1.2 Contact details of resource persons and institutions involved in the assessment and documentation of the Technology

Name of the institution(s) which facilitated the documentation/ evaluation of the Technology (if relevant)

Tajik Soil Insitute (Tajik Soil Institute) - Tajikistan

Name of the institution(s) which facilitated the documentation/ evaluation of the Technology (if relevant)

Tajik Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Tajik Academy of Agricultural Sciences) - Tajikistan

1.3 Conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT

When were the data compiled (in the field)?

03/05/2011

The compiler and key resource person(s) accept the conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT:

Yes

2.1 Short description of the Technology

Definition of the Technology:

Conversion of a stony plot of land into an apricot orchard and use for production of fodder.

2.2 Detailed description of the Technology

Description:

Before the technology was applied, this stony slope was used as a low-productive pasture. First of all, the area was cleaned of stones. The removed stones were used for construction of a fence around the plot. An irrigation canal was built along the upper border of the plot. An irrigation trench awas dug across the slope. No planting of this stony surface was carried out. Apricot trees were planted along the drainage ditches. Perennial herbaceous fodder plants such as alfa-alfa and esparzet were intercropped in the apricot orchard. Collected stones were used to fence the land area and so to protect the territory from animals.

Purpose of the Technology: The purpose of the technology is to increase productivity of these stony slopes with the use of irrigation, and intercropping with perennial herbaceous fodder plants in the apricot orchard.

Establishment / maintenance activities and inputs: Removing stones from the plot, construction of a fence, construction of an irrigation canal, construction of drainage ditches across the plot, planting trees, ploughing the intercropped area, and planting perennial fodder plants.

Natural / human environment: The plot is located in an arid zone, and 60% of the surface is covered with stones. Vegetation cover mostly consists of ephemers which have a short growing period. The land is used as summer, low productive pastures.

2.3 Photos of the Technology

2.5 Country/ region/ locations where the Technology has been applied and which are covered by this assessment

2.6 Date of implementation

If precise year is not known, indicate approximate date:

• 10-50 years ago

2.7 Introduction of the Technology

Specify how the Technology was introduced:

• during experiments/ research

Comments (type of project, etc.):

Землепользователи принимали участие лишь в технической реализации технологии.

3.1 Main purpose(s) of the Technology

• improve production

3.2 Current land use type(s) where the Technology is applied

Comments:

Future (final) land use (after implementation of SLM Technology): Mixed: Mf: Agroforestry

If land use has changed due to the implementation of the Technology, indicate land use before implementation of the Technology:

Grazing land: Ge: Extensive grazing land

3.3 Further information about land use

Water supply for the land on which the Technology is applied:

• full irrigation

Comments:

Water supply: полностью орошаемое, полностью орошаемое

Number of growing seasons per year:

• 1

Livestock density (if relevant):

1-10 LU /km2

3.4 SLM group to which the Technology belongs

• agroforestry
• improved ground/ vegetation cover

3.5 Spread of the Technology

Specify the spread of the Technology:

• evenly spread over an area

If the Technology is evenly spread over an area, indicate approximate area covered:

• 0.1-1 km2

Comments:

Total area covered by the SLM Technology is 0.2 m2.

3.6 SLM measures comprising the Technology

Comments:

Main measures: vegetative measures

Secondary measures: structural measures, management measures

Type of agronomic measures: mixed cropping / intercropping, legume inter-planting, minimum tillage

Type of vegetative measures: aligned: -contour

3.7 Main types of land degradation addressed by the Technology

Comments:

Main type of degradation addressed: Wt: loss of topsoil / surface erosion

Secondary types of degradation addressed: Bc: reduction of vegetation cover

Main causes of degradation: overgrazing, droughts, population pressure

3.8 Prevention, reduction, or restoration of land degradation

Specify the goal of the Technology with regard to land degradation:

• reduce land degradation

Comments:

Main goals: mitigation / reduction of land degradation

4.1 Technical drawing of the Technology

4.2 Technical specifications/ explanations of technical drawing

Location of apricot orchard on the slope

Location: Jovid Jamoat. GBAO, Vanj

Date: 2010,06,16

Technical knowledge required for field staff / advisors: moderate

Technical knowledge required for land users: moderate

Main technical functions: improvement of ground cover

Secondary technical functions: improvement of topsoil structure (compaction), increase in organic matter

Aligned: -contour
Vegetative material: F : fruit trees / shrubs, C : perennial crops

