Technologies

Soil bund & Fanya Juu combined & vegetated [Ethiopie]

Création : 2 juin 2011 14:35
Mise à jour : 10 sept. 2019 10:35
Compilateur : Daniel Danano
Rédacteur : –
Examinateurs : Fabian Ottiger, Alexandra Gavilano

technologies_1078 - Ethiopie

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État complet : 71%

1. Informations générales

2. Description de la Technologie de GDT

2.1 Courte description de la Technologie

Définition de la Technologie:

Soil bund and Fanya Juu constructed along the contour lines in microwatershed to conserve soil moisture and control erosion.

2.2 Description détaillée de la Technologie

Description:

Soil bund and Fanya Juu constructed in combination in a microwatershed for retaining maximum possible rain water in the soil by obstructing runoff water. Soil bunds are suitable for steeper slopes compared to fanya juu terraces which are more effective in gentle and flatter slopes.Land users in the SWC area prefer to combine the two physical structures for many reasons.One important factor is the cost of establishment, which is a function of labour needed for the construction. Fanya juu which means throwing soil upslope in Kiswahili intails throwing soil upslope which is more labours than throwing soil to downslope in the case of soil bunds. The other reason is that cultivated lands with fanya juu terraces are not easily accessed by free grazing livestock. The ditches placed in the downslope side of the embankment (fanya juu) is not easily vrossable but in soil bund although not that easy livestock are seen to trample over the embankment and jump the ditch which is placed in the upslope side. The other advantage farmers consider is that Fanya juu is more efficient in controlling runoff because the water that overtops the embankment is trapped by the ditch. Fanya Juu despite its high cost is preferred to be applied in combination with bunds because of the other advantage that it forms bench terrace rapidly.

Purpose of the Technology: The major purpose is to trap as much rain water as possible and also control soil erosion. Cultivated lands with with Soil bund and Fanya Juu have shown remarkable improvement in soil moistureavailability to crops compared to fields with no measures.

Establishment / maintenance activities and inputs: Soil bund and Fanya Juu are established in the same way by digging soil from and embanking it on a contour line. A contour line is laid out by following zero gradient. Once the soil is dug and embanked it is lightly compacted to avoid colapse. To further ensure bund stabilityuseful trees/shrubs are planted.The planted tree/shrub species are those offering multiuses such as fodder, fertility improving and fuelwood. Maintenance: It is done by repairing breaks and managing planted trees on the structure or by upgrading the structure by increasing its height and plant improved tree and fruit tree species.

Natural / human environment: The technology is suitable to semiarid climatic condition which have erratic rains and where crop production is limited by soil moisture stress. Soils in the technology area are susceptable to erosion and therefore the structure should be stablized by planting trees or grass species.

2.5 Pays/ région/ lieux où la Technologie a été appliquée et qui sont couverts par cette évaluation

Pays:

Ethiopie

Région/ Etat/ Province:

Oromia

Autres spécifications du lieu:

Oromia

Commentaires:

Total area covered by the SLM Technology is 15 km2.

Soil and water conservation activities started in the area about 30 years ago by the extension program of the Ministry of Agriculture. Systematically planned SWC measures, however, came into picture recently as Integrated microwatersheds planning & implementation approach was introduced.

2.6 Date de mise en œuvre de la Technologie

Si l'année précise est inconnue, indiquez la date approximative: :

il y a moins de 10 ans (récemment)

2.7 Introduction de la Technologie

Spécifiez comment la Technologie a été introduite: :

par le biais de projets/ d'interventions extérieures

Commentaires (type de projet, etc.) :

Fanya juu is first practiced in Kenya and soil bunds are also exotic but experienced widely in Ethiopia over the past 30 years.

3. Classification de la Technologie de GDT

3.1 Principal(aux) objectif(s) de la Technologie

réduire, prévenir, restaurer les terres dégradées
préserver l'écosystème

3.2 Type(s) actuel(s) d'utilisation des terres, là où la Technologie est appliquée

Terres cultivées

Cultures annuelles
Cultures pérennes (non ligneuses)
Plantations d’arbres ou de buissons

Cultures annuelles - Précisez les cultures:

céréales - maïs
céréales - autres
céréales - sorgho
légumineuses et légumes secs - fèves
cultures oléagineuses - tournesol, colza, autres

teff, wheat

local, elephant grass

casea seame, leucanea, sesbania

Précisez:

Longest growing period in days: 210 Longest growing period from month to month: Apr - Nov

Est-ce que les cultures intercalaires sont pratiquées?

Oui

Si oui, précisez quelles cultures sont produites en culture intercalaire:

sorghum-teff-beans

Pâturages

Forêts/ bois