ອົງການ ສະຫະປະຊາຊາດ ໃນການຕ້ານ ການກາຍເປັນທະເລຊາຍ

Micro-catchment Rehabilitation [ເນໂປ]

  • ​ການ​ສ້າງ:
  • ​ປັບ​ປູງ:
  • ຜູ້ສັງລວມຂໍ້ມູນ:
  • ບັນນາທິການ:
  • ຜູ້ທົບທວນຄືນ:

ການລາຍງານກິດຈະການ: Nepal

ການພັນລະນາ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ ຫຼື ເປັນສ່ວນໜຶ່ງຂອງສິດທິ: ແມ່ນ

​ຄວາມ​ຄິດ​ເຫັນ: Most of the land belongs to the government, however, there are settlement and agricultural land parcels with in micro-watershed.

​ເບິ່ງ​ປະ​ຫວັດ
ຄວາມສົມບູນ: 80%

ຂໍ້​ມູນ​ທົ່ວ​ໄປ

ຂໍ້​ມູນ​ທົ່ວ​ໄປ

ຫົວຂໍ້ຂອງການປະຕິບັດທີ່ດີທີ່ສຸດ:

Micro-catchment Rehabilitation

ປະເທດ:

ເນໂປ

ການລາຍງານກິດຈະການ:

Nepal

ສິດທິທາງຊັບສິນ

ການພັນລະນາ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ ຫຼື ເປັນສ່ວນໜຶ່ງຂອງສິດທິ:

ແມ່ນ

ກະລຸນາ ສະໜອງ ຂໍ້ມູນຂ່າວສານ ທີ່ກ່ຽວຂ້ອງກັບ ສິດທິຜູ້ຖືຄອງດິນ:

Most of the land belongs to the government, however, there are settlement and agricultural land parcels with in micro-watershed.

ຂໍ້ມູນຈໍາເພາະ

ພາກທີ 1: ສະພາບການຂອງການປະຕິບັດ ທີ່ດີທີ່ສຸດ: ສະພາບການພາ (ສະພາບແວດລ້ອມທໍາມະຊາດ ແລະ ມະນຸດ)

ອະທິບາຍຫຍໍ້ເນື້ອໃນ ໃນການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດທີ່ດີທີ່ສຸດ

Pani-kholsi is a degraded micro-catchment of foot hills of the Chure region.  Due to loss of vegetation and fragile geological condition of the catchment a huge quantity of soil were being eroded to the downstream annually. The settlements in the upstream were highly vulnerable due to gully and landslides and downstream communities were vulnerable by flash flood, river/stream bed rising, and sedimentation, that affected the agricultural land, settlement and infrastructure. Most of cultivated land areas along the river/stream were converted to the unproductive and sandy area due to stream bank cutting and debris deposition by the stream.
The District Soil Conservation Office under the Department of Soil Conservation and Watershed Management in partnership with local community has designed the technology for the rehabilitation of land since 1995. The activities implemented were;
•Series of gabion and dry-stone check dams construction in highly risky area
•Contour ditches and trenches all over the degraded area
•Forest and fruit tree plantation based on the site condition
•Bamboo, Fodder and grass plantation.
•Bamboo shaft witling and cutting plantation  
•Construction of proper and safe drainage system
•Thinning and pruning in time to time
•A watch man for the take care of conservation works
After 10 years of rehabilitation works, the area of micro-catchment became protected and more than 1000 households of upstream and down-stream of this catchment were saved from the hazard of landslides, gully and flash floods. Presently the user group are actively managing the catchment and utilizing the forest products systematic manner.

ສະຖານທີ່

Panikholsi, Bardibans VDC-4, Mahottari District, Nepal

ອະທິບາຍຫຍໍ້ ສະພາບແວດລ້ອມ ພາຍໃນພື້ນທີ່

Sub tropical climate with maximum temperature is 370C and minimum temperature is 2.60C and average annual rainfall nearby this location is 1841.1 mm
Chure hill is formed by the classic fluvial and terrestrial sedimentary rocks and varies from clay stone, sandstone to conglomerates with the soils of sandy-clay, silts and pebbles. The geological units of Pani kholsi Micro-catchment is falls under the middle Siwalik.
Located in the bottom of Chure hills with the slopes of 10-20 percent. Panikholsi micro-catchment is directed to south west aspect with the altitude ranges from 410 - 500 meter from mean sea level.

