Abordagens

Bio-gas [Nepal]

Gobar gas

approaches_2521 - Nepal

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1. Informação geral

1.2 Detalhes do contato das pessoas capacitadas e instituições envolvidas na avaliação e documentação da abordagem

Pessoa(s) capacitada(s)

Especialista em GST:
Especialista em GST:

Singh Abhishek

Kathmandu University

Nepal

Especialista em GST:

Bajracharya Luniva

Kathmandu University

Nepal

Especialista em GST:

Kayastha Priya

Kathmandu university

Nepal

Especialista em GST:

Rajhuram Baidhaya

VDC Sarada Database

Nepal

Nome da(s) instituição(ões) que facilitou(ram) a documentação/avaliação da Abordagem (se relevante)
Kathmandu University (KU) - Nepal
Nome da(s) instituição(ões) que facilitou(ram) a documentação/avaliação da Abordagem (se relevante)
Sarada Batase Village Development Committee (Sarada Batase VDC) - Nepal

1.3 Condições em relação ao uso da informação documentada através de WOCAT

Quando os dados foram compilados (no campo)?

10/04/2013

O compilador e a(s) pessoa(s) capacitada(s) aceitam as condições relativas ao uso de dados documentados através do WOCAT:

Sim

1.4 Referência ao(s) questionário(s) sobre tecnologias da GST

Bio Gas
technologies

Bio Gas [Nepal]

Production of fuel and manure from animal waste

  • Compilador/a: Sabita Aryal

2. Descrição da abordagem de GST

2.1 Descrição curta da abordagem

Production of fuel from the animal waste.

2.2 Descrição detalhada da abordagem

Descrição detalhada da abordagem:

Aims / objectives: It is used for cooking. It can be also used as compost manure which helps to save money to purchase fertilizer and even for electricity purpose.

Methods: By collecting as much as animal waste.

Stages of implementation: The project was first introduced by the Nether land government and handle to local people and was funded by Dutch Co-operation.

Role of stakeholders: They provide training to the local people

Other important information: It improved the economic status of people by obtaining the cheap fuel.

2.3 Fotos da abordagem

2.5 País/região/locais onde a abordagem foi aplicada

País:

Nepal

Região/Estado/Província:

Nepal

Especificação adicional de localização:

Kavre

2.6 Datas de início e término da abordagem

Indique o ano de início:

2055

Ano de término (caso a abordagem não seja mais aplicada):

2015

2.7 Tipo de abordagem

  • Baseado em projeto/programa

2.8 Principais metas/objetivos da abordagem

The Approach focused mainly on SLM with other activities (cooking,natural waste management ,economic support)

1.To provide economic support.
2.For cooking food.
3.For the management of animal waste.
4.For natural waste treatment.

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: Deforestation,low agricultural production,health sanitation and indoor pollution

2.9 Condição que propiciam ou inibem a implementação de tecnologia/tecnologias aplicada(s) segundo a abordagem

Normas e valores sociais/culturais/religiosos
  • Inibitivo

No any social problems

Treatment through the SLM Approach: Economically backward group were allowed to pay less as per income as renewal fund.

Disponibilidade/acesso a recursos e serviços financeiros
  • Inibitivo

Financial problems as the people could not afford the materials.

Treatment through the SLM Approach: But the organization provided the fund for the project.

Quadro institucional
  • Inibitivo

farmers did not know where to go when they needed advice regarding the procedure and funding required for the biogas production.

Treatment through the SLM Approach: programs were conducted to solve the problems and various institutions were assigned to help farmer if they had to go through any problem

Quadro jurídico (posse de terra, direitos de uso da terra e da água)
  • Propício

The existing land ownership, land use rights / water rights greatly helped the approach implementation: community ownership meant no hindrance to development.

Conhecimento sobre GST, acesso a suporte técnico
  • Inibitivo

lack of technical knowledge

Treatment through the SLM Approach: training was provided to the people.

3. Participação e papel das partes interessadas envolvidas

3.1 Partes interessadas envolvidas na abordagem e seus papéis

  • Usuários de terra/comunidades locais

They spread the approach to all the farmers. Since the people were financially aided by the Government as well as other international organisations it helped a bit fot the socially and economically disadvantaged group

  • Especialistas em GST/ consultor agrícola

They provide technical education and advices to farmers on the benefits of bio-gas plants.

