1.2 ລາຍລະອຽດ ການຕິດຕໍ່ ຂອງບຸກຄົນທີ່ຊັບພະຍາກອນ ແລະ ສະຖາບັນ ການມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມ ໃນການປະເມີນຜົນ ແລະ ເອກະສານ ຂອງວິທີທາງ

ຊື່ຂອງໂຄງການ ທີ່ອໍານວຍຄວາມສະດວກ ໃນການສ້າງເອກກະສານ ຫຼື ປະເມີນດ້ານແນວທາງ (ຖ້າກ່ຽວຂ້ອງ)

Decision Support for Mainstreaming and Scaling out Sustainable Land Management (GEF-FAO / DS-SLM)

ຊື່ຂອງ ສະຖາບັນການຈັດຕັ້ງ ທີ່ອໍານວຍຄວາມສະດວກ ໃນການສ້າງເອກກະສານ ຫຼື ປະເມີນແນວທາງ (ຖ້າກ່ຽວຂ້ອງ)

Land Development Department LDD (Land Development Department LDD) - ໄທ

1.3 ເງື່ອນໄຂ ຂອງການນໍາໃຊ້ເອກກະສານຂໍ້ມູນ ຂອງ WOCAT

ເມື່ອໃດທີ່ໄດ້ສັງລວມຂໍ້ມູນ (ຢູ່ພາກສະໜາມ)?

26/09/2018

ຜູ້ສັງລວມ ແລະ ບັນດາຜູ້ຕອບແບບສອບຖາມ ຍອມຮັບໃນເງື່ອນໄຂ ການນໍາໃຊ້ຂໍ້ມູນເອກະສານ ທີ່ສ້າງຂື້ນ ໂດຍຜ່ານ ອົງການ WOCAT:

ແມ່ນ

1.4 ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ (ຫຼາຍ) ກັບແບບສອບຖາມ (ຫຼາຍ) ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ ຂອງດ້ານການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ

2.1 ການອະທິບາຍ ໂດຍຫຍໍ້ ຂອງວິທີທາງ

The Thai government promotes planting of Eucalyptus camaldulensis on rice bunds to lower the saline groundwater level and prevent the spread of salt in soils - through cooperation of farmers, land owners, Siam Forestry Co., Ltd., Subdistrict Administration Organization, Land Development Department, and with specialists/ technical advisors.

2.2 ການອະທິບາຍ ລາຍລະອຽດ ຂອງວິທີທາງ

ການອະທິບາຍ ລາຍລະອຽດ ຂອງວິທີທາງ:

The Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives through the Land Development Department (LDD) has initiated a project on planting salt-tolerant perennial trees on salt-affected land in the Northeast of Thailand. Thus, this project, which began in 1996 facilitated planting Eucalyptus camaldulensis on rice bunds. The main objective of the approach is to encourage and support the land users to plant Eucalyptus camaldulensis on rice bunds in salt-affected land with shallow saline groundwater. The target of planting is 1,000 rai/yr (1 ha = 6.25 rai).

The activities started with public meetings under the local administration, identifying salt-affected areas by SLM specialists and preparing soil salinity maps; establishing demonstration plots by SLM specialists and farmers, on farmers' land, as learning centers and communicating. The local administration called farmers’ meetings to prepare detailed work plans and discussion of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of planting eucalyptus. The methods used were questionnaires and interviewing the stakeholders for their willingness to take part and cooperate with LDD SLM specialists, researchers, and experts. The LDD has provided funding for land preparation and planting cost while corporates such as Siam Forestry Co., Ltd. purchase eucalyptus poles through a contract. The Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives provides loans to land users.

