最佳实践的简短描述

Carbon Sequestration in woody biomass and in soils is a cost-effective measure to reduce atmospheric CO2 levels.Also, surplus biomass could be used as a substitute for fossil fuels.Some woody biomassspecies can grow in these low rainfall areas with saline soils, although the build up of organic carbon in wood and soils is modest. Up to 9,000 ha of run-down land will be rehabilitated with the active participation of twelve villages in whose ownership the land will be vested. This project is meant as a catalyst for rangeland reclamation via CS and natural resource management throughout Iran and beyond. This project will demonstrate the means not only to increase animal fodder production, but also to expand the storage of C and provide renewable energy at the same time. It will also enhance the fl ora and fauna, thus increasing biological diversity and rehabilitate the ecosystem. Thus, the government is integrating global environmental protection concerns into national development activities. |

地点

The size of the hydrologi|

指定地点内的自然环境简介。

Soil is composed of gypsic and calcic minerals which is typical of arid and semi-arid lands.Hot and dry desert soils usually contain rock and gravel, creating coarse soil with good draining. Semiarid deserts have finer soil containing loose rock, gravel sand with  low soil humidity. |
The location is covered almost by plains which is suitable for irrigated and agriculture from point of and around 50% is hilly/steep which is suitable for range land. The average Plain elevation is 1700 meter.
Climate is arid and semi arid with cold winters and hot summers.The mean annual precipitation ranges between 117mm-340mm Average 188mm.Most of the precipitation occures during the fall and early spring.It is characterized by consecutive droughts and occurrence of critical climatic conditions.this area is affected by Sistani 120 days north to south Prevailing wind.

居住在该地点及/或附近居民的普遍社会经济状况

Those living in the location and nearby normally are low-income  farmers and Livestock husbandry with an average income of 3000000 IRR monthly.
all range land belong to the government and utilization is base on range land management plans. Most of the agricultural lands belong to village cooperative but there are some private farmlands as well
At the first stage of the project all area was supported just
under 1,000 people. There was 30 villages some of which have been abandoned and others only contain one or two families. Animal herding was the main occupation, with the villagers owning about12,000 sheep and goats,and non productive farming|

根据哪些标准和/或指标（与战略无关），在确定建议的实践和相应的技术是否被认为是“最佳”时，应该基于哪些标准和/或指标（与战略无关）？

This project serve as a training and demonstration site to encourage rural people, with some government assistance through participatory approaches . This project  demonstrate the practicability and cost-effectiveness of rejuvenating range land areas and making them productive, while at the same time increasing the organic C stocks in plants and soils. Therefore, additional funds to cover the incremental costs, especially the training, monitoring & evaluation costs, could demonstrate to local people and governments the practicability of such an initiative.so it constitute an example of a “win-win” strategy that is an essential factor in sustainable natural resource management.|

最佳实践解决的主要问题

Two main problems that contributed to land degradation and desertification in the project area, which is among those areas near the Afghan border are: (1) lack of control over the land by the local population and , in the ten-year period to 1996; and, (2), a large influx of Afghan refugees.This led to overgrazing by local, refugee and migrant animals, and to excessive fuel wood gathering.|

概述最佳实践解决的具体土地退化问题

overgrazing, drought and the damage caused by wind erosion are the specific land degradation problems against rehabitation of vegetation cover in project area. For four months each year, sand ladened ‘sistani’ winds blow almost continuously.  This is not only unpleasant, but it makes arable farming difficult because sand covers the fields On the other hand the experiences government in term of combat desertification activities proves that re habitation activities will not be successful without real participation of rural communities. |

具体说明最佳实践的目标

The main global,national and rural objectives are:improve the ecosystem through natural regeneration by planting/seeding, drought resistant grasses and shrubs, and to make the rangeland areas of Iran more productive. The purpose of this project is to demonstrate that low rainfall areas can be rehabilitated at a relatively low cost, using a mixture of woody and non-woody plants,with the active participation of the local population. |To build capacity through demonstration, training and extension activities to people throughout the country so that the project can be replicated and improved. To promote environmental awareness.To enhance human resource development at the national and local levels.To enhance biodiversity.To improve fl ora & fauna numbers and composition and to enhance the micro-climate.To improve capacity of national experts and local people in rehabilitation, managementand utilization of resources