  • Governo local

Village Development Commitee

  • Governo nacional (planejadores, responsáveis pelas decisões)

Agricultural Development bank of Nepal

The Ministry Of Finance help in the funding for the establishment of biogas plants through their agreement with the Agricultural Development Bank.

  • Organização internacional

SNV Netherlands Development Organisation

Caso várias partes interessadas foram envolvidas, indique a agência líder:

The Netherlands Development Organization helped to develop lower cost bio-gas and the agreement between the Ministry of Finance and SNV Nepal ,Agricultural Development Bank helped to promote and install this bio gas as indigenous and sustainable source of energy and also provided financial aid.

3.2 Envolvimento do usuários de terra/comunidades locais nas diferentes fases da abordagem
Envolvimento do usuários de terra/comunidades locais Especifique quem estava envolvido e descreva as atividades
Iniciação/motivação Participativo they interacted with the farmers discussing about the benefits of the bio-gas and how it could reduce their workload of firewood cutting and motivated them to use bio-gas .
Planejamento Apoio externo They conducted various programs to develop curiosity and anxiousness about the bio-gas production and provided financial aid.
Implementação Apoio externo Implementation was done by helping the farmers to get loan and subsidy from the Government and banks.
Monitoramento/avaliação Automobilização Monitoring and evaluation was done on the basis of how the new approach has affected the people's livelihood.
Research Nenhum no research were done

3.3 Fluxograma (se disponível)

Descrição:

The Netherlands Development organisation helped to develop lower cost bio-gas plants .The Ministry of Finance ,the Agricultural Bank of Nepal, Gobar Gas company ,Bio-gas Support Program ,(AEPC) Alternative Energy Promotion Center has really helped in financial help and to promote the bio-gas as the indigenous and sustainable source of energy.

3.4 Decisão sobre a seleção de tecnologia/tecnologias de GST

Especifique quem decidiu sobre a seleção de tecnologia/tecnologias a serem implementadas:
  • Principalmente usuários da terra, apoiados por especialistas em GST
Explique:

if the farmers had any problem or questionnaires they can contact the near by village development community ,municipality and they can conduct various programs for providing information and promotion work.

Decisions on the method of implementing the SLM Technology were made by mainly by land users supported by SLM specialists. for financial aid they can go to Agricultural Development Bank which will provided them funding and they can contact the nearby Village Development Commitee (VDC )or municipality.

4. Suporte técnico, reforço das capacidades e gestão do conhecimento

4.1 Reforço das capacidades/formação

Foi oferecida formação aos usuários da terra/outras partes interessadas?

Sim

Especifique quem foi capacitado:
  • Usuários de terra
Tipo de formação:
  • Agricultor para agricultor
  • Reuniões públicas

4.2 Serviço de consultoria

Os usuários de terra têm acesso a um serviço de consultoria?

Sim

Especifique se foi oferecido serviço de consultoria:
  • nas áreas dos usuários da terra
Descreva/comentários:

Name of method used for advisory service: conducting programs and supplying financial services; Key elements: books were provided , pamplets to promote the service, materials use and procedure methods were taught; financial help was also provided regarding loan subsidies and many others serviec for the farmers to make the service easy to reach.

Advisory service is quite adequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; yes they are adequate because they are the main source of help and their help can make it easy for the promotion throughout the nation.

4.3 Fortalecimento da instituição (desenvolvimento organizacional)

As instituições foram fortalecidas ou estabelecidas através da abordagem?
  • Sim, pouco
Especifique a que nível (níveis) as instituições foram fortalecidas ou estabelecidas:
  • Local
Especifique o tipo de apoio:
  • Financeiro
Dê mais detalhes:

the local institution were given financial services to provide it to the the local people and farmers

4.4 Monitoramento e avaliação

Monitoramento e avaliação são partes da abordagem?

Sim

Comentários:

bio-physical aspects were regular monitored by land users through observations

bio-physical aspects were regular monitored by land users through measurements

technical aspects were regular monitored by project staff through observations
socio-cultural aspects were regular monitored by other through observations

economic / production aspects were regular monitored by project staff through observations

area treated aspects were regular monitored by project staff through measurements

no. of land users involved aspects were regular monitored by land users through measurements

management of Approach aspects were monitored by None through observations

There were no changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: no,the approach was just to introduce new better ideas .

There were few changes in the Technology as a result of monitoring and evaluation: advancement and improvement in technology was there as a result of monitoring and evaluation.

