Brève description de la meilleure pratique

Pasture is divided into several plots based on its productivity, and grazing period and grazing systems are fixed according to the carrying capacity of each plot. The demonstration plots were identified at spring and autumn ranges in Hexigten Banner of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. There around plots were rivers, lakes and residential areas, and grasslands degraded seriously because of tramples by livestock when drinking water. Hexigten Banner initiated the project of rotational grazing in order to improve the living and production conditions of herdsmen, prompt reform of local production systems and preserve the ecological environment of grasslands. The main target of the project was to achieve the balance of pasture utilization, rational development of water resources, and eventually realize the balance between grass and livestock all the year through rotational grazing in summer and autumn and crops grown for silage, etc..|

Site

Jiri Villiage and Hongqi Villiage of Baiyinchagan Township, Hexigten Banner of Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia, China.|

Brève description de l’environnement naturel du site

Semi-arid continental climate.
Soil is loamy texture and soil erodibility is medium.
Plain/plateaus.

Conditions socio-économiques dominantes des personnes vivant sur ou à proximité du site

Collective ownership and individual use rights
Farming.
Local income level is low. Per Capita Annual Net Income is CNY 5090 in Rural areas of Hexigten Banner of Inner Mongolia in 2011.

Sur la base de quel critère/indicateur(s) (sans relation avec la stratégie) la pratique proposée et technologie correspondante ont-elles été considérées comme « meilleures »?

Grazing land.
It allows rehabilitation of degraded grassland, sustains land use for long term, increases income of local farmers, is suitable to natural conditions and is well accepted by the local participants.|

Principaux problèmes abordés par la meilleure pratique

Over grazing is controlled and is in favour of pasture recovery.
|Decrease desertification.|Solve the contradiction between limited rangeland and growing demand of animal husbandry.|Improve awareness of ecological protection in communities.

Décrivez les principaux problèmes liés à la dégradation des terres abordés par la meilleure pratique

Grassland degradation caused by overgrazing was addressed.

Précisez les objectifs de la meilleure pratique

Restore the normal growth of the pasture.|Solve water shortage for livestock.|Improve grassland productivity.|Achieve sustainable use of resources.

Brève description des principales activités, par objectif

1. Dig wells, fit windmills, build water tank and carry water by tractors.
2. Cultivate forage crop at small scale with irrigation and fertilizer application.
3. Establish silage to supply forage all the year.
1. Enclose an area within demonstration plot serving as water storage for livestock under the conditions if there are river of lake available.
2. In the rolling areas, one drinking point should be created for two plots. Dig well near the pasture track. A pitcher with capacity of 16 ton of water should be installed around each windmill.
3. If landform of plot is flat, the pitcher should be built at high terrace in favour of water flow in pipeline to grazing area.|
1. Divide the rangeland into units.
2. Establish and mend enclosures.
3. Forage basis are leveled ground and sowed by project house-holders as spring drew near.
1. Develop high-yielding forage basis.
2. Strengthen control of diseases of livestock and.
3. Implement balance system of the grass and livestock.

Brève description et caractéristiques techniques de la technologie

Technical contents of rotational grazing mainly included: (1) Balance the utilization of grasslands through dividing the rangeland into units; (2) Solve the problem of water shortage by means of windmill, water tank and water transportation by tractors, etc; (3) Cultivate high-yielding forage crop at small scale with irrigation and fertilizer application; (4) Establish silage to supply forage; (5) Strengthen control of diseases of livestock and improve rangeland management.
Five barbed wire fences around rotational grazing units were used and the pillars of enclosures were made up of cements. Plots were divided by zinc coated fences, and added a barbed wire at the top of the fences. Gate of each pilot was welded by steel pipes.

Nom et adresse de l’institution développant la technologie

Rangeland Survey and Design Institute, Inner Mongolia Agricultural and Pastoral Academy of Sciences.|No answer provided.

La technologie a-t-elle été développée en partenariat ?

Non

Précisez le cadre de promotion de la technologie

• Initiative locale
• Initiative nationale – gouvernementale
• Initiative basée sur un programme/projet

La participation des parties prenantes locales, y compris des OSC, a-t-elle été recherchée au cours du développement de la technologie ?

Oui

Dressez la liste des parties prenantes locales:

Project householders.

Précisez le rôle des parties prenantes ci-dessus dans la conception, l’introduction, l’utilisation et la maintenance de la technologie, le cas échéant.

Project householders were trained in the forms of textbook, information booklets in the use and maintenance of the technology.|

La population vivant sur ou à proximité du site a-t-elle été impliquée dans le développement de la technologie?

Non

Par quels moyens?

• Approches participatives

Décrivez les impacts sur site (les deux principaux impacts par catégorie)

Production methods of animal husbandry optimized. Saved labor was transferred to second and third industries.
Capacity of technology application of herdsmen was improved and herdmen’s traditional concept changed.
Livestock gained weight.
Pabular forages and grass coverage increased. Grazing intensity were lessened.
Herdsmen’s income increased.
Water and soil conservation were strengthened.

Décrivez les deux principaux impacts hors site (dans les environs)

Climate of sandystorm was lightened.

Impact sur la biodiversité et le changement climatique

Décrivez:

Activities and measures taken in the best practices/technology, which increased grass coverage, lessened grazing intensity, strengthened water and soil conservation in the demonstration plots, so the best practice had a positive impact on biodiversity conservation and climate change.|

Une analyse coût-avantage a-t-elle été réalisée?

Une analyse coût-avantage a-t-elle été réalisée? :

Oui

La technologie a-t-elle été diffusée/introduite sur d’autres sites?

La technologie a-t-elle été diffusée/introduite sur d’autres sites? :

Oui

Où?

4.6 million hm2 natural rangeland in Inner Mongolia.

Pouvez-vous identifier les trois principales conditions ayant favorisé la réussite de la meilleure pratique/technologie présentée?

The technology adapted to local natural and socio-economic development requirements.
The Chinese government has formulated relevant policies to encourage rotational grazing.
Local government had played an important role in application and scaling up of rotational grazing.

Réplication

Selon vous, la meilleure pratique/technologie proposée peut-elle reproduite, y compris avec un certain degré d’adaptation?

Oui

Si oui, à quel niveau?

• Local
• Sous-national

Liées aux ressources humaines

The individual capacity of some herdsmen is limited in the use of the technology.

Liées aux aspects techniques

Local the ability of the application and scaling up of the technology. As local herdsmen lack knowledge of animal management, and it is not easy to popularize the technology in the grazing areas.|