1.2 Detalhes do contato das pessoas capacitadas e instituições envolvidas na avaliação e documentação da abordagem

Nome da(s) instituição(ões) que facilitou(ram) a documentação/avaliação da Abordagem (se relevante)

Orissa Government - Índia

1.3 Condições em relação ao uso da informação documentada através de WOCAT

O compilador e a(s) pessoa(s) capacitada(s) aceitam as condições relativas ao uso de dados documentados através do WOCAT:

Sim

1.4 Referência ao(s) questionário(s) sobre tecnologias da GST

2.1 Descrição curta da abordagem

Participatory approach for holistic and intigrated development of the defined area on watershed basis involving all level of stake holders.

2.2 Descrição detalhada da abordagem

Descrição detalhada da abordagem:

Aims / objectives: Long term - Establish suitable and locally acceptable land use system which are sustainable and ecologically sound.The land use system should enable the poor rural community to improve their living condition and tsupply of food, fuel and fodder and other essentials, without exposing the natural resources to harmful stress. Intermediate Objective- Preserve the resource base by introducing improvemnets which are feasible, effective and attractive to the target groups in the area by combining elements of soil conservation, crop production, horticulture, animal husbandary and tree planting in such a way that sustaibale use is made of every niche of land within the watershed.

Methods: (1) Mobilization of community by NGO/ GO people through meetings. (2) Demonstration at the field level. (3) Organizing farmers field day. (4) Exposure visit to the watershed area. (5) Training. (6) Land development activities,

Stages of implementation: (1) Socio economic survey. (2) Participatory Rural Apprisal (PRA). (3) Preparation of participatory annual action plan with the community and village and watershed committee. (4) Consolidation of annual action plan by project management unit and circulation for comments to WDCU, DSC(O). (5) Approval of annual action plan by the state level project empowered committee and sanction of funds. (6) Implementation through community and mobilisation for labour contribution by the community (if such component are there). (7) Training at the field level. (8) Organizing monitoring by the community/ Specialist.

Role of stakeholders: NGO (Field Organizers)- Organizing village meeting and mobilization of community towards different activities and labour contribution organising PRA, meeting, group discussion, survey, formation of committee, preparation of AAP. Villagers:- Attendance of meeting, selection of beneficiaries from the target group and sites for different activities. Monitoring and implementation (Physical) of the activity. Youth facilitator:- The village youth facilitators played a key role through out the process of planning, implementation and monitoring and to solve the problems in case arises at any stage of the work. The village yourth facilitator acted as the link person between the community and the project. SWC (From Project management Unit) - Supervision, training to the SWC specialist, communicate new technology to the community. Beneficiaries:- Implementation, contribution of labour selection of his own land for SWC technology, monitoring, receive training, training before/during/afteer care.

Other important information: Government and NGO collaborately played a vital role to bring all level of stak holders to a common forum of participation.

2.3 Fotos da abordagem

2.5 País/região/locais onde a abordagem foi aplicada

2.6 Datas de início e término da abordagem

2.7 Tipo de abordagem

• Baseado em projeto/programa

2.8 Principais metas/objetivos da abordagem

The Approach focused mainly on SLM with other activities (Live stock development, SHG formation, management group, development of local committee, income generating, identification of 10 poorest and support for upliftment, training, women empowerment)

Long term - Establish suitable and locally acceptable land use system which are sustainable and ecologically sound. The land use system should enable the poor rural community to improve their living condition and tsupply of food, fuel and fodder and other essentials, without exposing the natural resources to harmful stress. Intermediate Objective- Preserve the resource base by introducing improvemnets which are feasible, effective and attractive to the target groups in the area by combining elements of soil conservation, crop production, horticulture, animal husbandary and tree planting in such a way that sustaibale use is made of every niche of land within the watershed. -Ease the pressure on non arable lands by increasing the productivity of land which is suitable for more intensive use which is suitable for more intesive use without risk of loss in soil fertility. -Provide marginal farmers and landless people with assests which yield essentials or generate income possibilities. Immediate: Relevant authorities will identify, plan for implement and monitor proper conservation measures and land use system acceptable and in cooperation with the people in the project area of Koraput and Malkangiri districts. Thereby increase production of agricultural and other rural products and improve gainful, empowerment opportunity for men and women among landless , small and marginal farmers.

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: (1) Both the project districts like Koraput & Malkangiri are among the most poor, backward with 90% of the house hold are below the official poverty line. Literacy rate is just above 10%. (2) The dry land farming is predeminant activity. (3) The soil in the districts suffer from severe land degradation and erosion problems needing protectin and preservation measures.

2.9 Condição que propiciam ou inibem a implementação de tecnologia/tecnologias aplicada(s) segundo a abordagem

3.1 Partes interessadas envolvidas na abordagem e seus papéis

3.2 Envolvimento do usuários de terra/comunidades locais nas diferentes fases da abordagem

	Envolvimento do usuários de terra/comunidades locais	Especifique quem estava envolvido e descreva as atividades
Iniciação/motivação	Apoio externo	public meetings; General village level meeting organized village committee members selected. Youth facilitator selected. Due to presence of NGO all villagers were mobilized to join in the mainstream of the project.
Planejamento	Participativo	All community were associated in planning meeting and PRA . Addl land survey made in association with land users. Need assessment made for each house hold in association with the villagers. Approval of action plan in watershed and village committee.
Implementação	Apoio externo
Monitoramento/avaliação	Participativo	At different level of meeting the land users views collected. The watershed committee (consisting of members from all villages) was the main body for monitoring and evaluation of the activities.
Research	Participativo	on-station; Only for limited activities some soil testing made in the soil research station of the district.

