1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

Scaling-up SLM practices by smallholder farmers (IFAD)

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

National Agricultural Research Organisation (NARO) - 乌干达

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

（现场）数据是什么时候汇编的？:

13/11/2017

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 所述技术的可持续性声明

这里所描述的技术在土地退化方面是否存在问题，导致无法被认为是一种可持续的土地管理技术？:

否

注释:

The reservoir is established out of natural and local materials available to community members and stores relatively clean/safe water for future use.

1.5 请参阅有关SLM方法的问卷

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

A gutter system constructed on the farmer’s house-roof collects rainwater and directs it into a constructed reservoir raised off the ground with interior walls lined with water-proof tarpaulin. The reservoir has a maximum capacity of 8,000 liters of water; clean enough for irrigation, livestock and domestic use during seasons of scarcity. The reservoir is raised off of ground to minimize contamination and any possible accidents.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

The wooden water reservoir system was introduced to the farmer by staff of the area's local government as a demonstration site to educate others on how to cheaply harvest and store rainwater in a relatively clean form for domestic, livestock and irrigation use. The farmer’s house was fitted with gutters to tap rainwater and direct it into the water reservoir. The water collected is used to buffer the water scarcity during the dry season, which normally stresses livestock and crops in the area. The water can be stored for as long as three months, depending on the size of the water reservoir and the use of the water.

The establishment of the technology requires a clean roof for collecting rainwater, gutters, poles, iron sheets, tarpaulin, hose pipe, jerry can and nails. Further equipment required include; a hammer, hoe and panga (large knife for weeding and forest works). At the farm in Kyegegwa, the reservoir is constructed 3 meters away from the farmer’s main house located at the top of a gently sloping hill. The establishment process involves: leveling of the site on which the technology is planned and constructing a water reservoir supported by a wooden structure. The support structure is constructed using four poles made in such a way that the two front poles are taller (5m) while the two poles behind are shorter (3m). This will give the roof a slight slope to prevent rainwater from stagnating on the roof. A raised rectangular floor supported by the poles is then established at a height of 0.5m above ground. The rectangular reservoir base dimensions are 1m×4m×2m (h×l×w) and is divided into 4 compartment. Each of these, lined with water-tight tarpaulin, can hold 2000 litres of water. The water so collected in the reservoir can be extracted under gravity through a 1.5cm diameter hose pipe into a jerry can placed below the reservoir.

The cost of establishment and durability of this rainwater harvesting system is mainly dependent on the type of materials and gutters used. In Kyegegwa District, wood for construction of the system is locally available valued at US$ 67.99 for the construction of the reservoir system. The iron sheets, gutters and nails are acquired from Kyegegwa Town where they are valued at US$ 127.28. The labor required is also locally available where it takes four men to establish the structure at a total cost of US$ 17.95 in three days.

The water reservoir is semi-permanent and can last for about 1.5 years depending on the quality of materials used. The maintenance activities include cleaning of the reservoir every month and repairing of the worn out parts at the end of the wet season. The farmer strongly recommends the technology since most of the materials and labour used are relatively cheap and locally available. The reservoir is raised off the ground to reduce contamination and minimize possible accidents with children and livestock. Despite the open space above the water level and the roof, the farmer has observed that the reservoir does not breed obnoxious vectors like mosquitoes. The water collected is relatively clean and the farmer uses it for irrigation of home gardens and for watering of livestock. When properly filtered it is as well used for domestic purposes. The technology can be improved by using treated poles, stronger wood material and tarpaulin of improved quality.

2.3 技术照片

2.4 技术视频

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

注明实施年份:

2015

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过项目/外部干预

注释（项目类型等）:

Local Government project to help local farmers adopting water storage systems for use during drought.

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产
• 降低灾害风险
• 适应气候变化/极端天气及其影响
• 创造有益的经济影响

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

3.3 有关土地利用的更多信息

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 混合雨水灌溉

每年的生长季节数:

• 2

具体说明:

March-May and Sept-Nov. However, due to climate change, the seasons vary significantly in length and amount of rain recieved.

3.4 该技术所属的SLM组

• 集水

3.5 技术传播

具体说明该技术的分布:

• 适用于特定场所/集中在较小区域

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

注释:

To provide safe water for domestic, livestock and irrigation use especially during the drought period.

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 防止土地退化
• 适应土地退化

注释:

Harvesting rain water reduces the need for constructing dams.

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 技术规范/技术图纸说明

The support structure is constructed using four poles made in such a way that the two front poles are taller (5 m) while the two poles behind are shorter (3 m), giving the roof a slight slope to prevent rainwater from stagnating on the roof. A raised rectangular floor supported by the poles is then established at a height of 0.5 m above ground. A cuboid reservoir of dimensions 1 m×4 m×2 m (h×l×w) is constructed with wooden panels; divided into four compartments and placed on the rectangular floor. Each compartment, to hold 2,000 liter of water, is lined with water-tight tarpaulin. Water from the reservoir can be extracted under gravity through a 1.5 cm diameter hose pipe into a jerry can placed below the reservoir.

