Technologies

Эффективное повышение плодородия почвы через производство и применение высококачественного компоста –альтернативного навозу органического удобрения [Tajikistan]

Creation: 04/25/2018 9:06 a.m.
Update: 08/20/2019 11:43 a.m.
Compiler: Gulniso Nekushoeva
Editor: –
Reviewers: Farrukh Nazarmavloev, Alexandra Gavilano

technologies_3667 - Tajikistan

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Completeness: 69%

1. General information

2. Description of the SLM Technology

3. Classification of the SLM Technology

3.1 Main purpose(s) of the Technology

improve production
reduce, prevent, restore land degradation
create beneficial economic impact

3.2 Current land use type(s) where the Technology is applied

Cropland

Annual cropping

Number of growing seasons per year:

Other

3.4 Water supply

Water supply for the land on which the Technology is applied:

mixed rainfed-irrigated

3.5 SLM group to which the Technology belongs

improved ground/ vegetation cover
integrated soil fertility management
waste management/ waste water management

3.6 SLM measures comprising the Technology

agronomic measures

A1: Vegetation/ soil cover
A2: Organic matter/ soil fertility

structural measures

S4: Level ditches, pits

management measures

M6: Waste management (recycling, re-use or reduce)

3.7 Main types of land degradation addressed by the Technology

chemical soil deterioration

Cn: fertility decline and reduced organic matter content (not caused by erosion)

physical soil deterioration

Pc: compaction
Pu: loss of bio-productive function due to other activities

biological degradation

Bq: quantity/ biomass decline
Bl: loss of soil life

water degradation

Ha: aridification

3.8 Prevention, reduction, or restoration of land degradation

Specify the goal of the Technology with regard to land degradation:

reduce land degradation
restore/ rehabilitate severely degraded land

4. Technical specifications, implementation activities, inputs, and costs

4.1 Technical drawing of the Technology

Date:

25/03/2018

4.2 General information regarding the calculation of inputs and costs

Specify how costs and inputs were calculated:

per Technology unit

If relevant, indicate exchange rate from USD to local currency (e.g. 1 USD = 79.9 Brazilian Real): 1 USD =:

4.83

4.4 Costs and inputs needed for establishment

	Specify input	Unit	Quantity	Costs per Unit	Total costs per input	% of costs borne by land users
Labour	None	None	1.0	80.0	80.0
Equipment	None	None	1.0	20.0	20.0	100.0
Equipment	None	None	1.0	15.0	15.0	100.0
Equipment	None	None	1.0	25.0	25.0	100.0
Construction material	None	None	5.0	60.0	300.0
Construction material	None	None	0.3	10.0	3.0
Total costs for establishment of the Technology					443.0
Total costs for establishment of the Technology in USD					91.72

4.6 Costs and inputs needed for maintenance/ recurrent activities (per year)

	Specify input	Unit	Quantity	Costs per Unit	Total costs per input	% of costs borne by land users
Labour	None
Labour	None	None	24.0	4.0	96.0	100.0
Labour	None	None	16.0	8.0	128.0	100.0
Construction material	None	None	3.0	20.0	60.0
Total costs for maintenance of the Technology					284.0
Total costs for maintenance of the Technology in USD					58.8

5. Natural and human environment

5.1 Climate

Annual rainfall

< 250 mm
251-500 mm
501-750 mm
751-1,000 mm
1,001-1,500 mm
1,501-2,000 mm
2,001-3,000 mm
3,001-4,000 mm
> 4,000 mm

Specify average annual rainfall (if known), in mm:

808.00

Agro-climatic zone

semi-arid

5.2 Topography

Slopes on average:

flat (0-2%)
gentle (3-5%)
moderate (6-10%)
rolling (11-15%)
hilly (16-30%)
steep (31-60%)
very steep (>60%)

Landforms:

plateau/plains
ridges
mountain slopes
hill slopes
footslopes
valley floors

Altitudinal zone:

0-100 m a.s.l.
101-500 m a.s.l.
501-1,000 m a.s.l.
1,001-1,500 m a.s.l.
1,501-2,000 m a.s.l.
2,001-2,500 m a.s.l.
2,501-3,000 m a.s.l.
3,001-4,000 m a.s.l.
> 4,000 m a.s.l.

Indicate if the Technology is specifically applied in:

concave situations

5.3 Soils

Soil depth on average:

very shallow (0-20 cm)
shallow (21-50 cm)
moderately deep (51-80 cm)
deep (81-120 cm)
very deep (> 120 cm)

Soil texture (topsoil):

medium (loamy, silty)

Soil texture (> 20 cm below surface):

medium (loamy, silty)

Topsoil organic matter:

medium (1-3%)
low (<1%)

5.4 Water availability and quality

Ground water table:

5-50 m

Availability of surface water:

good

Water quality (untreated):

good drinking water

Is water salinity a problem?

Is flooding of the area occurring?

