊື່ອມຕໍ່ກັບຂໍ້ມູນທີ່ກ່ຽວຂ້ອງທີ່ສາມາດໃຊ້ອອນໄລນ໌

ຫົວຂໍ້ / ພັນລະນາ:

Cooperatives in the Dairy Industry

URL:

https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://www.rd.usda.gov/files/cir1-16.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwi9z4b8-Z6AAxV7umMGHQsgBZUQFnoECBMQAQ&usg=AOvVaw0jmrAUETNEh8crEba04qjj

ຫົວຂໍ້ / ພັນລະນາ:

Dairy development through cooperative structure

URL:

https://www.fao.org/3/T3080T/t3080T0a.htm

ຫົວຂໍ້ / ພັນລະນາ:

Analysis of knowledge and adoption level of the dairy farmers regarding clean milk production (CMP) practices

URL:

https://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:jdfhs&volume=34&issue=3&article=002