1.2 Detalhes do contato das pessoas capacitadas e instituições envolvidas na avaliação e documentação da abordagem

Nome da(s) instituição(ões) que facilitou(ram) a documentação/avaliação da Abordagem (se relevante)

Shizuoka University - Japão

1.3 Condições em relação ao uso da informação documentada através de WOCAT

Quando os dados foram compilados (no campo)?

11/06/2011

O compilador e a(s) pessoa(s) capacitada(s) aceitam as condições relativas ao uso de dados documentados através do WOCAT:

Sim

1.4 Referência ao(s) questionário(s) sobre tecnologias da GST

2.1 Descrição curta da abordagem

Sustainable managements on pasture and forest lands based on natural regeneration by electrified fences

2.2 Descrição detalhada da abordagem

Descrição detalhada da abordagem:

Aims / objectives: The aim is to avoid any animals grazing in the targeted areas by establishing electrified fences around the areas, conserving natural conditions of pasture and forestry lands, strengthening the communities’ incomes growth, and planting trees resilient to climate change, thereby contributing to maintaining soil of the areas healthy.

Methods: The project facilitated the following activities: Setting electrified fences that are generated by solar power, strengthening the regeneration of natural forest tree, planting fruiting trees for their sustainable incomes, planting trees such as juniper, pine, poplar, willow, among others. Planting Rosa canina in side of fence and R.C. grown up 2 meter height a few years later and functions as a natural fence. Electrified fence is moved to other site. Also, the project was heavily involved with farmer participation for the planning, fundraising, and implementation with farmers’ initiative.

Stages of implementation: 1. Awareness raising, 2. On the job training, 3. management activity planning, 4. Implementation, 5. Monitoring, 6. Readjustment based on results, 7. Further replication in new area.

Role of stakeholders: The Project had a leading role in initiation, orientation, awareness raising, mobilization, training, consultancy, input provision and mediation of communication. The local farmers have been actively participating, have provided labor input / financial contribution, provided indigenous knowledge and skills. Local authorities - providing land titles, participation in planning and decision making process. There are 5 households involved with in this project. The two Tajik communities (Duoba in Hisor and Kumarg in Ayni), each of which is consisting of 35 members. The members of all households took part in discussion rounds and training. Women: farmers came to the discussions together with their wives in certain level; the women took part in training, in implementing almost all of the adoption measures, and equally benefited from the project. However, they were not involved in decision making.

2.3 Fotos da abordagem

2.5 País/região/locais onde a abordagem foi aplicada

2.6 Datas de início e término da abordagem

2.7 Tipo de abordagem

• Baseado em projeto/programa

2.8 Principais metas/objetivos da abordagem

The Approach focused mainly on SLM with other activities (natural regeneration, pasture management, protecting fruits trees, strengthening community incomes, resilient to climate change )

The aim is to avoid any animals grazing in the targeted areas by establishing electrified fences around the areas, conserving natural conditions of pasture and forestry lands, strengthening the communities’ incomes growth, and planting trees resilient to climate change, thereby contributing to maintaining soil of the areas healthy.

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: Lack of land tenure rights implementation. Nominal state farm reorganization. Low agricultural production - lands depleted of nutrients, very low yields, no crop rotation, all of which have led heavy concentration on overgrazing by domestic cattle. Soil degradation particularly by heavy precipitation and gully formation. Lack of technical knowledge and awareness of soil & water conservation measures. Lack of cash to invest in development of land - just limited capacity to invest but need external financial input. Poverty - underlying cause of general lack of potential to invest in development.

2.9 Condição que propiciam ou inibem a implementação de tecnologia/tecnologias aplicada(s) segundo a abordagem

3.1 Partes interessadas envolvidas na abordagem e seus papéis

3.2 Envolvimento do usuários de terra/comunidades locais nas diferentes fases da abordagem

	Envolvimento do usuários de terra/comunidades locais	Especifique quem estava envolvido e descreva as atividades
Iniciação/motivação	Apoio externo	farmers meeting with the team for orientation explaining goals, objectives. The communities who had strong understanding and willingness have only been selected.
Planejamento	Participativo	on site planning with farmers
Implementação	Participativo	training on the job, material inputs, and labor provision, cross visits
Monitoramento/avaliação	Participativo	Visits from the team at least once a month since the beginning, communications on ongoing activities, finding solutions.
Research	Automobilização	The team shares with the farmers the findings.

3.3 Fluxograma (se disponível)

3.4 Decisão sobre a seleção de tecnologia/tecnologias de GST

Especifique quem decidiu sobre a seleção de tecnologia/tecnologias a serem implementadas:

• Principalmente usuários da terra, apoiados por especialistas em GST

Explique:

mainly by sustainable land management specialists from Shizuoka University, State Forest Agency, and Forestry Research Institute, with consultation of land users.

Decisions on the method of implementing the SLM Technology were made by mainly by land users supported by SLM specialists. mainly by sustainable land management specialists from Shizuoka University, State Forest Agency, and National Academy of Science, with consultation of land users.

4.1 Reforço das capacidades/formação

Foi oferecida formação aos usuários da terra/outras partes interessadas?

Sim

Especifique quem foi capacitado:

• Usuários de terra
• Equipe de campo/consultores

Caso seja relevante, especifique gênero, idade, status, etnia, etc.

