1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry, and Fisheries of Uganda (MAAIF) - 乌干达

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

（现场）数据是什么时候汇编的？:

18/04/2000

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

This is a system of integrated runoff water and drainage management that allows cultivation in a swampy valley bottom.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Setting up the infrastructure involves dividing the land in the valley into raised beds of ±10 m x 20 m which are separated by furrows, acting as drainage channels. Below the furrows is a pond. These furrows, however, can also fulfil the opposite role – distributing runoff water from upslope in the valley bottom if required. A diversion channel has been constructed to guide runoff from a track towards the valley. The channel is 0.5 m deep, 1 m wide, over 100 m in length and with a gradient of 0.5% - 1.0%. It is estimated that the ratio of catchment to cultivated area is 10:1. The channel is left open to divert runoff in times of shortage (though, naturally, as with any rainwater harvesting system, there has to be rain locally before it can be harvested). This water then can be held by the furrows whose outlet can be blocked. Citrus fruits (oranges) and mangoes are planted on the beds, and intercropped with annuals.

Purpose of the Technology: The purpose is production of cash crops, based on reclamation of land and control of concentrated runoff. The impact is achieved through a flexible method
of drainage/water harvesting, which helps ensure suitable moisture conditions for growth.

Establishment / maintenance activities and inputs: The main maintenance aspect is clearing inlets, channels and removing vegetation, using common household hand tools such as spades and hoes.

Natural / human environment: The technology is situated in a valley near a swamp. It consists of growing both annual and perennial crops throught the year. The farm is located in a semi-arid area. The soil is sandy loam and shallow.

2.3 技术照片

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 不到10年前（最近）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过项目/外部干预

注释（项目类型等）:

an adoption from another district by the landuser but with a lot of modifications and technology

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产
• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化
• 适应气候变化/极端天气及其影响

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

注释:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): the major land use problem in the area are cutting down of trees, burning of bushes lack of crop roatation and water and soil conservation methods.

Major land use problems (land users’ perception): continous cultivation leading to low yields lack of soil and water conservation methods eg ploughing across the slope

3.4 该技术所属的SLM组

• 灌溉管理（包括供水、排水）
• 引水和排水
• 地表水管理（泉、河、湖、海）

3.5 技术传播

具体说明该技术的分布:

• 均匀地分布在一个区域

如果该技术均匀地分布在一个区域上，请注明覆盖的大致区域。:

• 1-10 平方千米

注释:

Total area covered by the SLM Technology is 5 m2.

the area under the technology reported covers farmers in one parish which approximates 5 km2

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

注释:

Secondary types of degradation addressed: Wt: loss of topsoil / surface erosion

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 修复/恢复严重退化的土地

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 技术规范/技术图纸说明

Sketch of the runoff harvesting system

Uganda

Technical knowledge required for field staff / advisors: high

Technical knowledge required for land users: moderate

Main technical functions: increase / maintain water stored in soil

Secondary technical functions: improvement of ground cover, water harvesting

Structural measure: diversion ditch/cut-off drain
Spacing between structures (m): 10
Depth of ditches/pits/dams (m): 0.45
Width of ditches/pits/dams (m): 1
Length of ditches/pits/dams (m): 140

Construction material (earth): soil dug out to make channel and ditches

Slope (which determines the spacing indicated above): 2.00%

If the original slope has changed as a result of the Technology, the slope today is: 1.00%

Lateral gradient along the structure: 1.00%

For water harvesting: the ratio between the area where the harvested water is applied and the total area from which water is collected is: 1:10.00

4.3 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

Uganda shillings

注明美元与当地货币的汇率(如相关):1美元=:

1000.0

4.4 技术建立活动

	活动	措施类型	时间
1.	ploughing, 2nd plough, diving the blocks, digging	结构性的	dry season

4.5 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Labour	ha	1.0	270.0	270.0	100.0
设备	Tools	ha	1.0	42.0	42.0	100.0
植物材料	Seeds	ha	1.0	23.0	23.0	100.0
肥料和杀菌剂	Compost manure	ha	1.0	10.0	10.0	100.0
技术建立所需总成本					345.0

注释:

Duration of establishment phase: 60 month(s)

4.6 维护/经常性活动

	活动	措施类型	时间/频率
1.	cleaning inlets	结构性的	during rains/each cropping season
2.	cleaning channels	结构性的	during rains/each cropping season

4.7 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Labour	ha	1.0	340.0	340.0	100.0
设备	Tools	ha	1.0	315.0	315.0	100.0
植物材料	Seeds	ha	1.0	71.0	71.0	100.0
技术维护所需总成本					726.0

注释:

structures; channels 140mts long, W 1m depth 0.45m

4.8 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

labour intensive and time consuming in the digging of channels

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

5.3 土壤

如有可能，附上完整的土壤描述或具体说明可用的信息，例如土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、阳离子交换能力、氮、盐度等。:

Soil fertility: Low

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

Population density: 50-100 persons/km2
Annual population growth: 1% - 2%
5% of the land users are very rich and own 30% of the land (with over 10 cows).
10% of the land users are rich and own 25% of the land (with 5 - 10 cows).
20% of the land users are average wealthy and own 20% of the land (with 3-5 cows).
25% of the land users are poor and own 15% of the land (with 1-3).
40% of the land users are poor and own 10% of the land (without cows).

Off-farm income specification: majority of farmers are poor have no access to loans
Level of mechanization: Manual labour (cleaning, weeding and harvest) and animal traction (both ranked 1)

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者拥有或租用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

注释:

Land ownership: group, individual, not titled, individual, titled

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

其它社会经济效应

社会文化影响

生态影响

土壤

生物多样性:植被、动物

减少气候和灾害风险

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

6.5 技术采用

注释:

20% of land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material support

500 land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material support

Comments on spontaneous adoption: estimates

There is a little trend towards spontaneous adoption of the Technology

Comments on adoption trend: Only one close neighbour has shown interest in copying him. ‘A few’ others from further away, also have. One constraint to adoption is the large amount of labour involved in setting up the system.

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
increased incomes
increased soil moisture content How can they be sustained / enhanced? adopt mulching

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
water runoff can be managed easily How can they be sustained / enhanced? constantly maintain the structure
increased yields How can they be sustained / enhanced? adopt composting

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
need skills for the adopters	adopter need training

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
labour intensive	encourage group work
costly to construct	encourage household savings