There are three phases: the preparation phase which was seedling preparation, site selection for establishment of a demonstration plot, rice bund preparation, and establishing a demonstration plot of 200 rai at Ban Kham Riang, Muang Pia Sub-district, Banphai District, Khon Kaen Province. The coordination phase included joint meetings between farmers and researchers, joint monitoring, evaluation and follow-up with land users, and site visits to the demonstration plot. Then planting and tree establishment on farmers’ land in the salt-affected area – those farmers who were convinced by the results of the demonstration plots, Those farmers were then supported by the project on Planting Salt-Tolerant Perennial Trees on Saline Soils in the Northeast of Thailand. A market was established for the purchase of logs. There was joint monitoring & evaluation and follow up.

Results from interviews show that land users favor this project and the spread of eucalyptus planting by themselves - due to the perceived decrease in salination as well as higher income from better rice production, plus additional income from selling poles. However, there are some negative effects of fallen eucalyptus leaves (some farmers believe eucalyptus produces organic compounds detrimental to rice yield through “allelopathy”) and there was shading of the rice crop. But in some site visits there were no effects found. Furthermore, the favorable microclimate is cooler, local earth worms which used to be absent now returning, resulting in better soil properties. However, more birds and rats dwelling in this better environment became a disadvantage because they damaged the rice yield. Nevertheless, as there are more advantages than disadvantages, farmers still adopt this technology. It has been found that more than 10,000 rai (1,600 ha) with shallow saline groundwater of the salt-affected land were planted with eucalyptus trees on rice bunds in the low-lying salt-affected discharge area.

2.3 ຮູບພາບຂອງແນວທາງ

2.4 ວີດີໂອ ຂອງວິທີທາງ

2.5 ປະເທດ / ເຂດ / ສະຖານທີ່ບ່ອນທີ່ແນວທາງໄດ້ຖືກນໍາໃຊ້

2.6 ວັນທີເລີ່ມຕົ້ນ ແລະ ສິ້ນສຸດ ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕີບັດ ວິທີທາງ

2.7 ປະເພດຂອງແນວທາງ

• ພາຍໃຕ້ໂຄງການ / ແຜນງານ

2.8 ເປົ້າໝາຍ / ຈຸດປະສົງຫຼັກ ຂອງການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ວິທີທາງ

The main objective of the approach is to reduce salinity by encouraging and supporting land users to plant Eucalyptus camaldulensis, with a planting target of 1,000 rai/year (1 ha = 6.25 rai).

2.9 ເງື່ອນໄຂອໍານວຍ ຫຼື ຂັດຂວາງການປະຕິບັດຂອງເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ / ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີການນໍາໃຊ້ຕາມແນວທາງ

3.1 ຜູ້ມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມ ໃນວິທີທາງ ແລະ ພາລະບົດບາດ ຂອງເຂົາເຈົ້າ

3.2 ການມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມຂອງຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນໃນທ້ອງຖິ່ນ / ຊຸມຊົນທ້ອງຖິ່ນໃນໄລຍະທີ່ແຕກຕ່າງກັນຂອງແນວທາງ

	ການລວບລວມ ເອົາຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນ ໃນທ້ອງຖິ່ນ / ຊຸມຊົນທ້ອງຖິ່ນ	ໃຫ້ລະບຸ ຜູ້ໃດທີ່ມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມ ໃນແຕ່ລະກິດຈະກໍາ?
ການເລີ່ມຕົ້ນ / ແຮງຈູງໃຈ	ການຮ່ວມມື	Land users in the project based
ການວາງແຜນ	ການບໍ່ປະຕິບັດ	Discussion with land users on the work plan before starting the activity.
ການປະຕິບັດ	ການຮ່ວມມື	Land users/farmers in the project
ຕິດຕາມກວດກາ / ການປະເມີນຜົນ	ການບໍ່ປະຕິບັດ	Land users in the project

3.3 ແຜນວາດ (ຖ້າມີ)

3.4 ການຕັດສິນໃຈກ່ຽວກັບການຄັດເລືອກເຕັກໂນໂລຢີຂອງການຄຸ້ມຄອງທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ / ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ

