1.2 ລາຍລະອຽດ ການຕິດຕໍ່ ຂອງບຸກຄົນທີ່ຊັບພະຍາກອນ ແລະ ສະຖາບັນ ການມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມ ໃນການປະເມີນຜົນ ແລະ ເອກະສານ ຂອງວິທີທາງ

ຊື່ຂອງໂຄງການ ທີ່ອໍານວຍຄວາມສະດວກ ໃນການສ້າງເອກກະສານ ຫຼື ປະເມີນດ້ານແນວທາງ (ຖ້າກ່ຽວຂ້ອງ)

Sustainable land management in the Russian steppes (KULUNDA / GLUES)

ຊື່ຂອງໂຄງການ ທີ່ອໍານວຍຄວາມສະດວກ ໃນການສ້າງເອກກະສານ ຫຼື ປະເມີນດ້ານແນວທາງ (ຖ້າກ່ຽວຂ້ອງ)

Book project: Making sense of research for sustainable land management (GLUES)

ຊື່ຂອງ ສະຖາບັນການຈັດຕັ້ງ ທີ່ອໍານວຍຄວາມສະດວກ ໃນການສ້າງເອກກະສານ ຫຼື ປະເມີນແນວທາງ (ຖ້າກ່ຽວຂ້ອງ)

Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg (Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg) - ເຢຍລະມັນ

1.3 ເງື່ອນໄຂ ຂອງການນໍາໃຊ້ເອກກະສານຂໍ້ມູນ ຂອງ WOCAT

ເມື່ອໃດທີ່ໄດ້ສັງລວມຂໍ້ມູນ (ຢູ່ພາກສະໜາມ)?

19/07/2016

ຜູ້ສັງລວມ ແລະ ບັນດາຜູ້ຕອບແບບສອບຖາມ ຍອມຮັບໃນເງື່ອນໄຂ ການນໍາໃຊ້ຂໍ້ມູນເອກະສານ ທີ່ສ້າງຂື້ນ ໂດຍຜ່ານ ອົງການ WOCAT:

ແມ່ນ

1.4 ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ (ຫຼາຍ) ກັບແບບສອບຖາມ (ຫຼາຍ) ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ ຂອງດ້ານການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ

2.1 ການອະທິບາຍ ໂດຍຫຍໍ້ ຂອງວິທີທາງ

Field days are events for regional stakeholders, mainly farmers in the study area, to discuss their demands regarding scientific help, and to be informed about the activities and results of new methods and technologies for conservation agriculture.

2.2 ການອະທິບາຍ ລາຍລະອຽດ ຂອງວິທີທາງ

ການອະທິບາຍ ລາຍລະອຽດ ຂອງວິທີທາງ:

Aims / objectives: The approach aimed at raising awareness, encouraging exchange and communication for new sustainable land management (SLM) technologies including no-till and minimum till. The main goal - implementation of improved SLM technologies – was intended to be achieved through capacity building and strengthening of the acceptance of new technologies Field days, organized at a partner farm/ study site in Poluyamki (Mikhailovski Rayon), were a suitable framework for the achievement of this goal. Another objective of the field day is cooperation and networking between farmers, scientists, representatives of the regional politics and administration, and commercial companies. This stimulates the exchange of knowledge and the dissemination of new information about SLM - which is very important for the successful implementation and evolution of the technology.

Methods: For effective presentation of the minimum and no-till cropping systems to the public, and to give everyone present at the field day the opportunity to inform themselves about conservation measures, an information point was set up by the project. For spread of information about research activities, results and recommendations, posters were presented - and leaflets and brochures were handed out. In this way it was possible to promote knowledge transfer from the scientists to the farmers, and to receive feedback.

Stages of implementation: Furthermore, interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary knowledge exchange and discussion was initiated about the results and recommendations, which were based on the presentations given in the community centre. Due to the participation of many important local stakeholder groups, the field day was a suitable platform to contribute to network-building. Also, among the participants were private companies working in the agrarian sector. The cooperation partner of the research project, the Amazone company, also made presentations. In the study site the new tillage systems are already working. Furthermore the test farm unit in Poluyamki has also started to implement no-till and minimum tillage systems on fields outside the test farm, on farmer’s fields that do not belong to the project’s research sites and are not under the control of the project staff.

