UNCCD

Conservation Agriculture (Sustainable Crop Production Intensification) [Liban]

Entité concernée: Lebanon

Précisez si la technologie indiquée dans le modèle, ou une partie de cette technologie, est protégée par des droits de propriété intellectuelle: Non

État complet : 74%

Informations générales

Informations générales

Titre des bonnes pratiques:

Conservation Agriculture (Sustainable Crop Production Intensification)

Pays:

Liban

Entité concernée:

Lebanon

Droits de propriété intellectuelle

Précisez si la technologie indiquée dans le modèle, ou une partie de cette technologie, est protégée par des droits de propriété intellectuelle:

Non

Spécifications

Section 1. Contexte de la meilleure pratique : conditions du cadre (environnement naturel et humain)

Site

Lebanon

Brève description de l’environnement naturel du site

All soils
Terraces, plains, Mountainous areas|
Mediterranean Climate

Conditions socio-économiques dominantes des personnes vivant sur ou à proximité du site

private lands; land rental
Agriculture
Poor to middle income

Sur la base de quel critère/indicateur(s) (sans relation avec la stratégie) la pratique proposée et technologie correspondante ont-elles été considérées comme « meilleures »?

Conservation agriculture aims at the conservation of land, soil and water resources while minimizing production costs and achieving similar results when compared to conventional agriculture.|

Section 2. Problèmes abordés (causes directes et indirectes) et objectifs de la meilleure pratique

Principaux problèmes abordés par la meilleure pratique

Water scarcity
Fragility of soils
Soil degradation
Conservation of organic matters and soil nutrients|Overall objective: Conservation Agriculture is promoted and is implemented on a large scale in five to seven countries under approaches adapted to local conditions in each country/area.

Décrivez les principaux problèmes liés à la dégradation des terres abordés par la meilleure pratique

Soil erosion
Soil deterioration
Soil moisture
Destruction of the production cycles and the supporting ecosystems

Précisez les objectifs de la meilleure pratique

Overall Objective:
Conservation Agriculture is promoted and is implemented on a large scale in five to seven countries under approaches adapted to local conditions in each country/area.
|Specific objectives
1. Implement CA practices and develop a critical mass of applied CA in selected countries;
|2. Improve the capacity of the agricultural stakeholders in implementing CA practices.
|3. Set up favorable institutional,regulatory and economic
framework conditions for CA implementation
|4. Raise the awareness of relevant stakeholders on the need and importance of CA
|5. Improve average agricultural crop yield per unit area of land while retaining sustainability of agricultural practices
|6. Improve farmer income and living standards by decreasing
production costs
|7. Decrease vulnerability of agricultural systems to climatic changes and variations of drought periods

Section 3. Activités

Brève description des principales activités, par objectif

Achieving favorable framework conditions through the active support, cooperation and commitment of national authorities.
Introducing into academia adapted curricula covering the concept of CA to mainly four (4)target groups (1)universities with department in agriculture and/or related disciplines, (2) Vocational/Technical students,
(3) Extension staff, and (4) Farmers.
|Capacity building through participatory on the job trainings and on‐farm trials and demonstrations will be undertaken for extension staff and farmers.
|Peer‐to‐Peer exchange to enhance exchange of experiences and highlight success stories and setbacks for analysis and evaluation.
Awareness raising and information campaigns targeting governmental organizations, public institutions, syndicates, cooperatives, and private sector for a better understanding of CA principles and practices.
|Production of information material and their wide dissemination to indirect and ultimate beneficiaries.
|Technical information sheets/fact sheets for extension staff and farmers on various topics developed based on results of implemented projects.
On‐farm demonstrations in strategic locations (agro‐ecological zones) to establish a critical mass of CA applications in selected agro‐ecological zones, which will act as nuclei for even further expansion later on;
|Demonstration and multiplication plots with cover crops/forage crops at the level of the research centers;|Establishment of CA user groups in each country.

Brève description et caractéristiques techniques de la technologie

The application of CA provokes a number of positive environmental, economic and social benefits on global, regional, local and farm level:
It provides a sustainable production system, not only conserving but also enhancing the natural resource base and increasing the variety of soil biota, fauna and flora (including wild life) in the agricultural production systems without sacrificing yields at the high production levels.
No‐till fields act as a sink for CO2 and CA applied on a global scale could provide a major contribution to control air pollution in general and global warming in particular. Farmers applying CA practice could eventually be rewarded with carbon credits.
By not tilling the soil, farmers can save between 30 and 40% of time and labour, and in mechanized agriculture, fossil fuels, as compared to tillage‐based cropping.
Soils under CA have very high water infiltration capacities, reducing surface runoff and thus soil erosion significantly.
CA is not low output agriculture but delivers yields that are comparable or greater than those obtained with modern tillage‐based intensive agriculture, but in a sustainable way.
For the farmer, CA is mostly attractive because it allows a reduction of the production costs, time and labour, particularly at times of peak demand such as land preparation and planting, and in mechanized systems it reduces the costs
 CA is not low output agriculture but delivers yields that are comparable or
greater than those obtained with modern tillage‐based intensive
agriculture, but in a sustainable way. Yields tend to increase over the
years with a simultaneous decrease in yield variations.
 For the farmer, CA is mostly attractive because it allows a reduction of the
production costs, reduction of time and labour, particularly at times of
peak demand such as land preparation and planting, and in mechanized
systems it reduces the costs
Economical effects
More immediate and crucial to a farmer are the economical benefits. A reduction
in production costs, savings in energy (fuel, labour) and capital (wear and tear), all
goes to translate farming into a more profitable enterprise. The reduction of
production |