5. Financiamento e apoio material externo

5.2 Apoio financeiro/material concedido aos usuários da terra

Os usuários da terra receberam apoio financeiro/material para a implementação de tecnologia/tecnologias?

Sim

Caso afirmativo, especifique tipo(s) de apoio, condições e fornecedor(es):

the contributions per area was provided by the private sectors as they provided financial help and other services.

5.3 Subsídios para entradas específicas (incluindo mão-de-obra)

  • Equipamento
Especifique quais entradas foram subsidiadas Em que medida Especifique os subsídios
Maquinário Totalmente financiado Jar and tank
  • Construção
Especifique quais entradas foram subsidiadas Em que medida Especifique os subsídios
bricks, cement, pipes Parcialmente financiado
Se a mão-de-obra pelos usuários da terra foi uma entrada substancial, isso foi:
  • Pago em dinheiro

5.4 Crédito

Foi concedido crédito segundo a abordagem para atividades de GST?

Não

6. Análise de impactos e declarações finais

6.1 Impactos da abordagem

A abordagem auxiliou os usuários da terra a implementar e manter as tecnologias de GST?
  • Não
  • Sim, pouco
  • Sim, moderadamente
  • Sim, significativamente

Since the approach was bio-gas production from animal waste this help in increasing the soil quality very much which led to sustainable land management.It used the resources of the environment which helped a lot in sustainable land management,

A abordagem concedeu autonomia aos grupos social e economicamente desfavorecidos?
  • Não
  • Sim, pouco
  • Sim, moderadamente
  • Sim, significativamente

This approach also helped for job opportunity as the agricultural products get better they can sell it and earn money.

A abordagem melhorou as questões de posse de terra/diretos do usuário que inibiam a implementação das tecnologias de GST?
  • Não
  • Sim, pouco
  • Sim, moderadamente
  • Sim, significativamente

There was no hindrance. The problem is likely to be overcome in the near future. The approach creates a framework to use in the future.

Did other land users / projects adopt the Approach?
  • Não
  • Sim, pouco
  • Sim, moderadamente
  • Sim, significativamente

neighboring village adopt technology. Since it helped to flourish the economic and financial status with very less investment.

Did the Approach lead to improved livelihoods / human well-being?
  • Não
  • Sim, pouco
  • Sim, moderadamente
  • Sim, significativamente

better water resource for irrigation. It also helped in improving the agricultural products and also saved the money of farmers which they spend on fertlizers.

Did the Approach help to alleviate poverty?
  • Não
  • Sim, pouco
  • Sim, moderadamente
  • Sim, significativamente

increase crop yield and also decreases the investment of money on fertilizers as they could get compost from the animal waste which was far much better.

6.2 Principal motivação dos usuários da terra para implementar a GST

  • Carga de trabalho reduzida

it will decrease the work load of cutting trees for firewood and other purposes.

  • Consciência ambiental

reduces indoor air pollution,cleaner environment and natural waste management

  • well-being and livelihoods improvement

compost increases the crop yield and productivity and the farmers can sell it in good amount .

6.3 Atividades de sustentabilidade de abordagem

Os usuários da terra podem manter o que foi implementado através da abordagem (sem apoio externo)?
  • Não
Caso negativo ou incerto, especifique e comente:

No, the active involvement of NGO's in the promotion,organisation ,financing and construction of bio-gas plant has made it much more efficient for the continuation of approach.

6.4 Pontos fortes/vantagens da abordagem

Pontos fortes/vantagens/oportunidades na visão do usuário da terra
it will lead to sustainable land management with less deforestation, and a cleaner environment. (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: the approach should be made accessible to all the individuals.)
Pontos fortes/vantagens/oportunidades na visão do compilador ou de outra pessoa capacitada
it will help to conserve the energy with the promotion of better environment. (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Bio-gas production should be adopted by all the communities.)

6.5 Pontos fracos, desvantagens da tecnologia e formas de superá-los

Pontos fracos/desvantagens/riscos na visão do usuário da terra Como eles podem ser superados?
Size of safety tank is too big. They cannot fulfill the requirement of the tank. Small tank should be constructed.
Pontos fracos/vantagens/riscos na visão do compilador ou de outra pessoa capacitada Como eles podem ser superados?
Methane released cause global warming.
Cannot use chemical in toilet,because it cause environmental hazards.
Approach should be well-constructed.
Avoid the toilet paper.

7. Referências e links

7.1 Métodos/fontes de informação

  • visitas de campo, pesquisas de campo
  • entrevistas com usuários de terras

Módulos