Role of stakeholders: Farmers are the stakeholders of primary importance, since it is hoped they will take up and implement the conservation technologies. Therefore most participants during the field day were farmers. Those invited are interested in new technologies and have the necessary financial power to invest in new technologies. The chances of successful implementation in their farms are very good. Most of these farms already have experience in conservation technologies. In the investigation area, about 20-30% of land is already cropped/ cultivated under some form of conservation soil tillage.

2.3 ຮູບພາບຂອງແນວທາງ

2.5 ປະເທດ / ເຂດ / ສະຖານທີ່ບ່ອນທີ່ແນວທາງໄດ້ຖືກນໍາໃຊ້

2.6 ວັນທີເລີ່ມຕົ້ນ ແລະ ສິ້ນສຸດ ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕີບັດ ວິທີທາງ

2.7 ປະເພດຂອງແນວທາງ

• ພາຍໃຕ້ໂຄງການ / ແຜນງານ

2.8 ເປົ້າໝາຍ / ຈຸດປະສົງຫຼັກ ຂອງການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ວິທີທາງ

The Approach focused mainly on SLM with other activities (Awareness raising for the importance of environmental as well as economic sustainability)

Improvement of technology adoption through: Awareness raising, knowledge exchange and transfer, capacity building

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: - Low agricultural production of conventional/ traditional farming systems
- Limited economic efficiency of conventional/ traditional cropping systems
- Lack of soil water and decrease of soil fertility under conventional/ traditional farming systems
- lack of technical knowledge to implement modern adapted technologies for cropping and cope with more extreme events such as drought

2.9 ເງື່ອນໄຂອໍານວຍ ຫຼື ຂັດຂວາງການປະຕິບັດຂອງເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ / ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີການນໍາໃຊ້ຕາມແນວທາງ

3.1 ຜູ້ມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມ ໃນວິທີທາງ ແລະ ພາລະບົດບາດ ຂອງເຂົາເຈົ້າ

3.2 ການມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມຂອງຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນໃນທ້ອງຖິ່ນ / ຊຸມຊົນທ້ອງຖິ່ນໃນໄລຍະທີ່ແຕກຕ່າງກັນຂອງແນວທາງ

	ການລວບລວມ ເອົາຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນ ໃນທ້ອງຖິ່ນ / ຊຸມຊົນທ້ອງຖິ່ນ	ໃຫ້ລະບຸ ຜູ້ໃດທີ່ມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມ ໃນແຕ່ລະກິດຈະກໍາ?
ການເລີ່ມຕົ້ນ / ແຮງຈູງໃຈ	ການຮ່ວມມື	Experimental plots, demonstration plots and field days were held on land users farms
ການວາງແຜນ	ການຮ່ວມມື
ການປະຕິບັດ	ການຮ່ວມມື
ຕິດຕາມກວດກາ / ການປະເມີນຜົນ	ການຮ່ວມມື
Research	ການບໍ່ປະຕິບັດ

3.3 ແຜນວາດ (ຖ້າມີ)

3.4 ການຕັດສິນໃຈກ່ຽວກັບການຄັດເລືອກເຕັກໂນໂລຢີຂອງການຄຸ້ມຄອງທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ / ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ

ລະບຸ ຄົນທີ່ຕັດສິນໃຈ ກ່ຽວກັບການຄັດເລືອກຂອງ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ / ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ ຈະໄດ້ຮັບການປະຕິບັດ:

• ຜູ້ຊ່ຽວຊານ ຫຼັກດ້ານການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ, ມີການຕິດຕາມປຶກສາຫາລືກັບຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນ

ອະທິບາຍ:

The SLM specialists of the the KULUNDA project mainly make the decisions on the choice of the SLM technology in cooperation with the farmers.

Decisions on the method of implementing the SLM Technology were made by Project staff. At the beginning of the project a large interview campaign with relevant local stakeholders was conducted by the scientists of the KULUNDA-project. Based on the survey results, a decision on the implementation measures were made by the scientific staff on the German and Russian site with consultation with local stakeholder groups .

4.1 ການສ້າງຄວາມສາມາດ / ການຝຶກອົບຮົມ

ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນ ຫຼື ພາກສ່ວນກ່ຽວຂ້ອງອື່ນໆ ໄດ້ຮັບການຝຶກອົບຮົມບໍ່?