按目标对主要活动进行简要的描述

Public awareness and information dissemination. This activity will be implemented to ensure that a wide range of concerned stakeholders are fully informed about the rehabilitation techniques, management mechanism and long-term economic and environmental benefits of the project.|
Community-based management regime. This activity will aim to explore various management regimes to have the villages/households organized for the planting efforts and declare their ownership and access rights to the land.
Rehabilitation of semi-arid areas. Land rehabilitation includes seedling production,ground preparation, planting, weeding, and watering for the first two years, guarding and
management.|Training and extension. Project preparation, promotion workshops and meetings involving different stakeholders. Compile management plans for undertaking rehabilitation activity.Natural resource management training for villagers and staff of the Forest and Range Organization and some overseas training to engage the local people. establishing community-based management regimes, land ownership legalities, entrepreneurial activities,etc.
Monitoring and Evaluation.

本技术的简要说明和技术规范

the presses of project are as follow respectively:community-base managements,Establishment of Co-Management Plans, Implementation of Co-Management Plans /Agreements, Social Communication Initiatives and Performance Monitoring & Assessment of Rehabilitation.
There is a direct link between poverty and desertification, thus combating desertification should help in working against poverty. One strategy applied by the project is the establishment of a micro credit mechanism for VDG members. The Micro‐credit Fund has been financed both by the project and by the small savings made from VDG members. Every fortnight during the VDG meetings, the villagers offer their own savings into the Micro‐credit Fund, which is money that will at a later point in time be re‐loaned to them. By selecting a Board of Directors representing the local communities, the targeted area has full ownership over the Micro Credit Fund. The participatory approach of the project allowed for a sound collaboration among a host of international, national and local partners. The steering committee of the project therefore includes representatives from various ministries representing various sectors of the Ministry of Agriculture, the Department of Environment, the Budget and Planning Authorities in the country as well as the national GEF focal point.
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技术开发机构的名称和地址

Carbon Sequestration in Desertified Rangelands of Hosseinabad Project, Phase 2 | The project was designed to demonstrate that desertified rangelands can be cost-effectively reclaimed by, and for the benefit of local people and that there is significant potential to sequester carbon in plants and soil in these areas for overall global benefiton March 2010

这项技术是合作开发的吗?

是

列出合作伙伴:

Result of the project in pase I has led to new dialogue being initiated between UNDP and the FRWO on further expanding the project approach to select sites in the provinces of Kerman (Shahdad) and Tehran (Mallard) with the possibility of inclusion of Yazd and Isfahan.

具体说明该技术推广的框架

• 地方自主性
• 国家倡议——政府主导
• 国家倡议——非政府主导
• 国际倡议

当地利益相关者（包括CSO）的参与是否促进了技术的开发？

是

列出涉及的当地利益相关者:

Local farmers and villagers|Farmers' and range management associations|Farmes'cooperatives|Research institutes in the concerned provinces |Local communities

对于上面列出的利益相关者，说明他们在该技术的设计、引入、使用和维护（如果有的话）中的角色。

A wealth of knowledge and experience on participatory management of rangelands. Participatory rehabilitation and conservation of 13572 ha of degraded areas;
80.6% reduction in the consumption of fuel-wood by local communities as a result of the introduction of new sources of energy;
A locally adjusted model for carbon sequestration in dry land ecosystems;
Demonstration and promotion of innovative land and water management techniques at pilot level, which have been extended to some other parts of the country;
A network of VDGs (mixed, male, and female) that oversee the use of micro-credit mechanism;
A set of micro-credit/micro-saving schemes at VDG level;
Enhanced vocational skills among local inhabitants, particularly women;
130  small business initiatives that contribute to improved livelihoods at the village level; and
Significantly, increased awareness at local and national levels regarding partnership |

居住在该地区和/或附近的居民是否参与了该技术的开发？

是

通过什么手段？:

• 咨询
• 参与途径

描述现场影响（按类别划分的两类主要影响）

Since October 2010, experts and consultants from “No Andishan Tose’e Mosharekat Mehr” NGO have been contracted to update and improve the established Micro-Credit Fund Management Systems as well as promoting innovative approaches to expand the market of local products by taking a systematic approach |
Reduction of poverty and creating job opportunities for the locals, which lead to the reduction of the emigration rate to larger cities.
A network of VDGs (mixed, male, and female) that oversee the use of micro-credit mechanism
|
This project
produces a measurable increase in the fl ora and fauna and an enhanced micro-climate. Another positive environmental impact is sand stabilization through project activities should reduce the Sistani damage.
Participatory rehabilitation and conservation of 13572 ha of degraded areas;
This project fosters an increased and sustainable production of fodder, wood and other products,and a measurable increase in the area of and off-take from sheltered lands. There
would also be a build-up of organic C that could reach 3-4 t/ha. after 20 years|
80.6% reduction in the consumption of fuel-wood by local communities as a result of the introduction of new sources of energy;