Section 4. Institutions/acteurs impliqués (collaboration, participation, rôle des parties prenantes)

Nom et adresse de l’institution développant la technologie

GIZ|GIZ - Desertification and Land Degradation Project - Ministry of Agriculture - Beirut - Lebanon. www.codanet.net

La technologie a-t-elle été développée en partenariat ?

Oui

Dressez la liste des partenaires :

ACSAD; Ministry of Agriculture; Universities

Précisez le cadre de promotion de la technologie

  • Initiative internationale

La participation des parties prenantes locales, y compris des OSC, a-t-elle été recherchée au cours du développement de la technologie ?

Oui

Dressez la liste des parties prenantes locales:

Farmers and cooperatives; NGOs (arc en ciel)

Précisez le rôle des parties prenantes ci-dessus dans la conception, l’introduction, l’utilisation et la maintenance de la technologie, le cas échéant.

Farmers and cooperatives: implementation of the concept at the farm level; maintenance and promotion
NGOs: Promotion of the CA through the different awareness raising and training events organised with farmers; implementation in project sites

La population vivant sur ou à proximité du site a-t-elle été impliquée dans le développement de la technologie?

Oui

Par quels moyens?
  • Approches participatives

Analyses

Section 5. Contribution à l’impact

Décrivez les impacts sur site (les deux principaux impacts par catégorie)

It improves the productivity by reducing the production costs.
The successful change of the production system and the increased income raises the self‐confidence of entire farming communities.
Poverty reduction:  Reduced labour requirements for tilling and weeding allow farmers to spend their time on other income‐generating activities.
CA ensure a sustainable yield over time
Conservation of biodiversity, mainly in the dry-lands|
Conservation of water and land resources
Food security:This increases yield stability thus reducing considerably the risk of crop failure due to drought.
Contribution to empowerment of farming communities

Décrivez les deux principaux impacts hors site (dans les environs)

Reduction in soil erosion and related risks
Reduction of surface run-off and improvement of underground water

Impact sur la biodiversité et le changement climatique

Décrivez:

It provides a sustainable production system, not only conserving but also enhancing the natural resource base and increasing the variety of soil biota, fauna and flora (including wild life) in the agricultural production systems. As CA depends on biological processes to work, it enhances the biodiversity in an agricultural production system on a micro‐ as well as macro level.
No‐till fields act as a sink for CO2 and CA applied on a global scale could provide a major contribution to control air pollution in general and global warming in particular.
Soil tillage is, among all farming operations, the single most energy consuming and thus, in mechanized agriculture, an air‐polluting operation.
CA enables an efficient use of rainwater (“More crop per drop”). This increases yield stability thus reducing considerably the risk of crop failure due to drought.

Une analyse coût-avantage a-t-elle été réalisée?

Une analyse coût-avantage a-t-elle été réalisée? :

Oui

Section 6. Adoption et caractère transposable

La technologie a-t-elle été diffusée/introduite sur d’autres sites?

La technologie a-t-elle été diffusée/introduite sur d’autres sites? :

Oui

Où?

In several countries of the region

Pouvez-vous identifier les trois principales conditions ayant favorisé la réussite de la meilleure pratique/technologie présentée?

Favorable weather and soil conditions. Replicable elsewhere with some adaptation
Farmers willing to implement new concepts. Replicable elsewhere with some adaptation
Clear reduction in the production costs and improvement of yield. Replicable elsewhere with some adaptation

Réplication

Selon vous, la meilleure pratique/technologie proposée peut-elle reproduite, y compris avec un certain degré d’adaptation?

Oui

Si oui, à quel niveau?
  • Local
  • Sous-national
  • National
  • Sous-régional
  • Régional
  • International

Section 7. Leçons tirées

Liées aux ressources humaines

The reduction in the time spent on tillage and other mechanized operations allows the farmers to undertake other activities and to diversify their income generating activities

Liées aux aspects techniques

The reduction in the use of heavy machinery improves the soil structure and increases water infiltration rates

Modules