1.2 Coordonnées des personnes-ressources et des institutions impliquées dans l'évaluation et la documentation de l'Approche

Nom du ou des institutions qui ont facilité la documentation/ l'évaluation de l'Approche (si pertinent)

Orissa Government - Inde

1.3 Conditions relatives à l'utilisation par WOCAT des données documentées

Le compilateur et la(les) personne(s) ressource(s) acceptent les conditions relatives à l'utilisation par WOCAT des données documentées:

Oui

1.4 Références au(x) questionnaire(s) sur les Technologies de GDT

2.1 Courte description de l'Approche

Participatory approach for holistic and intigrated development of the defined area on watershed basis involving all level of stake holders.

2.2 Description détaillée de l'Approche

Description détaillée de l'Approche:

Aims / objectives: Long term - Establish suitable and locally acceptable land use system which are sustainable and ecologically sound.The land use system should enable the poor rural community to improve their living condition and tsupply of food, fuel and fodder and other essentials, without exposing the natural resources to harmful stress. Intermediate Objective- Preserve the resource base by introducing improvemnets which are feasible, effective and attractive to the target groups in the area by combining elements of soil conservation, crop production, horticulture, animal husbandary and tree planting in such a way that sustaibale use is made of every niche of land within the watershed.

Methods: (1) Mobilization of community by NGO/ GO people through meetings. (2) Demonstration at the field level. (3) Organizing farmers field day. (4) Exposure visit to the watershed area. (5) Training. (6) Land development activities,

Stages of implementation: (1) Socio economic survey. (2) Participatory Rural Apprisal (PRA). (3) Preparation of participatory annual action plan with the community and village and watershed committee. (4) Consolidation of annual action plan by project management unit and circulation for comments to WDCU, DSC(O). (5) Approval of annual action plan by the state level project empowered committee and sanction of funds. (6) Implementation through community and mobilisation for labour contribution by the community (if such component are there). (7) Training at the field level. (8) Organizing monitoring by the community/ Specialist.

Role of stakeholders: NGO (Field Organizers)- Organizing village meeting and mobilization of community towards different activities and labour contribution organising PRA, meeting, group discussion, survey, formation of committee, preparation of AAP. Villagers:- Attendance of meeting, selection of beneficiaries from the target group and sites for different activities. Monitoring and implementation (Physical) of the activity. Youth facilitator:- The village youth facilitators played a key role through out the process of planning, implementation and monitoring and to solve the problems in case arises at any stage of the work. The village yourth facilitator acted as the link person between the community and the project. SWC (From Project management Unit) - Supervision, training to the SWC specialist, communicate new technology to the community. Beneficiaries:- Implementation, contribution of labour selection of his own land for SWC technology, monitoring, receive training, training before/during/afteer care.

Other important information: Government and NGO collaborately played a vital role to bring all level of stak holders to a common forum of participation.

2.3 Photos de l'approche

2.5 Pays/ région/ lieux où l'Approche a été appliquée

2.6 Dates de début et de fin de l'Approche

2.7 Type d'Approche

• fondé sur un projet/ programme

2.8 Principaux objectifs de l'Approche

The Approach focused mainly on SLM with other activities (Live stock development, SHG formation, management group, development of local committee, income generating, identification of 10 poorest and support for upliftment, training, women empowerment)

Long term - Establish suitable and locally acceptable land use system which are sustainable and ecologically sound. The land use system should enable the poor rural community to improve their living condition and tsupply of food, fuel and fodder and other essentials, without exposing the natural resources to harmful stress. Intermediate Objective- Preserve the resource base by introducing improvemnets which are feasible, effective and attractive to the target groups in the area by combining elements of soil conservation, crop production, horticulture, animal husbandary and tree planting in such a way that sustaibale use is made of every niche of land within the watershed. -Ease the pressure on non arable lands by increasing the productivity of land which is suitable for more intensive use which is suitable for more intesive use without risk of loss in soil fertility. -Provide marginal farmers and landless people with assests which yield essentials or generate income possibilities. Immediate: Relevant authorities will identify, plan for implement and monitor proper conservation measures and land use system acceptable and in cooperation with the people in the project area of Koraput and Malkangiri districts. Thereby increase production of agricultural and other rural products and improve gainful, empowerment opportunity for men and women among landless , small and marginal farmers.

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: (1) Both the project districts like Koraput & Malkangiri are among the most poor, backward with 90% of the house hold are below the official poverty line. Literacy rate is just above 10%. (2) The dry land farming is predeminant activity. (3) The soil in the districts suffer from severe land degradation and erosion problems needing protectin and preservation measures.

2.9 Conditions favorisant ou entravant la mise en œuvre de la(des) Technologie(s) appliquée(s) sous l'Approche

3.1 Parties prenantes impliquées dans l'Approche et rôles

3.2 Participation des exploitants locaux des terres/ communautés locales aux différentes phases de l'Approche

	Participation des exploitants locaux des terres/ communautés locales	Spécifiez qui était impliqué et décrivez les activités
initiation/ motivation	soutien extérieur	public meetings; General village level meeting organized village committee members selected. Youth facilitator selected. Due to presence of NGO all villagers were mobilized to join in the mainstream of the project.
planification	interactive	All community were associated in planning meeting and PRA . Addl land survey made in association with land users. Need assessment made for each house hold in association with the villagers. Approval of action plan in watershed and village committee.
mise en œuvre	soutien extérieur
suivi/ évaluation	interactive	At different level of meeting the land users views collected. The watershed committee (consisting of members from all villages) was the main body for monitoring and evaluation of the activities.
Research	interactive	on-station; Only for limited activities some soil testing made in the soil research station of the district.

