1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 所述技术的可持续性声明

这里所描述的技术在土地退化方面是否存在问题，导致无法被认为是一种可持续的土地管理技术？:

否

1.5 参考关于SLM方法（使用WOCAT记录的SLM方法）的调查问卷

Participatory on-farm resarch and demonstration in UK arable … [英国]

To find and demonstrate ways of better managing the land.

• 编制者： Ceris A. Jones
• 01/12/2009 midnight

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Surface cultivation of up to the top 10cm of soil but not complete inversion

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Machinery with discs or tines replace the plough for minimal cultivations of the soil. Equally crops may be established by no-tillage/ zero-tillage.

Purpose of the Technology: (i) soil protection (ii) improved crop establishment particularly through the speeding up of of operations.

Establishment / maintenance activities and inputs: appropriate machinery, soil condition and following crop all determine establishment. Maintenance: on an annual basis.

Natural / human environment: SOWAP (ww.sowap.org) project working with farmer to protect environment and maintain economic viability

2.3 技术照片

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

国家:

英国

区域/州/省:

Somerset

有关地点的进一步说明:

Minehead

注释:

Total area covered by the SLM Technology is 0.007 km2.
Farm is a total of 126ha of which 28ha are grazed, 9ha are under environmental stewardship and 7ha are set aside. The total SWC technology area represents a project demonstration plot.

Map

×

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过项目/外部干预

注释（项目类型等）:

From the USA where in the 1930's the 'dust-bowls' necessitated the development of soil conservation in intensive agriculture.

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产
• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

农田

• 一年一作

年作 - 具体指明作物:

• 谷类 - 小麦（春季）
• 油料作物 - 向日葵、菜籽、其他

每年的生长季节数:

• 1

具体说明:

Longest growing period in days: 300, Longest growing period from month to month: Sep - Jul

注释:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): Soil erosion and compaction caused by inappropriate land use and intensive grazing respectively
Major land use problems (land users’ perception): Soil erosion and capping of the soil
Type of cropping system and major crops comments: winter wheat - winter oilseed rape - winter wheat - beans - winter wheat

3.4 供水

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

3.5 该技术所属的SLM组

• 最小的土壤扰动

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

农艺措施

• A1：植被和土壤覆盖层
• A3：土壤表面处理

A3：区分耕作制度:

A 3.1：免耕

注释:

Type of agronomic measures: early planting, mulching, mineral (inorganic) fertilizers, minimum tillage, breaking compacted subsoil

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

土壤水蚀

• Wt：表土流失/地表侵蚀
• Wo：场外劣化效应

物理性土壤退化

• Pk：熟化和结壳

注释:

Main causes of degradation: other human induced causes (specify) (agricultural causes: focus on yields), labour availability (too much labour: attempting to maintain rural employment)
Secondary causes of degradation: education, access to knowledge and support services (lack of knowledge), insufficient time for farmers to consider the issu

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 减少土地退化

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

£

如相关，注明美元与当地货币的汇率（例如1美元=79.9巴西雷亚尔）：1美元=:

0.56

4.5 维护/经常性活动

注释:

Additional info: - Year2: drill: mid September / per crop - Year2: roll: mid September / per crop - Year3: shallow sub-soil: November / per crop - Year3: drill: November / per crop

4.6 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

注释:

Machinery/ tools: Vaderstad Carrier, Vaderstad drill and roller

Only crop establishment costs are included as all other costs - seed, fertilisers, pesticides - are equivalent with those for conventionally mouldboard ploughing. The costs highlghted include labour. Equivalent crop establishment costs by ploughing are 225 (year1), 231 (year2), 190 (year3)

4.7 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

slope (steeper slopes require more horsepower), state of the soil, climate, crop

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

5.3 土壤

如有可能，附上完整的土壤描述或具体说明可用的信息，例如土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、阳离子交换能力、氮、盐度等。:

Soil fertility is medium

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

Population density: 10-50 persons/km2
Annual population growth: < 0.5%
5% of the land users are very rich and own 20% of the land.
10% of the land users are rich and own 20% of the land.
85% of the land users are average wealthy and own 60% of the land.

Off-farm income specification: Contracting work forms greater part of income

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者使用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

• Other

土地使用权:

• 租赁

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

其它社会经济效应

社会文化影响

生态影响

土壤

生物多样性:植被、动物

其它生态影响

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

6.5 技术采用

注释:

100% of land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material support
1 land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material support
There is a moderate trend towards spontaneous adoption of the Technology
Comments on adoption trend: Driven by economics

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

7.1 信息的方法/来源

7.2 参考可用出版物

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

FWAG (Farming and Wildlife Advisory group)

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

www.fwag.org.uk

7.3 链接到网络上的相关信息

标题/说明:

SMI

URL:

www.smi.org.uk

标题/说明:

L and D farming

URL:

www.landdfarming.co.uk

标题/说明:

Vaderstad machinery

URL:

www.vaderstad.com

标题/说明:

SOWAP project

URL:

www.sowap.org