Training provided for local communities, local authorities, State Forest Agency

Tipo de formação:

• Em exercício
• Agricultor para agricultor
• Áreas de demonstração
• Reuniões públicas
• Cursos

Assuntos abordados:

Training focused on how to plant trees and how to manage them, how to set up the fences, how to use the fences,

4.2 Serviço de consultoria

Os usuários de terra têm acesso a um serviço de consultoria?

Sim

Especifique se foi oferecido serviço de consultoria:

• nas áreas dos usuários da terra

Descreva/comentários:

Name of method used for advisory service: Prof.Dr.Yoshitaka Kakubari;
Key elements: consultation on fencing concepts and choice for preventing from overgrazing, capacity building in strategy design, draft development plan for fence managements; 4. Land use management design considering soil depth, inclination and exposure. 5. Consultation on irrigation design, piping and making water channels 6. Consulting dry farming for good trapping of surface runoff and terrace planting method. 7. Treatment of tree saplings and transportation to the field. 8. Treatment of tree sapling on nursery, light and water regulation. 9. Grand treatment and cleaning, transportation of fertilization 10. Consultation on Planting, and judgment of leaf

Advisory service is totally inadequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; The extension system is inadequate to ensure continuation of activities. The government branches need more development and organization to become able to manage land conservation activities; an independent advisory service is not in place, the only potential still exists within the DWHH Project

4.3 Fortalecimento da instituição (desenvolvimento organizacional)

As instituições foram fortalecidas ou estabelecidas através da abordagem?

• Sim, pouco

Especifique a que nível (níveis) as instituições foram fortalecidas ou estabelecidas:

• Local

• advising to make a land use managements

4.4 Monitoramento e avaliação

Monitoramento e avaliação são partes da abordagem?

Sim

Comentários:

bio-physical aspects were regular monitored by other through observations; indicators: Frequent visits and observations by the project team - tree planting, growing situation, regeneratio

bio-physical aspects were regular monitored by None through measurements; indicators: Ad hoc observations by the project team - labor availability, etc.

technical aspects were ad hoc monitored by None through observations; indicators: Regular measurements by the project team- fodder produced cent/ha, vegetables

socio-cultural aspects were regular monitored by None through observations; indicators: Ad hoc observations by land users and frequent visits by the project team

economic / production aspects were ad hoc monitored by None through measurements; indicators: Ad hoc observations by land users and frequent visits by the project team - technology adaptation ba

area treated aspects were None monitored by None through observations; indicators: None

management of Approach aspects were None monitored by None through observations; indicators: None

There were no changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: There were no changes in the approach. However, the trees planted by the local communities after technical advice and demonstration was not appropriately planned, therefore, after the monitoring and evaluation, they were re-planted. Also, the project team realized that it would be better to have plant relatively young trees as they adapt better in the targeted areas.

There were few changes in the Technology as a result of monitoring and evaluation: I'm able to confirm them after and after they can treat tools and planting materials before they have done. It was very roughly to treat root system of planting saplings, therefore material becomes very weak and easy to die.

4.5 Pesquisa

A pesquisa foi parte da abordagem?

Sim

Especifique os tópicos:

• Ecologia

Dê mais detalhes e indique quem realizou a pesquisa:

It focuses on observation of the trees and other plants in the fenced areas, especially regeneration of originally seeded plants. Tree growth rates and damages of grazing are recorded inside and outside of fencing area.　For getting evidence by electric fences, we will try a small experiment. We shall confirm that electric fence protects plants from grazing of domestic animals.

Research was carried out both on station and on-farm

5.1 Orçamento anual para o componente de GST da abordagem

Caso o orçamento exato seja desconhecido, indique a faixa:

• 10.000-100.000

Comentários (p. ex. principais fontes de recursos/principais doadores):

Approach costs were met by the following donors: international (Japanese Society Promotion of Sciences (JSPS) and JICA): 100.0%

5.2 Apoio financeiro/material concedido aos usuários da terra

Os usuários da terra receberam apoio financeiro/material para a implementação de tecnologia/tecnologias?

Não

5.3 Subsídios para entradas específicas (incluindo mão-de-obra)

• Equipamento

• Agrícola

• Construção

• Infraestrutura

• Outro

Se a mão-de-obra pelos usuários da terra foi uma entrada substancial, isso foi:

• Pago em dinheiro

Comentários:

It is important to pay to land users and regional villagers.

Also labour is paid in food-for-work

5.4 Crédito

Foi concedido crédito segundo a abordagem para atividades de GST?

Não

6.1 Impactos da abordagem

6.2 Principal motivação dos usuários da terra para implementar a GST

6.3 Atividades de sustentabilidade de abordagem

Os usuários da terra podem manter o que foi implementado através da abordagem (sem apoio externo)?

• Sim

Caso afirmativo, descreva como:

Finally it will be getting the sustainable land management condition in future without any support.

7.1 Métodos/fontes de informação

7.2 Referências às publicações disponíveis

Título, autor, ano, ISBN:

JSPS Home Page 'Reforestation and forestation in aim of reduction of generation of greenhouse gases and lessening of global warming, Yoshitaka KAKUBARI, 2009

Disponível de onde? Custos?

JSPS, Japan