3.3 Diagramme/ organigramme (si disponible)

3.4 Prises de décision pour la sélection de la Technologie/ des Technologies

Indiquez qui a décidé de la sélection de la Technologie/ des Technologies à mettre en œuvre:

• principalement les exploitants des terres soutenus par des spécialistes de la GDT

Expliquez:

Many technologies has been takn up from the guide line of NWDPRA. But some are also innovative one emerged from the project level. However whenever any technology decided to be implemented, the land users view aloways respected for sustainable of the activity and transferred appropriate technology.

Decisions on the method of implementing the SLM Technology were made by mainly by land users supported by SLM specialists. Relating to the method of implementation fo the activity, the suggestion of the land users played a vital role.

4.1 Renforcement des capacités/ formation

Une formation a-t-elle été dispensée aux exploitants des terres/ autres parties prenantes?

Oui

Spécifiez qui a été formé:

• exploitants des terres

• SWC specialists, extensionists/trainers, Local Invitor

Formats de la formation:

• sur le tas
• entre agriculteurs (d'exploitants à exploitants)
• zones de démonstration
• réunions publiques
• cours

Formats de la formation:

• Courses and class room training

Thèmes abordés:

Method of implementation, merits, demerits of the technology, maintenance, socio-economic dimension, exposure visit, management committee formation for sustainability of the technolotgy.

4.2 Service de conseils

Les exploitants des terres ont-ils accès à un service de conseils?

Oui

Spécifiez si le service de conseils est fourni:

• dans des centres permanents

Décrivez/ commentez:

Name of method used for advisory service: Training and exposure visit, demonstration, meeting.; Key elements: Meeting and group discussion., Individual beneficiary interaction., Filed visit and watershed level exihibition.; 1) Advisory service was carried out through: projects own extension structure and agents; Extension staff: mainly government employees 3) Target groups for extension: land users; Activities: Demonstration, exposure visit, training, meeting, group discussion

Advisory service is inadequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; In knowledge it is adequate, but the approach is plicy based. So the continuation can not be guaranted fully.

4.3 Renforcement des institutions (développement organisationnel)

Des institutions ont elles été mises en place ou renforcées par le biais de l'Approche?

• oui, modérément

Spécifiez à quel(s) niveau(x), ces institutions ont été renforcées ou mises en place:

• local

Précisez le type de soutien:

• renforcement des capacités/ formation

4.4 Suivi et évaluation

Le suivi et l'évaluation font ils partie de l'Approche? :

Oui

Commentaires:

bio-physical aspects were regular monitored through observationse

technical aspects were regular monitored through measurements

socio-cultural aspects were regular monitored through observations

economic / production aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations

area treated aspects were regular monitored through measurements

no. of land users involved aspects were regular monitored through measurements

management of Approach aspects were regular monitored through measurements

There were several changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: (1) Many new activities introduced. (2) More funds diverted to the poverty oriented activities (3) Like income generating activities changes in last norm of NGO operational expenditure to give more priority on community participation. (4) 10 poorest identified were appreciated and suggested for concetration of their socio economic upliftment.

4.5 Recherche

La recherche a-t-elle fait partie intégrante de l’Approche?

Oui

5.1 Budget annuel de la composante GDT de l'Approche

Si le budget annuel précis n'est pas connu, indiquez une fourchette:

• < 2 000

Commentez (par ex. principales sources de financement/ principaux bailleurs de fonds):

Approach costs were met by the following donors: government (national - Salary and other expences of staff): 18.0%; international (DANIDA 13.25): 75.0%; local community / land user(s) (-): 7.0%

5.2 Soutiens financiers/ matériels fournis aux exploitants des terres

Les exploitants des terres ont-ils reçu un soutien financier/ matériel pour la mise en œuvre de la Technologie/ des Technologies?

Oui

5.3 Subventions pour des intrants spécifiques (incluant la main d'œuvre)

• équipement

• intrants agricoles

• infrastructures

Si la main d'œuvre fournie par les exploitants des terres était un intrant substantiel, elle était:

• payée en espèces

Commentaires:

Govt. wages for their labour work.

5.4 Crédits

Des crédits ont-ils été alloués à travers l'Approche pour les activités de GDT?

Non

6.1 Impacts de l'Approche

6.3 Durabilité des activités de l'Approche

Les exploitants des terres peuvent-ils poursuivre ce qui a été mis en œuvre par le biais de l'Approche (sans soutien extérieur)?

• oui

Si oui, décrivez de quelle manière:

The land users can continue the approach due to following reasons. - Low cost. - Skill transferred to the community - Management committee has been frame. - The farmers have realised the benefit in their own land and demonstration plot. - Registered VDA has established in all the villages for management and financial support to poor land users.

6.4 Points forts/ avantages de l'Approche

Points forts/ avantages/ possibilités du point de vue de l'exploitant des terres
Community level institutions like VDA, SHGs has been formed.
Technology with the skill of implementation has been transferred . Technology with the skill of implementation has been transferred to the community.
Two well trained village ficilitators are existing in all the villages who are well on all aspects of the projecttrained.

Points forts/ avantages/ possibilités du point de vue du compilateur ou d'une autre personne ressource clé
NGO cooperation (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: The Govt. should take it as a policy.)
Registered VDA existed in all the village (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: They should be honour/ recognse and get priority at all official lelvel)
SHG (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: All SHG must be tagged with banks and after institutions which has done by the project to a great extent.)
Village Facilitator (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: District administration may utilise their services.)

7.1 Méthodes/ sources d'information

7.2 Références des publications disponibles

Titre, auteur, année, ISBN:

Plan of Operation (First, Second)

Disponible à partir d'où? Coût?

Director, Soil Conservation, Orissa

Titre, auteur, année, ISBN:

Guide line for NWDPRA

Disponible à partir d'où? Coût?

Agriculture Depaprtment, Govt. of India