ສະພາວະທາງສັງຄົມ ແລະ ເສດຖະກິດ ຂອງຜູ້ຄົນທີ່ດໍາລົງຊີວິດ ໃນສະຖານທີ່ ແລະ / ຫຼືໃກ້ຄຽງ

The income level of this community is below the national average due to traditional rain fed agricultural practices and subsistence livestock farming.
The total number of household in this Pani-kholsi micro-catchment is 415 and average size of the family is 6 people per family with a total population of 2492 (Census 2001). The main occupations of these families are agriculture and only few do business as shop keeper. The literacy rate of the residents is only 66 percent. Presently the secondar
An average land holding of each family is 0.5ha, with the private ownerships and land use right.  
Agriculture is the main sources of income for the majority of farmers in this micro-catchment area. Except the agriculture, they are getting the income from cash crops i.e. vegetable, fruits and forest product.

ບົນພື້ນຖານປະເພດ ແລະ ຕົວຊີ້ວັດ (ຫຼາຍ) ອັນໃດ (ບໍ່ກ່ຽວຂ້ອງກັບຍຸດທະສາດ) ຊຶ່ງຈຸດປະສົງ ໃນການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ນໍາໃຊ້ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ ທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບການພິຈາລະນາ ວ່າເປັນການຈັດຕັ້ງທີ່ "ດີທີ່ສູດ"?

Panikholsi micro-catchment rehabilitation is a best practice for the degraded catchment rehabilitation because it rehabilitated the land and converted highly degraded land into the dense forest within the period of 12 years. This best practice also created oncome for local community by selling forest products and livestock raising due to increased biomass production. At the same time, the level of confidence on technology and the level of awareness on people have been increased for the replication of technology in the locality.

ພາກທີ 2. ການບັນຫາການແກ້ໄຂ (ກົງ ແລະ ທາງອ້ອມສາເຫດ) ແລະ ຈຸດປະສົງຂອງການປະຕິບັດ ທີ່ດີທີ່ສຸດ

ບັນຫາຕົ້ນຕໍໃນການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດທີ່ດີທີ່ສຸດ

Rehabilitation of degraded land through micro-catchment treatment activities

ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ທີ່ດີແມ່ນແນ່ໃສ່ການແກ້ໃຂບັນຫາ ການເຊື່ອມໂຊມຂອງດິນ

The catchment of more than 300 hectares of sloppy land was degraded due to removal of vegetation that accelerated soil erosion, gulling and landslides. Deforestation happened due to uncontrolled cutting of forest. The lands of this catchment became unproductive and the settlements around the catchment and downstream became highly vulnerable due to the risks of landslides, gullies, stream bank cutting, flood and sedimentation.
After implementation of the program of micro-catchment rehabilitation, this area is reclaimed and controlled the soil loss and river bed rising, flooding to the settlements and cultivated lands and created an income generation opportunities to the local community.

ແຈ້ງຈຸດປະສົງ ຂອງການປະຕິບັດທີ່ດີທີ່ສຸດ

The main objectives of best practices are;
1.Rehabilitation of degraded land.
2.Control of landslides, gully and stream bank cutting, and degraded land rehabilitation,
3.Reduce soil loss from degraded land and reduce sedimentation in river and reduce incidence of flooding to the settlements.
4.Creation of opportunity for the income generation for the local people.  

ພາກທີ 3. ກິດຈະກໍາ

ລາຍລະອຽດຂອງກິດຈະກໍາຕົ້ນຕໍ, ໂດຍຈຸດປະສົງ

Rehabilitation of catchment by applying different techniques like landslides treatment, gully control through check dam, stream bank protection,
Protect water source, and construction of runoff harvesting dams etc.
Control the soil erosion from the degraded catchment
Reduce vulnerability of sedimentation, river bed rising, and control of flood to the settlements and stream bank cutting.  
Income generation for the local people through watershed protection

ຄໍາອະທິບາຍສັ້ນ ແລະ ຂໍ້ກໍາໜົດ ຂອງເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ

This best practice involves treatment of micro-watershed through the application of integrated watershed management practices.