ລະບຸ ຄົນທີ່ຕັດສິນໃຈ ກ່ຽວກັບການຄັດເລືອກຂອງ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ / ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ ຈະໄດ້ຮັບການປະຕິບັດ:

• ຜູ້ຊ່ຽວຊານ ຫຼັກດ້ານການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ, ມີການຕິດຕາມປຶກສາຫາລືກັບຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນ

ອະທິບາຍ:

SLM specialists locate salt-affected areas where shallow saline groundwater area is found. They then consult with land users to agree with the set technology and the shared benefit between LDD in combating salinity problem as well as their additional income with better soil and favorable microclimate.

Specify on what basis decisions were made:

• ປະເມີນເອກກະສານ ຄວາມຮູ້ກ່ຽວກັບ ການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ (ຫຼັກຖານທີ່ຊ່ວຍໃນການຕັດສິນໃຈ)

4.1 ການສ້າງຄວາມສາມາດ / ການຝຶກອົບຮົມ

ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນ ຫຼື ພາກສ່ວນກ່ຽວຂ້ອງອື່ນໆ ໄດ້ຮັບການຝຶກອົບຮົມບໍ່?

ແມ່ນ

ໃຫ້ລະບຸ ຜູ້ໃດທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບການຝຶກອົບຮົມ:

• ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນ

ຮູບແບບຂອງການຝຶກອົບຮົມ:

• ເນື້ອທີ່ສວນທົດລອງ
• ກອງປະຊຸມ

ໃນຫົວຂໍ້:

Reclamation and prevention for salt-affected land with available technology and increased income for farmers.

4.2 ການບໍລິການໃຫ້ຄໍາປຶກສາ

ເຮັດຜູ້ໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນມີການເຂົ້າເຖິງການບໍລິການໃຫ້ຄໍາປຶກສາ?

ແມ່ນ

ລະບຸວ່າການສະໜອງ ການບໍລິການ ໃຫ້ຄໍາປຶກສາ:

• ໃນພື້ນທີ່ຂອງຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນ

ອະທິບາຍ / ຄວາມຄິດເຫັນ:

1. Community soil doctor volunteers from Land Development Department provide knowledge by training farmers in the area.
2. SLM specialists from Land Development Department and specialists of Siam Forestry Co., Ltd. visited and advised farmers in the area.

4.3 ສະຖາບັນການສ້າງຄວາມເຂັ້ມແຂງ (ການພັດທະນາອົງການຈັດຕັ້ງ)

ສະຖາບັນ ໄດ້ຮັບການສ້າງຕັ້ງຂື້ນ ຫຼື ໄດ້ຮັບການສ້າງຄວາມເຂັ້ມແຂງ ໂດຍການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ວິທີທາງບໍ່?

• ບໍ່ມີ

4.4 ຕິດຕາມກວດກາ ແລະ ປະເມີນຜົນ

ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ວິທີທາງ ໄດ້ມີການປະເມີນຜົນ ແລະ ຕິດຕາມບໍ?

ແມ່ນ

ຄວາມຄິດເຫັນ:

SLM specialists from Land Development Department collaborated with Siam Forestry Co., Ltd. and community soil doctor volunteers on the soil conditions, the survival rate and follow up the growth of plants in the area.

ຖ້າແມ່ນ, ເອກກະສານສະບັບນີ້ ແມ່ນໄດ້ນໍາໃຊ້ເຂົ້າໃນການຕິດຕາມ ແລະ ປະເມີນຜົນບໍ່?

ແມ່ນ

ຄວາມຄິດເຫັນ:

There are various points in this document that are interesting and should be adapted for each area to use for evaluation.

4.5 ການຄົ້ນຄວ້າ

ນີ້້ແມ່ນສ່ວນໜຶ່ງ ການຄົ້ນຄວ້າ ຂອງວິທີທາງບໍ່?