ແມ່ນ

ໃຫ້ລະບຸ ຜູ້ໃດທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບການຝຶກອົບຮົມ:

• ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນ
• ພະນັກງານພາກສະໜາມ / ທີ່ປຶກສາ

ຮູບແບບຂອງການຝຶກອົບຮົມ:

• ຕົວຕໍ່ຕົວ
• ເນື້ອທີ່ສວນທົດລອງ
• ກອງປະຊຸມ

ໃນຫົວຂໍ້:

Competitiveness of agricultural enterprises, ecologically and economically effective farm management through the use of resource-conserving crop production, costs for introducing modern tillage systems, personnel management, monitoring systems

4.2 ການບໍລິການໃຫ້ຄໍາປຶກສາ

ເຮັດຜູ້ໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນມີການເຂົ້າເຖິງການບໍລິການໃຫ້ຄໍາປຶກສາ?

ແມ່ນ

ລະບຸວ່າການສະໜອງ ການບໍລິການ ໃຫ້ຄໍາປຶກສາ:

• ໃນພື້ນທີ່ຂອງຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນ

ອະທິບາຍ / ຄວາມຄິດເຫັນ:

Name of method used for advisory service: Field days for demonstration and exchange; Key elements: The field seminar was a suitable platform for knowledge exchange on agricultural production in the Kulunda steppe, Capacity building: On-field demonstration as well as poster and presentations of project results and recommendations. Discussions in the field as well as in the lecture room allowed to address individual stakeholder questions and to suggest solutions. ; Training events in the vocational centre as a suitable way for knowledge transfer to farmers and specialists (training for trainers) in agricultural sector and capacity building.

Advisory service is quite adequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; There is already mainly a governmental advisory structure. The consultants are able to make recommendations for soil conserving technologies. However, international expertise and the demand of consultation by the farmers is too low.

4.4 ຕິດຕາມກວດກາ ແລະ ປະເມີນຜົນ

ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ວິທີທາງ ໄດ້ມີການປະເມີນຜົນ ແລະ ຕິດຕາມບໍ?

ແມ່ນ

ຄວາມຄິດເຫັນ:

Bio-physical aspects were regular monitored by project staff, land users through observations; indicators: crop and weed development, field emergence
Bio-physical aspects were regular monitored by project staff through measurements; indicators: physical and chemical soil parameters as well as soil water
Technical aspects were regular monitored by project staff, land users through observations; indicators: observation of the functionality of the soil conserving technologies, placement accuracy
Technical aspects were regular monitored by project staff through measurements; indicators: fuel consumption, yield,
Socio-cultural aspects were ad hoc monitored by project staff through observations; indicators: attitude
Economic / production aspects were regular monitored by project staff through measurements; indicators: input costs (labour seed, fertilizer, pesticide yield, profit margin
No. of land users involved aspects were ad hoc monitored by project staff through observations
Management of Approach aspects were ad hoc monitored by None through observations
There were no changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation

4.5 ການຄົ້ນຄວ້າ

ນີ້້ແມ່ນສ່ວນໜຶ່ງ ການຄົ້ນຄວ້າ ຂອງວິທີທາງບໍ່?

ແມ່ນ

ລະບຸ ຫົວຂໍ້:

• ສັງຄົມ
• ເສດຖະສາດ / ການຕະຫຼາດ
• ລະບົບນິເວດ
• ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ

5.1 ງົບປະມານປະຈໍາປີ ສໍາລັບວິທີທາງ ຂອງການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ

ຖ້າຫາກບໍ່ຮູ້ຈັດງົບປະມານທີ່ແນ່ນອນ ແມ່ນໃຫ້ປະມານເອົາ:

• 2,000-10,000

ຄໍາເຫັນ (ຕົວຢ່າງ: ແຫຼ່ງຂໍ້ມູນຫຼັກ ຂອງການສະໜອງທຶນ / ຜູ້ໃຫ້ທຶນທີ່ສໍາຄັນ):

Approach costs were met by the following donors: international (German Ministry of Education and Research, BMBF): 50.0%; private sector (AMAZONE Company for land use technology): 50.0%

5.2 ການສະໜັບສະໜູນ ທາງດ້ານການເງິນ / ອຸປະກອນ ສະໜອງໃຫ້ແກ່ຜູ້ນໍາທີ່ດິນ

ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນ ໄດ້ຮັບການສະໜັບສະໜູນ ທາງດ້ານ ການເງິນ / ອຸປະກອນ ໃນການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີບໍ?