ພາກທີ 4: ສະຖາບັນ / ພາກສ່ວນທີ່ກ່ຽວຂ້ອງ ທີ່ມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມ (ການຮ່ວມມື, ການມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມ,​ ພາລະບົດບາດຂອງພາກສ່ວນທີ່ກ່ຽວຂ້ອງ)

ຊື່ ແລະ ທີ່ຢູ່ຂອງສະຖາບັນການພັດທະນາ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ

District Soil Conservation Office Mahottari under the Department of Soil Conservation and Watershed Management , Nepal|District Soil Conservation Office Mahottari, Bardibans, Mahottari District, Nepal

ການພັດທະນາ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ ມີການຮ່ວມມືບໍ່?

ບໍ່ແມ່ນ

ລະບຸ ຂົງເຂດວຽກງານໃດ ທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບການສົ່ງເສີມໃຫ້ນໍາໃຊ້ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ

  • ການລິເລີ່ມພາຍໃນປະເທດ
  • ການລິເລີ່ມແຫ່ງຊາດ - ລັດຖະບານ, ການນໍາພາ

ການມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມ ຂອງພາກສ່ວນທີ່ກ່ຽວຂ້ອງ, ປະກອບດ້ວຍ CSOs, ຜຸ້ທີ່ມີສ່ວນໃນການພັດທະນາ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີບໍ່?

ແມ່ນ

ລາຍຊື່ພາກສ່ວນກ່ຽວຂ້ອງໃນທ້ອງຖິ່ນມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມ:

Local community groups

ສໍາລັບພາກສ່ວນກ່ຽວຂ້ອງ ທີ່ລະບຸໄວ້ຂ້າງເທິງ, ລະບຸ ພາລະບົດບາດ ຂອງເຂົາເຈົ້າໃນການອອກແບບ, ການແນະນໍາ, ການນໍາໃຊ້ ແລະ ບໍາລຸງຮັກສາ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ, ຖ້າມີ.

1. Collection of local materials used check-dam construction
2. Earthwork excavation for construction
3. Surface grass plantation
4. Fruit tree/fodder tree plantation

ມີປະຊາກອນ ທີ່ອາໃສຢຸ່ໃນພື້ນທີ່ ແລະ ພື້ນທີ່ຢູ່ໃກ້ຄຽງ ໄດ້ເຂົ້າຮ່ວມ ໃນການພັດທະນາ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີບໍ່?

ແມ່ນ

ໂດຍຄ່າຫຍັງ?
  • ປຶກສາຫາລື
  • ວິທີການ ແບບມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມ

ການວິເຄາະ

ພາກທີ 5. ການປະກອບສ່ວນໃສ່ຜົນກະທົບ

ອະທິບາຍ ຜົນກະທົບ ທາງກົງຕໍ່ພື້ນທີ່ການຜະລິດ (2 ຜົນກະທົບຫຼັກໂດຍແບ່ງໝວດໝູ່)

Increased milk and meat production due to increment of biomass production.
1. Greenery promotion through the development of vegetation
2. Increases the soil moisture and soil fertility
Improvement of water sources and extended the household water supply
1. Timber, firewood, grass and fodder production
2. Cash income by selling the bamboo cane
3. Additional income from the sale of bamboo, fruits and fish from the conservation pond.
1. Soil conservation and greenery development
2. Increases the water sources for the downstream users
1. Control the soil loss and land degradation
2. Promote the greenery with increases the biodiversity
1. Increase the household income by selling the forest products
2. community felt safety from the risk of natural disaster

ພັນລະນາ ຄວາມໝາຍ ຂອງຜົນກະທົບ ທາງອ້ອມ ທີ່ກະທົບໃສ່ນອກພື້ນທີ່ (ຕົວຢ່າງ, ທີ່ບໍ່ປະກົດໃນພື້ນທີ່ ແຕ່ຢູ່ອ້ອມແອ້ມພື້ນທີ່)

1. Degraded microcatchment rehabilitation in Dahalni kholsi, Maisthan VDC -4, Mahottari district
Degraded micro-catchment rehabilitation in Hawaldarni kholsi, Khayarmara VDC-9, Mahottari district.