ແມ່ນ

ລະບຸ ຫົວຂໍ້:

• ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ

ໃຫ້ຂໍ້ມູນ ເພີ່ມເຕີມ ແລະ ກໍານົດ ຜູ້ໃດເຮັດການຄົ້ນຄວ້າ:

The Soil Salinity Research Group, LDD, conducted research on saline groundwater flow path along the landscape in Northeast Thailand with Prof.Dr. Adrian Peck from University of Western Australia, supported by Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) and another project with Dr. Nico Marcar from Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) on screening for salt-tolerant trees.

5.1 ງົບປະມານປະຈໍາປີ ສໍາລັບວິທີທາງ ຂອງການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ

ຖ້າຫາກບໍ່ຮູ້ຈັດງົບປະມານທີ່ແນ່ນອນ ແມ່ນໃຫ້ປະມານເອົາ:

• 2,000-10,000

ຄໍາເຫັນ (ຕົວຢ່າງ: ແຫຼ່ງຂໍ້ມູນຫຼັກ ຂອງການສະໜອງທຶນ / ຜູ້ໃຫ້ທຶນທີ່ສໍາຄັນ):

Land Development Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MOAC), Thailand

5.2 ການສະໜັບສະໜູນ ທາງດ້ານການເງິນ / ອຸປະກອນ ສະໜອງໃຫ້ແກ່ຜູ້ນໍາທີ່ດິນ

ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນ ໄດ້ຮັບການສະໜັບສະໜູນ ທາງດ້ານ ການເງິນ / ອຸປະກອນ ໃນການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີບໍ?

ແມ່ນ

ຖ້າແມ່ນ, ໃຫ້ລະບຸປະເພດ (ຫຼາຍ) ຂອງການສະໜັບສະໜູນ, ເງື່ອນໄຂ ແລະ ຜູູ້ສະໜອງ (ຫຼາຍ):

Assistance in kind, labour cost and seedling supply.

5.3 ເງິນສົມທົບສໍາລັບການນໍາໃຊ້ສະເພາະປັດໃຈຂາເຂົ້າໃນການຜະລີດກະສິກໍາ (ລວມທັງແຮງງານ)

• ແຮງງານ

• ກະສິກໍາ

ຖ້າແຮງງານ ຂອງຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ດິນ ໄດ້ຮັບການສະໜັບສະໜູນ ປັດໃຈຂາເຂົ້າ, ແມ່ນບໍ່:

• ການອາສາ

ຄວາມຄິດເຫັນ:

Voluntary labour from land users for planting and maintenance has been calculated as labour cost even though LDD did not pay for the labour.

5.4 ສິນເຊື່ອ

ໄດ້ປ່ອຍສິນເຊື່ອ ສະໜອງໃຫ້ພາຍໃຕ້ ວິທີການສໍາລັບກິດຈະກໍາ ການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນນຍົງບໍ່?

ບໍ່ແມ່ນ

5.5 ສິ່ງຈູງໃຈ ຫຼື ເຄື່ອງມືອື່ນໆ

ການສົ່ງເສີມ ຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ເຕັກໂນໂລຢີ ໃນການຄຸ້ມຄອງ ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ ໄດ້ສະໜອງສິ່ງກະຕຸກຊຸກຍູ້ບໍ່?

ແມ່ນ

ຖ້າແມ່ນ, ໃຫ້ລະບຸ:

1. The policy of Siam Forestry Co., Ltd. to expand the planting area as a source of raw materials for industry and the company organizes a market in the area.
2. This technology encourages farmers to easily access their capital sources such as Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives, while the LDD will send the work plan and names of participating land users to the bank.

6.1 ຜົນກະທົບຂອງແນວທາງ

6.2 ແຮງຈູງໃຈຫຼັກຂອງຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນໃນການປະຕິບັດການຄຸ້ມຄອງທີ່ດິນແບບຍືນຍົງ

6.3 ຄວາມຍືນຍົງຂອງກິດຈະກໍາວິທີທາງ

ຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ ທີ່ດິນ ສາມາດສືບຕໍ່ ການຈັດຕັ້ງປະຕິບັດ ຜ່ານວິທີທາງໄດ້ບໍ່ (ໂດຍປາດສະຈາກ ການຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ ຈາກພາກສ່ວນພາຍນອກ)?