描述两个主要的场外影响（即不是发生在现场，而是发生在周围区域）

Increased awareness at local and national government levels regarding the potential of partnership with local people to restore and protect the natural resources based on the achievements of phases I and II, has led to new dialogue being initiated between UNDP and the FRWO on further expanding the project approach to select sites in the provinces of Kerman (Shahdad) and Tehran (Mallard) with the possibility of inclusion of Yazd and Isfahan, as major project sites in the next phase.|
developing a locally adjusted model for carbon sequestration in dry land ecosystems;

对生物多样性和气候变化的影响

解释原因:

At least 9,000 ha of degraded rangelands will be converted to grazing forest-land. Through this change, the amount of additional atmospheric C, that could be stored in above and below ground biomass and in the soil, will be about 2 tonnes per hectare once the project is completed. This is anticipated to increase to about 14 t/ha. after 20 years, 21 t/ha. after 50 years and 30 t/ha. After 100 years, of which up to 90 percent will be belowground. These estimates have to be verifi ed. Due to the prevailing arid climatic conditions and the stability of the sink, the turnover rate of C tends to be very slow and belowground C storage in roots and soil is considered to be a high quality offset. The sequestering of C does not stop at year 20, although it will slow down due to harvesting of wood. A model has been drawn up indicating the likely growth and production in the project area over a 100-year time period. The projected   cremental store of C after 50 years is 20.9 t/ha. with an incremental cost of US$6.8 t./C. After 100 years, the projected C store is estimated to be 29.7 t. for an incremental cost of US$4.8 per tonne of C.
The greatest benefi ts to farmers and globally will be through establishing forest-grazing areas. This project produces a measurable increase in the flora and fauna and an enhanced micro-climate. Another
positive environmental impact is sand stabilization through project activities should reduce the Sistani damage.
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是否进行了成本效益分析？

是否进行了成本效益分析？:

是

该技术是否传播/引进到其他地方？

该技术是否传播/引进到其他地方？:

是

传播/引进到哪里？:

the project approach to disseminated to select sites in the provinces of Kerman (Shahdad) and Tehran (Mallard) with the possibility of inclusion of Yazd and Isfahan

是否提供了促进采用该技术的奖励措施？

是否提供了促进采用该技术的奖励措施？:

是

具体说明激励的类型:

• 政策或监管激励（例如，与市场需求和法规、进出口、国外投资、研发支持等相关）
• 财务激励（例如优惠利率、国家援助、补贴、现金补助、贷款担保等）

您能否确定目前最佳实践/技术成功的三个主要条件？

In order to rehabilitate the local dryland, while also working to engage the local community, the project contracted with local VDGs to have seedlings grown and planted in the area.  This work was done as part of the  microfinance funds given to the VDGs, which then used the loans to grow and sell the  seedlings.this method is replicable elsewhere with major adaptation  |
project asked the women already trained in the project to train the new project beneficiaries.  This allowed for a closer relationship between project members.  Further, as the existing members were aware of the likely problems the new members would face, training was made more efficient and effective.this method is replicable elsewhere with some level of adaptation|
In the last year the Project’s experiences have been shared with other projects in Iran, including UNDP/GEF SGP projects,voluntary NGOs and governmental experts this method is replicable elsewhere with major adaptation.|

可复制性

在您看来，您所提出的最佳实践/技术可以复制到其他地方，尽管有一定程度的适应？:

是

适应程度如何？:

• 地方
• 次国家
• 国家
• 次区域
• 区域
• 国际

人力资源相关

For higher impact the results and achievement of the project need to be propagated across the country through the national decision making forums. By replicating the project experiences in areas with similar situations, the outcome could affect the country’s ability to counter the global climate change, while simultaneously improving the livelihoods of the rural and marginalised communities as well as halting desertification.
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与技术方面有关

Performance Monitoring & Assessment of Rehabilitation and carbon sequestration needs eSMART indicators,|