Wall/ barrier
Vertical interval between structures (m): 1
Spacing between structures (m): 3000
Width of ditches/pits/dams (m): 0.5
Length of ditches/pits/dams (m): 3000

Change of land use type

4.3 General information regarding the calculation of inputs and costs

other/ national currency (specify):

Somoni

Indicate exchange rate from USD to local currency (if relevant): 1 USD =:

4.5

4.4 Establishment activities

	Activity	Type of measure	Timing
1.	Construction of fence	Structural	1 year
2.	Construction of irrigation canal	Structural	1 year
3.	Purchase of seedlings	Structural	15 days
4.	Planting seedlings	Structural	2 months
5.	Removing stones from an area of 20 ha	Structural

4.5 Costs and inputs needed for establishment

	Specify input	Unit	Quantity	Costs per Unit	Total costs per input	% of costs borne by land users
Labour	Construction of fence	meter	3000.0	15.0	45000.0	30.0
Labour	Construction of irrigation canal	meter	1300.0	23.07692	30000.0	10.0
Labour	Planting seedlings	Pieces	6400.0	1.0	6400.0	100.0
Labour	Removing stones	ha	20.0	2625.0	52500.0	30.0
Plant material	Seedlings	Pieces	6400.0	5.0	32000.0
Total costs for establishment of the Technology					165900.0

5.1 Climate

5.2 Topography

5.3 Soils

If available, attach full soil description or specify the available information, e.g. soil type, soil PH/ acidity, Cation Exchange Capacity, nitrogen, salinity etc.

Soil fertility is low

Soil drainage / infiltration is good

Soil water storage capacity is medium

5.4 Water availability and quality

5.5 Biodiversity

5.6 Characteristics of land users applying the Technology

Indicate other relevant characteristics of the land users:

Land users applying the Technology are mainly disadvantaged land users

Population density: 10-50 persons/km2

Annual population growth: 2% - 3%

5.7 Average area of land owned or leased by land users applying the Technology

5.8 Land ownership, land use rights, and water use rights

Land ownership:

• state

Land use rights:

• leased

Comments:

The land belongs to the state and the land users rented this plot.

5.9 Access to services and infrastructure

6.1 On-site impacts the Technology has shown

Socio-economic impacts

Production

Water availability and quality

Income and costs

Socio-cultural impacts

Ecological impacts

Water cycle/ runoff

Soil

Biodiversity: vegetation, animals

Other ecological impacts

6.3 Exposure and sensitivity of the Technology to gradual climate change and climate-related extremes/ disasters (as perceived by land users)

Gradual climate change

Gradual climate change

	Season	Type of climatic change/ extreme	How does the Technology cope with it?
annual temperature		increase	well

Climate-related extremes (disasters)

Meteorological disasters

	How does the Technology cope with it?
local rainstorm	not well

Climatological disasters

	How does the Technology cope with it?
drought	well

Other climate-related consequences

Other climate-related consequences

	How does the Technology cope with it?
reduced growing period	well

6.4 Cost-benefit analysis

How do the benefits compare with the establishment costs (from land users’ perspective)?

How do the benefits compare with the maintenance/ recurrent costs (from land users' perspective)?

6.5 Adoption of the Technology

• 10-50%

If available, quantify (no. of households and/ or area covered):

30 household

Of all those who have adopted the Technology, how many have did so spontaneously, i.e. without receiving any material incentives/ payments?

• 0-10%

Comments:

40% of land user families have adopted the Technology with external material support

30 land user families have adopted the Technology with external material support

There is a little trend towards spontaneous adoption of the Technology

Comments on adoption trend: At the moment this technology is not being widely adopted due to lack of finances of other land users in the region.

6.7 Strengths/ advantages/ opportunities of the Technology

Strengths/ advantages/ opportunities in the land user’s view
It does not require any special engineering facilities How can they be sustained / enhanced? During the implementation of the technology
The local material was used for fencing How can they be sustained / enhanced? During the implementation of the technology

Strengths/ advantages/ opportunities in the compiler’s or other key resource person’s view
No engineering structures are needed How can they be sustained / enhanced? In the course of the use of technology
No additional materials and equipment are used How can they be sustained / enhanced? In the course of the use of technology
Local material is used for fencing How can they be sustained / enhanced? In the course of the use of technology

6.8 Weaknesses/ disadvantages/ risks of the Technology and ways of overcoming them

Weaknesses/ disadvantages/ risks in the compiler’s or other key resource person’s view	How can they be overcome?
Technology's effectiveness depends on availability of irrigation water	Implement water-saving technology