• ແມ່ນ

ຖ້າ ໄດ້, ອະທິບາຍເຫດຜົນ:

Farmers have a better understanding and positive attitude of planting eucalyptus, since they obtain additional income from selling eucalyptus logs.

6.4 ຈຸດແຂງ / ຂໍ້ດີ ຂອງວິທີທາງ

ຈຸດແຂງ / ຂໍ້ດີ / ໂອກາດໃນການນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນ
Community soil doctor volunteer and community leader are the coordinators in the area.
Farmers access to markets and sources of Eucalyptus seedlings easily.
LDD officers have continually surveyed and followed up in the area.
Distribute seedlings free of charge.
Good marketing for the purchase and sale in the area.

ຈຸດແຂງ / ຈຸດດີ / ໂອກາດ ຈາກທັດສະນະຂອງຜູ້ປ້ອນຂໍ້ມູນ ຫຼື ບຸກຄົນສຳຄັນ
A supported technique created to develop technology to suit landscape in the Northeast area.
Planting eucalyptus knowledge was provided regularly by the Land Development Department and Siam Forestry Co., Ltd.
Siam Forestry Co., Ltd. develop marketing covering the Northeast region.
A demonstration plot established in the area.

6.5 ຈຸດອ່ອນ / ຂໍ້ເສຍຂອງແນວທາງ ແລະ ວິທີການແກ້ໄຂໃຫ້ເຂົາເຈົ້າ

ຈຸດອ່ອນ / ຂໍ້ເສຍ / ຄວາມສ່ຽງໃນມູມມອງຂອງຜູ້ນໍາໃຊ້ທີ່ດິນ	ມີວິທີການແກ້ໄຂຄືແນວໃດ?
The LDD officers do not visit when the land users need help.	The officers need to contact the land users and give advice more often.
More birds and rats attack rice seeds in the field.	Set up crow scaring; some farmers catch birds and rats to eat.

ຈຸດອ່ອນ ຫຼື ຂໍ້ເສຍ ຫຼື ຄວາມສ່ຽງ ໃນມຸມມອງຂອງ ຜູ້ສັງລວມຂໍ້ມູນ ຫຼື ບັນດາຜູ້ຕອບແບບສອບຖາມ	ມີວິທີການແກ້ໄຂຄືແນວໃດ?
Farmers planted closer spacing of 1 m, expecting to get more wood product, regardless of the adverse effect on rice.	Clearly illustrate the adverse effect of closer spacing of plants.
Income from logs is considered too low.	Changing crops such as olives, figs, dates, pomegranate, etc.

7.1 ວິທີການ / ແຫຼ່ງຂໍ້ມູນ

7.2 ເອກະສານທົ່ວໄປທີ່ສາມາດໃຊ້ໄດ້

ຫົວຂໍ້, ຜູ້ຂຽນ, ປີ, ISBN:

Land Development Department

ມີຢູ່ໃສ?ມູນຄ່າເທົ່າໃດ?

http://www.ldd.go.th/

7.3 ການເຊື່ອມຕໍ່ກັບຂໍ້ມູນທີ່ກ່ຽວຂ້ອງທີ່ສາມາດໃຊ້ອອນໄລນ໌

ຫົວຂໍ້ / ພັນລະນາ:

Planting Eucalyptus on rice bunds: Better way for the Northeast farmers

URL:

http://www.ldd.go.th/

ຫົວຂໍ້ / ພັນລະນາ:

Eucalyptus : New opportunity by Siam Forestry

URL:

http://www.scgpackaging.com/others/forestry/eucalyptus/TH