5.5 Biodiversity

Species diversity:

medium

Habitat diversity:

medium

5.6 Characteristics of land users applying the Technology

Sedentary or nomadic:

Sedentary

Market orientation of production system:

subsistence (self-supply)
mixed (subsistence/ commercial)

Off-farm income:

10-50% of all income

Relative level of wealth:

poor
average

Individuals or groups:

individual/ household

Level of mechanization:

manual work

Gender:

women
men

Age of land users:

middle-aged
elderly

5.7 Average area of land used by land users applying the Technology

< 0.5 ha
0.5-1 ha
1-2 ha
2-5 ha
5-15 ha
15-50 ha
50-100 ha
100-500 ha
500-1,000 ha
1,000-10,000 ha
> 10,000 ha

Is this considered small-, medium- or large-scale (referring to local context)?

medium-scale
large-scale

5.8 Land ownership, land use rights, and water use rights

Land ownership:

state

Land use rights:

communal (organized)
leased

Water use rights:

communal (organized)

5.9 Access to services and infrastructure

health:

poor
moderate
good

education:

poor
moderate
good

technical assistance:

poor
moderate
good

employment (e.g. off-farm):

poor
moderate
good

markets:

poor
moderate
good

energy:

poor
moderate
good

roads and transport:

poor
moderate
good

drinking water and sanitation:

poor
moderate
good

financial services:

poor
moderate
good

6. Impacts and concluding statements

6.1 On-site impacts the Technology has shown

Socio-economic impacts

Production

crop production

decreased

increased

crop quality

decreased

increased

risk of production failure

increased

decreased

Income and costs

farm income

decreased

increased

Socio-cultural impacts

food security/ self-sufficiency

reduced

improved

health situation

worsened

improved

cultural opportunities

reduced

improved

SLM/ land degradation knowledge

reduced

improved

Ecological impacts

Water cycle/ runoff

water quality

decreased

increased

harvesting/ collection of water

reduced

improved

Soil

soil moisture

decreased

increased

soil cover

reduced

improved

nutrient cycling/ recharge

decreased

increased

soil organic matter/ below ground C

decreased

increased

Biodiversity: vegetation, animals

Vegetation cover

decreased

increased

biomass/ above ground C

decreased

increased

Climate and disaster risk reduction

drought impacts

increased

decreased

emission of carbon and greenhouse gases

increased

decreased

micro-climate

worsened

improved

6.2 Off-site impacts the Technology has shown

groundwater/ river pollution

increased

reduced

6.3 Exposure and sensitivity of the Technology to gradual climate change and climate-related extremes/ disasters (as perceived by land users)

Gradual climate change

	Season	increase or decrease	How does the Technology cope with it?
seasonal temperature	winter	increase	well
seasonal rainfall	winter	increase	well

Climate-related extremes (disasters)

Climatological disasters

	How does the Technology cope with it?
heatwave	moderately
cold wave	not well
extreme winter conditions	moderately
drought	not well

6.4 Cost-benefit analysis

How do the benefits compare with the establishment costs (from land users’ perspective)?

Short-term returns:

positive

Long-term returns:

very positive

How do the benefits compare with the maintenance/ recurrent costs (from land users' perspective)?

Short-term returns:

positive

Long-term returns:

very positive

6.5 Adoption of the Technology

11-50%

View sections

1. General information

1.2 Contact details of resource persons and institutions involved in the assessment and documentation of the Technology

Key resource person(s)

SLM specialist:

SLM specialist:

Name of project which facilitated the documentation/ evaluation of the Technology (if relevant)

Name of the institution(s) which facilitated the documentation/ evaluation of the Technology (if relevant)

1.3 Conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT

The compiler and key resource person(s) accept the conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT:

1.4 Declaration on sustainability of the described Technology

Is the Technology described here problematic with regard to land degradation, so that it cannot be declared a sustainable land management technology?

2. Description of the SLM Technology

2.3 Photos of the Technology

Media Gallery

2.5 Country/ region/ locations where the Technology has been applied and which are covered by this assessment

Country:

Specify the spread of the Technology:

2.6 Date of implementation

Indicate year of implementation:

If precise year is not known, indicate approximate date:

2.7 Introduction of the Technology

Specify how the Technology was introduced:

3. Classification of the SLM Technology

3.1 Main purpose(s) of the Technology

3.2 Current land use type(s) where the Technology is applied

Cropland

Number of growing seasons per year:

Other

3.4 Water supply

Water supply for the land on which the Technology is applied:

3.5 SLM group to which the Technology belongs

3.6 SLM measures comprising the Technology

agronomic measures

structural measures

management measures

3.7 Main types of land degradation addressed by the Technology

chemical soil deterioration

physical soil deterioration

biological degradation

water degradation

3.8 Prevention, reduction, or restoration of land degradation

Specify the goal of the Technology with regard to land degradation:

4. Technical specifications, implementation activities, inputs, and costs

4.1 Technical drawing of the Technology

Date:

4.2 General information regarding the calculation of inputs and costs

Specify how costs and inputs were calculated:

If relevant, indicate exchange rate from USD to local currency (e.g. 1 USD = 79.9 Brazilian Real): 1 USD =:

4.4 Costs and inputs needed for establishment

4.6 Costs and inputs needed for maintenance/ recurrent activities (per year)

5. Natural and human environment

5.1 Climate

Annual rainfall

Specify average annual rainfall (if known), in mm:

Agro-climatic zone

5.2 Topography

Slopes on average:

Landforms:

Altitudinal zone:

Indicate if the Technology is specifically applied in:

5.3 Soils

Soil depth on average:

Soil texture (topsoil):

Soil texture (> 20 cm below surface):

Topsoil organic matter:

5.4 Water availability and quality

Ground water table:

Availability of surface water:

Water quality (untreated):

Is water salinity a problem?

Is flooding of the area occurring?

5.5 Biodiversity

Species diversity:

Habitat diversity:

5.6 Characteristics of land users applying the Technology

Sedentary or nomadic:

Market orientation of production system:

Off-farm income:

Relative level of wealth: