联合国防治荒漠化公约

Community Forestry [尼泊尔]

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报告主体: Nepal

完整性: 86%

一般信息

一般信息

最佳实践的标题:

Community Forestry

国家:

尼泊尔

报告主体:

Nepal

分类

指定地点的主要土地用途

  • 林地

对荒漠化、土地退化和干旱(DLDD)措施的贡献

  • 防止
  • 缓解
  • 适应
  • 恢复

对战略目标的贡献

  • 改善受影响人口的居住条件
  • 改善受影响生态系统的状况
  • 通过有效执行《公约》产生全球效益

与其他最佳实践主题的联系

  • 能力建设和认知提高
  • 政策、立法和体制框架
  • 参与、协作和联网

规范

第1节 最佳实践的背景:框架条件(自然和人类环境)

最佳实践的简短描述

Community forestry is a best practice because local people are made responsible to protect, manage and utilize their forest resources. Doing so has helped improve forest land and there has been contribution to people’s livelihood. It is proven worldwide that the concept of community forestry is successful.|

地点

Nepal

如果该位置有明确的边界,请以公顷为单位说明其延伸范围。:

1.23 million

居住在该地区的估计人口:

8 million

指定地点内的自然环境简介。

Mountain, Hills and terai|
Sub-tropical to temperate
all soil type

居住在该地点及/或附近居民的普遍社会经济状况

agriculture, wage labour etc.|
Mostly rural people are ingaged. 38% economically poor and socially disadvantaged people.
Product rights to community and land rights to the government.

第2节 解决的问题(直接和间接原因)和最佳实践的目标

最佳实践解决的主要问题

1. Reversing deforestation and degradation
2. Increased forest density
3. Increased forest area and increased bio-diversity

概述最佳实践解决的具体土地退化问题

• Reversing forest degradation by controlling over grazing, forest fire, soil erosion, encroachment and illegal felling of trees.

具体说明最佳实践的目标

1. Meet the demand of local people on forest products
2. Sustainable management of forests.
3. Empowerment of poor and marginalized local people.

第3节 活动

按目标对主要活动进行简要的描述

Objective 1.
1. Group formation
2. Training and coaching
3.  Regular supply of forest products through forest management activities
Objective 2
1. Forest inventory
2. Forest survey
3. Forest management plan and its implementation

本技术的简要说明和技术规范

The community residing nearby forests form groups called Community Forest Users groups and legally registered to the District Forest Offices. The nearby Forests are handed over to them with Forest Operational Plan giving total forest management rights based on the plans
Technical specification of the technology: Community based forest resource management
Technical specification of the technology: Community based forest resource management

第4节 涉及的机构/参与者(协作、参与、利益相关者的作用)

这项技术是合作开发的吗?

列出合作伙伴:

1. With the support of various donors.
2.Community Forest User Groups

具体说明该技术推广的框架

  • 国家倡议——政府主导

当地利益相关者(包括CSO)的参与是否促进了技术的开发?

列出涉及的当地利益相关者:

CSO- Provide institutional and technical support

对于上面列出的利益相关者,说明他们在该技术的设计、引入、使用和维护(如果有的话)中的角色。

Provide institutional and technical support

居住在该地区和/或附近的居民是否参与了该技术的开发?

分析

第5节 对影响的贡献

描述现场影响(按类别划分的两类主要影响)

1.Encroachment of forest land along the forest boundary with private agriculture land has tremendously reduced.
2 .Number of complaints and forest offences in government controlled forests is reduced.
1. Enrollment of girl children in schools have increased
2. Soil nutrition and moisture in agricultural land during dry season have also increased.
1. Number of water springs and the volume of ground water discharge have increased.
2.Incidences of landslides have reduced.
Production or productivity
1. Increased biomass in community forests resulting an increased off take of litter and organic manure
2. Availability of more grass and fodder

描述两个主要的场外影响(即不是发生在现场,而是发生在周围区域)

1 Reverse Forest Degradation and Deforestation
2. Meet the local demand of forest products and improved livelihood

对生物多样性和气候变化的影响

解释原因:

:  More than 1.5 % forest density increased in CF area which is the sink of carbon, the avoided Deforestation and Forest Degradation also  reduces carbon emissions.|
• Helped increase biomass
• Helped increase forest density
• Helped increase forest cover and vegetation both in private land and forest land
• Increase in agro-forestry area
• Plantations of new grass varieties
• Watershed conserved
• Soil conservation measures carried out

是否进行了成本效益分析?

是否进行了成本效益分析?:

具体说明:

70% of the cost is borne by local communities for goods and environmental services and for generating income in group’s fund and household income.

第6节 采用和可复制性

该技术是否传播/引进到其他地方?

该技术是否传播/引进到其他地方?:

传播/引进到哪里?:

: throughout the country and globally

是否提供了促进采用该技术的奖励措施?

是否提供了促进采用该技术的奖励措施?:

具体说明激励的类型:
  • 政策或监管激励(例如,与市场需求和法规、进出口、国外投资、研发支持等相关)
  • 财务激励(例如优惠利率、国家援助、补贴、现金补助、贷款担保等)

您能否确定目前最佳实践/技术成功的三个主要条件?

1. Enabling policy and legislative framework
2. Devolution of power to local communities
3. Strong and vibrant community groups and civil society organisations
Linked with,
• Replicable elsewhere with some level of adaptation

可复制性

在您看来,您所提出的最佳实践/技术可以复制到其他地方,尽管有一定程度的适应?:

适应程度如何?:
  • 地方
  • 次国家
  • 国家
  • 区域
  • 国际

第7节 吸取的教训

人力资源相关

1. Capacity building of human resources in government, non-government and private sector should be enhanced.
2. Social inclusion and gender equality to be emphasized
3. Local level human resources are necessary condition for sustainability

与财务方面有关

1. Long term ( at least 10 to 20 years) support for capacity building.
2. Attempts should be made to generate financial resources locally
3. Investment on value addition and business essential for financial sustainability.

与技术方面有关

1. Recognize local knowledge and technology
2. Start with simple technology easily understandable for local communities
3. Emphasize local species, indigenous varieties and try to make interface between local and formal knowledge.

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