ຜົນກະທົບຕໍ່ຊີວະນາໆພັນ ແລະ ສະພາບການປ່ຽນແປງດິນຟ້າອາກາດ

ອະທິບາຍເຫດຜົນ:

This best practice is very much compatible to lower down gthe impact of climate change in the local level mainly through increased biomass from grass and tree plantation, conservation of productive soil and reducing the risk of flood, sedimentation and damage of agricultural land and infrastructure protection in the downstream area. Other positive impact is increased agriculture production that secures food security of local people. Planting of fodder, grass, tree species and fruit in the community land and vegetable and cash crops are farming reduce farmers vulnerability to climate change impact.

ໄດ້ມີການວິເຄາະຕົ້ນທຶນການຜະລິດບໍ?

ໄດ້ມີການວິເຄາະຕົ້ນທຶນການຜະລິດບໍ?

ບໍ່ແມ່ນ

ພາກ 6 ການຮັບເອົາ ແລະ ການເຮັດຊໍ້າ

ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ ໄດ້ເຜີຍແຜ່ / ການນໍາສະເໜີສະຖານທີ່ອື່ນໆ?

ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ ໄດ້ເຜີຍແຜ່ / ການນໍາສະເໜີສະຖານທີ່ອື່ນໆ?

ແມ່ນ

ຢູ່ໃສ?

In other 50 districts in nepal

ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ ໄດ້ມີການສະໜອງ ສີ່ງກະຕຸກຊຸກຍູ້ບໍ?

ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ ໄດ້ມີການສະໜອງ ສີ່ງກະຕຸກຊຸກຍູ້ບໍ?

ແມ່ນ

ການລະບຸ ປະເພດຂອງແຮງຈູງໃຈ:
  • ການສະໜັບສະໜູນ ທາງດ້ານການເງິນ (ຕົວຢ່າງ, ການອ້າງອີງອັດຕາຕາມຄວາມເໝາະສົມ, ການຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອລ້າ ຈາກລັດຖະບານ, ກອງທຶນ, ເງິນກູ້)
  • ສິ່ງຈູງໃຈງົບປະມານ (ສໍາລັບການຍົກຕົວຢ່າງ, ການຍົກເວັ້ນຈາກຫຼືການຫຼຸດຜ່ອນອາກອນ, ພາສີ, ຄ່າທໍານຽມ, ແລະອື່ນໆ)

ທ່ານສາມາດກໍານົດ 3 ເງື່ອນໄຂຫຼັກ ໃນການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ ທີ່ປະສົບຜົນສໍາເລັດ ແລະ ຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດໄດ້ດີບໍ?

Community participation and support from government office
Motivation among local community and government staffs

ການເຮັດຊໍ້າ

ໃນທັດສະນະມູມມອງຂອງທ່ານ, ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ ສາມາດເອົາໄປນໍາໃຊ້ໄດ້ຢູ່ພື້ນທີ່ອື່ນໆບໍ ເຖິງວ່າມີບາງລະດັບການປັບຕົວ?

ແມ່ນ

ໃນລະດັບໃດ?
  • ທ້ອງຖິ່ນ
  • ລະຫວ່າງປະເທດ
  • ແຫ່ງຊາດ
  • ລະດັບພາກພື້ນ

ພາກທີ 7. ບົດຮຽນທີ່ຖອດຖອນໄດ້

ທີ່ກ່ຽວຂ້ອງກັບຊັບພະຍາກອນມະນຸດ

1.Active participation and involvement of local community is necessary from the planning to the implementation and monitoring
2.All the member of community should be given an opportunity to participate in decision making and access to benefits.

ທີ່ກ່ຽວຂ້ອງກັບລັກສະນະດ້ານວິຊາການ

Technology of rehabilitation should be easily replicable.
Locally people needs to be trained for implementation of the activities

ຂໍ້ມູນການເຊື່ອມຕໍ່ ແລະ ເນື້ອໃນ

ຂະຫຍາຍທັງໝົດ ຍຸບທັງໝົດ

ເນື້ອໃນ