ແມ່ນ

ຖ້າແມ່ນ, ໃຫ້ລະບຸປະເພດ (ຫຼາຍ) ຂອງການສະໜັບສະໜູນ, ເງື່ອນໄຂ ແລະ ຜູູ້ສະໜອງ (ຫຼາຍ):

by the agricultural company 'AMAZONE'

5.3 ເງິນສົມທົບສໍາລັບການນໍາໃຊ້ສະເພາະປັດໃຈຂາເຂົ້າໃນການຜະລີດກະສິກໍາ (ລວມທັງແຮງງານ)

• ອຸປະກອນ

• ກະສິກໍາ

ຖ້າແຮງງານ ຂອງຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນ ໄດ້ຮັບການສະໜັບສະໜູນ ປັດໃຈຂາເຂົ້າ, ແມ່ນບໍ່:

• ການອາສາ

5.4 ສິນເຊື່ອ

ໄດ້ປ່ອຍສິນເຊື່ອ ສະໜອງໃຫ້ພາຍໃຕ້ ວິທີການສໍາລັບກິດຈະກໍາ ການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນນຍົງບໍ່?

ບໍ່ແມ່ນ

6.1 ຜົນກະທົບຂອງແນວທາງ

6.2 ແຮງຈູງໃຈຫຼັກຂອງຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນໃນການປະຕິບັດການຄຸ້ມຄອງທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ

6.3 ຄວາມຍືນຍົງຂອງກິດຈະກໍາວິທີທາງ

ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ ທີ່ດິນ ສາມາດສືບຕໍ່ ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ຜ່ານວິທີທາງໄດ້ບໍ່ (ໂດຍປາດສະຈາກ ການຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ ຈາກພາກສ່ວນພາຍນອກ)?

• ແມ່ນ

6.4 ຈຸດແຂງ / ຂໍ້ດີ ຂອງວິທີທາງ

ຈຸດແຂງ / ຂໍ້ດີ / ໂອກາດໃນການນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນ
Opportunity for farmers to get information about new agricultural machinery and other products for implementing new conservation farming system (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: More intensive and profound consultation by agricultural companies regarding new conservation technologies.)
Exchange of experience in sustainable land use technologies between the farmers (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: More participating farmers and a constant exchange between not only on the field days)
Land user, specialists and advisers all get to know about new technical findings and basic research (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Regular meetings between the stakeholders. Inclusion of knowledgeable and successful farmers will increase the acceptance of the results presented.)

ຈຸດແຂງ / ຈຸດດີ / ໂອກາດ ຈາກທັດສະນະຂອງຜູ້ປ້ອນຂໍ້ມູນ ຫຼື ບຸກຄົນສຳຄັນ
Network building - strengthening and extension of the stakeholder platform. This platform includes different stakeholder spheres: extension service, land users, those in education, scientists, other support systems (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: By inviting various stakeholder groups and by creating opportunities for communication between participants.)
Participation of land users allows farmer-to-farmer learning (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Inclusion of different stakeholders for broad knowledge transfer. Large number of visitors helps to disseminate knowledge.)

6.5 ຈຸດອ່ອນ / ຂໍ້ເສຍຂອງແນວທາງ ແລະ ວິທີການແກ້ໄຂໃຫ້ເຂົາເຈົ້າ

ຈຸດອ່ອນ / ຂໍ້ເສຍ / ຄວາມສ່ຽງໃນມູມມອງຂອງຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນ	ມີວິທີການແກ້ໄຂຄືແນວໃດ?
Great organizational effort	More external support of field days for farmers.
Because of the high number of participants and the time limit field days are not well suited for coaching of individual farmers	Intensification of extension services. Initiation of additional events for advising.

ຈຸດອ່ອນ ຫຼື ຂໍ້ເສຍ ຫຼື ຄວາມສ່ຽງ ໃນມຸມມອງຂອງ ຜູ້ສັງລວມຂໍ້ມູນ ຫຼື ບັນດາຜູ້ຕອບແບບສອບຖາມ	ມີວິທີການແກ້ໄຂຄືແນວໃດ?
Reconciliation of basic research and applied research	Intensified cooperation between researchers and practitioners like farmers or agricultural companies
Limited duration of the project	By enhancing continuity of measures that are independent of the project. Strategy to initiate and promote the engagement of local partners such as the agricultural university or farmer associations / groups.

7.1 ວິທີການ / ແຫຼ່ງຂໍ້ມູນ