1.2 参与方法评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对方法进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Amt für Landwirtschaft und Natur des Kantons Bern (LANAT) - 瑞士

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 SLM技术问卷的参考

2.1 该方法的简要说明

A multi-stakeholder approach using action research methodologies to implement conservation agriculture

2.2 该方法的详细说明

该方法的详细说明:

Aims / objectives: - To develop and diffuse conservation agriculture technologiy
- To develop capacity among stakeholders
- To improve soil health
- To reverse soil degradation

Methods: - Training of trainers, i.e. lead farmers and extension worker
- Awareness events, e.g. farmer days, field days
- On-farm experimentation
- Farmer-to-farmer extension
- Local institutionalization
- Partnerships Monitoring and Evaluation

Stages of implementation: 1. Stakeholder analysis
2. Diagnosis / Situation analysis
3. Planning and design
4. Implementing and management
5. Learning and adopting
6. Exit strategy

Role of stakeholders: Researchers: - facilitators, advisors, trainers, management of trials
Extension worker:- advisors, trainers
Lead farmers: Trainers for other farmers, awarenes builders, on-farm: leaders of farmer managed trials/experiments, facilitators for learning groups

Other important information: Other stakeholders, e.g. input suppliers are also important and need to be involved at various stages and events

2.5 采用该方法的国家/地区/地点

2.6 该方法的开始和终止日期

2.7 方法的类型

• 基于项目/方案

2.8 该方法的主要目的/目标

The Approach focused on SLM only

Build capacity among key stakeholders Change traditional practices to conservation agriculture practices Build strong local institutions (learning groups) Improve experimental skills Improve soil health

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: Soil erosion Soil fertility and -acidity Poverty / food security Lack of knowledge and skills Poor / weak local institutions

2.9 推动或妨碍实施本办法所适用的技术的条件

3.1 该方法涉及的利益相关者及其职责

3.2 当地土地使用者/当地社区参与该方法的不同阶段

	当地土地使用者/当地社区的参与	指定参与人员并描述活动
启动/动机	无	Farmers were interviewed during the informal semi-structured survey
计划	无
实施	互动	Lead farmers were part of implementing team; were responsible for farmer-to-farmer extension
监测/评估	互动	Were fully involved in most monitoring and evaluation activities
Research	互动	Lead farmers were responsible for farmer mangaed trials

3.3 流程图（如可用）

3.4 有关SLM技术选择的决策

具体说明谁有权决定选择要实施的技术:

• 主要是土地使用者，由SLM专家提供支持

解释:

Decisions on the method of implementing the SLM Technology were made by mainly by SLM specialists with consultation of land users

4.1 能力建设/培训

是否为土地使用者/其他利益相关者提供培训？:

是

明确受训人员:

• 土地使用者

培训形式:

• 示范区域
• 课程

涵盖的主题:

Conservation agriculture principles, communication, visionry, training, value adding

4.2 咨询服务

土地使用者有权使用咨询服务吗？:

是

指明是否提供了咨询服务:

• 在土地使用者的土地上

说明/注释:

Name of method used for advisory service: Multi-stakeholder process using action research; Key elements: Monitoring and evaluation / experiments, Training of farmers, Farmer-to-farmer extension

Advisory service is quite adequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; Have been empowered quite successfully with project

4.4 监测和评估

监测和评估是该方法的一部分吗？:

是

注释:

bio-physical aspects were regular monitored through measurements; indicators: Soil health

technical aspects were regular monitored through measurements; indicators: Conservation agriculture principles adopted

socio-cultural aspects were regular monitored through observations; indicators: Changes in SKA

economic / production aspects were regular monitored through measurements; indicators: Yield & gross margin

area treated aspects were regular monitored through observations; indicators: Area

no. of land users involved aspects were regular monitored through measurements; indicators: Number of farmers trained

management of Approach aspects were None monitored through measurements; indicators: Number of farmers using tools for adaptive management

There were many changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: Monitoring and evaluation was the main methodology used to induce change to focus, improve and integrate project management. Land users learned to use monitoring and evaluation tools to improve their learning in groups as well as their adaptive management capacity.

4.5 研究

研究是该方法的一部分吗?

是

提供进一步的细节，并指出是谁做的研究:

Action research through monitoring and evaluation; applied at different levels; used various tools and technologies to apply it. Action research was used to improve, focus and integrate project strategies

Research was carried out on-farm

5.1 该方法中SLM组成部分的年度预算

如果不知道准确的年度预算，请给出一个范围:

• 10,000-100,000

注释（例如主要的资助来源/主要捐助者）:

Approach costs were met by the following donors: government (LandCare programme,90%, Research programme 10%): 100.0%

5.2 为土地使用者提供财政/物质支援

土地使用者是否获得实施该技术的财政/物质支持？:

是

5.3 对特定投入的补贴（包括劳动力）

• 设备

• 农业

如果土地使用者的劳动力是一项重要的投入，那么是不是:

• 自愿

注释:

Only labour on main trial was paid in cash, other was voluntary

5.4 信用

是否根据SLM活动的方法给予信用值？:

否

6.1 方法的影响

6.3 方法活动的可持续性

土地使用者能否维持通过该方法实施的措施（无外部支持的情况下）？:

• 是

6.4 该方法的长处/优点

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
Have higher level of knowledge and skills (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Through experimentation, communication forums, field days, training courses)
Better contact with outside stakeholders - improved networks (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Frequent stakeholder forums)
Higher status of lead farmers and their groups (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Continuous contact and use of lead farmers' experience and capacity)
Improved food security through collective action (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Monitoring and evaluation of sustainable land management practices)
Improved communication between land users (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Frequent local action forums)

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Empower key stakeholders (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Frequent stakeholder forums / meetings / workshops)
Help people 'learn how to learn' (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Provide them with learning tools (monitoring and evaluation) and skills)
Promote a culture of adoptive management (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Build their capacity through monitoring and evaluation tools and processes)
Develop a capacity to experiment among farmers (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Facilitate and promote experiments through agricultural research)
Develop self-reliant local institutions and leadership (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Develop local capacity to lead and facilitate learning groups)

7.1 方法/信息来源

7.2 参考可用出版物

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Amt für Landwirtschaft und Natur des Kantons Bern LANAT, Ruetti, 3052 Zollikofen. Kanton Bern fördert Ressourcen schonenden Ackerbau.AGRARForschung 14 (3): 128-133, 2007

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

http://www.vol.be.ch/site/lanat-3155-mbressourcen.pdf