3.3 Fluxograma (se disponível)

3.4 Decisão sobre a seleção de tecnologia/tecnologias de GST

Especifique quem decidiu sobre a seleção de tecnologia/tecnologias a serem implementadas:

• Principalmente usuários da terra, apoiados por especialistas em GST

Explique:

Many technologies has been takn up from the guide line of NWDPRA. But some are also innovative one emerged from the project level. However whenever any technology decided to be implemented, the land users view aloways respected for sustainable of the activity and transferred appropriate technology.

Decisions on the method of implementing the SLM Technology were made by mainly by land users supported by SLM specialists. Relating to the method of implementation fo the activity, the suggestion of the land users played a vital role.

4.1 Reforço das capacidades/formação

Foi oferecida formação aos usuários da terra/outras partes interessadas?

Sim

Especifique quem foi capacitado:

• Usuários de terra

• SWC specialists, extensionists/trainers, Local Invitor

Tipo de formação:

• Em exercício
• Agricultor para agricultor
• Áreas de demonstração
• Reuniões públicas
• Cursos

Tipo de formação:

• Courses and class room training

Assuntos abordados:

Method of implementation, merits, demerits of the technology, maintenance, socio-economic dimension, exposure visit, management committee formation for sustainability of the technolotgy.

4.2 Serviço de consultoria

Os usuários de terra têm acesso a um serviço de consultoria?

Sim

Especifique se foi oferecido serviço de consultoria:

• Em centros permanentes

Descreva/comentários:

Name of method used for advisory service: Training and exposure visit, demonstration, meeting.; Key elements: Meeting and group discussion., Individual beneficiary interaction., Filed visit and watershed level exihibition.; 1) Advisory service was carried out through: projects own extension structure and agents; Extension staff: mainly government employees 3) Target groups for extension: land users; Activities: Demonstration, exposure visit, training, meeting, group discussion

Advisory service is inadequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; In knowledge it is adequate, but the approach is plicy based. So the continuation can not be guaranted fully.

4.3 Fortalecimento da instituição (desenvolvimento organizacional)

As instituições foram fortalecidas ou estabelecidas através da abordagem?

• Sim, moderadamente

Especifique a que nível (níveis) as instituições foram fortalecidas ou estabelecidas:

• Local

Especifique o tipo de apoio:

• Reforço das capacidades/formação

4.4 Monitoramento e avaliação

Monitoramento e avaliação são partes da abordagem?

Sim

Comentários:

bio-physical aspects were regular monitored through observationse

technical aspects were regular monitored through measurements

socio-cultural aspects were regular monitored through observations

economic / production aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations

area treated aspects were regular monitored through measurements

no. of land users involved aspects were regular monitored through measurements

management of Approach aspects were regular monitored through measurements

There were several changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: (1) Many new activities introduced. (2) More funds diverted to the poverty oriented activities (3) Like income generating activities changes in last norm of NGO operational expenditure to give more priority on community participation. (4) 10 poorest identified were appreciated and suggested for concetration of their socio economic upliftment.

4.5 Pesquisa

A pesquisa foi parte da abordagem?

Sim

5.1 Orçamento anual para o componente de GST da abordagem

Caso o orçamento exato seja desconhecido, indique a faixa:

• < 2.000

Comentários (p. ex. principais fontes de recursos/principais doadores):

Approach costs were met by the following donors: government (national - Salary and other expences of staff): 18.0%; international (DANIDA 13.25): 75.0%; local community / land user(s) (-): 7.0%

5.2 Apoio financeiro/material concedido aos usuários da terra

Os usuários da terra receberam apoio financeiro/material para a implementação de tecnologia/tecnologias?

Sim

5.3 Subsídios para entradas específicas (incluindo mão-de-obra)

• Equipamento

• Agrícola

• Infraestrutura

Se a mão-de-obra pelos usuários da terra foi uma entrada substancial, isso foi:

• Pago em dinheiro

Comentários:

Govt. wages for their labour work.

5.4 Crédito

Foi concedido crédito segundo a abordagem para atividades de GST?

Não

6.1 Impactos da abordagem

6.3 Atividades de sustentabilidade de abordagem

Os usuários da terra podem manter o que foi implementado através da abordagem (sem apoio externo)?

• Sim

Caso afirmativo, descreva como:

The land users can continue the approach due to following reasons. - Low cost. - Skill transferred to the community - Management committee has been frame. - The farmers have realised the benefit in their own land and demonstration plot. - Registered VDA has established in all the villages for management and financial support to poor land users.

6.4 Pontos fortes/vantagens da abordagem

Pontos fortes/vantagens/oportunidades na visão do usuário da terra
Community level institutions like VDA, SHGs has been formed.
Technology with the skill of implementation has been transferred . Technology with the skill of implementation has been transferred to the community.
Two well trained village ficilitators are existing in all the villages who are well on all aspects of the projecttrained.

Pontos fortes/vantagens/oportunidades na visão do compilador ou de outra pessoa capacitada
NGO cooperation (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: The Govt. should take it as a policy.)
Registered VDA existed in all the village (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: They should be honour/ recognse and get priority at all official lelvel)
SHG (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: All SHG must be tagged with banks and after institutions which has done by the project to a great extent.)
Village Facilitator (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: District administration may utilise their services.)

7.1 Métodos/fontes de informação

7.2 Referências às publicações disponíveis

Título, autor, ano, ISBN:

Plan of Operation (First, Second)

Disponível de onde? Custos?

Director, Soil Conservation, Orissa

Título, autor, ano, ISBN:

Guide line for NWDPRA

Disponível de onde? Custos?

Agriculture Depaprtment, Govt. of India