4.3 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

具体说明成本和投入是如何计算的:

• 每个技术单元

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

Uganda shillings

注明美元与当地货币的汇率(如相关):1美元=:

3638.35

4.4 技术建立活动

	活动	措施类型	时间
1.	Site selection	结构性的	Before onset of rain
2.	Clearing and leveling	结构性的	Before onset of rain
3.	Erection of poles	结构性的	Before onset of rain
4.	Establishment of floor, walls and roofing	结构性的	Before onset of rain
5.	Establishment of taupline and gutters	结构性的	Before onset of rain

4.5 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Builders	Man day	8.0	22500.0	180000.0	100.0
设备	Hammer	pieces	30000.0	1.0	30000.0	100.0
设备	Panga	pieces	9000.0	1.0	9000.0	100.0
设备	Dibber	pieces	15000.0	1.0	15000.0	100.0
设备	Hoe	pieces	10000.0	1.0	10000.0	100.0
植物材料	Spade	pieces	15000.0
植物材料	Poles	pieces	12.0	3000.0	36000.0	100.0
植物材料	Timber	pieces	12.0	10000.0	120000.0	100.0
植物材料	Wood	pieces	8.0	1500.0	12000.0	100.0
施工材料	Tarpaulin	peices	1.0	45000.0	45000.0
施工材料	Iron sheet	peices	6.0	25000.0	150000.0
施工材料	Nails	Kg	4.0	6000.0	24000.0
施工材料	Hose pipe	Meters	3.0	3000.0	9000.0
施工材料	Wood and poles	Pieces	50.0	4900.0	245000.0
技术建立所需总成本					885000.0

如果土地使用者负担的费用少于100%，请注明由谁负担其余费用:

Kyegegwa District Local Government Community Development Fund.

注释:

The poles and wood are from the farmer's forest. The labor used was also family labor.

4.6 维护/经常性活动

	活动	措施类型	时间/频率
1.	Cleaning the reservoir/ tarpaulin and unblocking gutters	管理	Twice in the wet season
2.	Renovation of the structure	结构性的	Once a year
3.	Replacement of the taupline	结构性的	Once a year

4.7 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Men		2.0	20000.0	40000.0	100.0
设备	Hose pipe	meters	3.0	2000.0	6000.0	100.0
设备	Jerrycans	20litres	2.0	9000.0	18000.0	100.0
施工材料	Poles	pieces	6.0	3000.0	18000.0	100.0
施工材料	Timber	pieces	6.0	10000.0	60000.0	100.0
施工材料	Wood	pieces	5.0	1500.0	7500.0	100.0
技术维护所需总成本					149500.0

如果土地使用者负担的费用少于100%，请注明由谁负担其余费用:

Kyegegwa District Local Government

4.8 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

The nature of material used for example wood or metal and the labor hired to construct the system.

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

说明该技术是否专门应用于:

• 不相关

5.3 土壤

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

水的盐度有问题吗？:

否

该区域正在发生洪水吗？:

否

5.5 生物多样性

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者拥有或租用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 个人，有命名

土地使用权:

• 个人

用水权:

• 社区（有组织）
• 个人

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

水资源可用性和质量

收入和成本

社会文化影响

生态影响

水循环/径流

土壤

生物多样性:植被、动物

减少气候和灾害风险

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性（土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害）

气候有关的极端情况（灾害）

气候灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
干旱	好

其他气候相关的后果

其他气候相关的后果

	该技术是如何应对的？
延长生长期	好
Livestock and domestic water	好

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

6.5 技术采用

• 1-10%

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发地采用该技术，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 50-90%

6.6 适应

最近是否对该技术进行了修改以适应不断变化的条件？:

是

其它（具体说明）:

Limited finances

具体说明技术的适应性（设计、材料/品种等）:

The farmer improvised iron sheets as gutters to collect water from the roof into the reservoir.

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
Most of the materials are cheap and locally available.
The establishment process is not so complex and can easily be learnt by the local workers.
The tarpaulin used is relatively cheap and long lasting.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
The farmer easily benefits from 2 annual rainy seasons.
The system is raised off ground which minimizes contamination and accidents.
The water is kept in a relatively clean status for livestock, irrigation and domestic use.

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
The water system is open to contamination.	Need to construct a wall net to protect the water from contamination
The materials (wood) used are prone to destruction by insects which increases maintenance costs.	Use of metallic or concrete poles

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
The taupline is a temporally reservoir that needs routine replacement.	Use of plastic materials or construction of concrete walls.
In case of infestation with insects like termites, the poles will suffer damage.	Use treated wood poles or metal poles.

7.1 信息的方法/来源

7.2 参考可用出版物

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Rain Water Harvesting Handbook, Ministry of Water and Environment

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

https://www.mwe.go.ug/sites/default/files/library/Rain%20Water%20Harvesting%20Handbook.pdf

7.3 链接到网络上可用的相关信息

标题/说明:

Rainwater Reservoirs above Ground Structures for Roof Catchment

URL:

http://www.itacanet.org/doc-archive-eng/water/Rainwater_reservoirs_GTZ.pdf