ការព័ណ៌នាសង្ខេបចំពោះការអនុវត្តន៍ដែលល្អៗ

Under unified organization of local government, farmers and herdsman set grid or row barriers made up of wheat straw or maize stalks in movable sandlot in spring or autumn. Upon completion of the barrier, shrub trees and grass are planted in the grid for re-vegetation. Entry of outsiders and livestock to the project site are banned. The enclosure may be relieved in June to October to allow pasturing according to vegetation restoration condition. Three years after barrier constructed, the planted materials may perish into manure and vegetation is formed and plays a good sand fixation effect.
Central government and local government provide financial subsidies for the activities; farmers participate in the projects process and are subsidized for labor input in establishing, maintenance and management of the land.

ទីតាំង

Naiman Banner, Inner Mongolia|

ប្រសិនបើទីតាំងត្រូវបានកំណត់ព្រំប្រទល់ច្បាស់លាស់ សូមបញ្ជាក់ពីទំហំខ្នាតជាហិកតា:

81200.0

សូមកំណត់ពីចំនួនប្រជាជនដែលរស់នៅក្នុងតំបន់នោះ:

376000.0

ការព័ណ៌នាសង្ខេបនៃបរិស្ថានធម្មជាតិនៅក្នុងតំបន់ជាក់លាក់

soil suffers severe desertification,
Soil fertility: very low
Soil texture: coarse sandy
Surface stoniness:  low
Topsoil organic matter: low (<1%)
Soil drainage: good
Soil erodibility: high
Soil depth: 0-20cm
Gentle hill, Sand dune
Hill slopes to foot slopes with slope degree from 2-5|
Annual mean temperature: 6.4 degree centigrade,
Annual mean precipitation: 362mm
Growing season: 150 days in succession, from April to September|

លក្ខណ្ឌសេដ្ឋកិច្ចសង្គមនៃការរស់នៅក្នុងតំបន់ និង ក្បែរតំបន់

annual average rural income 3492 CNY per capita in 2007
cropping, grazing and off-farm income|
Land ownership:State or collective, Land tenure: state or collective|

តើផ្អែកលើមូលដ្ឋាននៃលក្ខណៈវិនិច្ឆ័យ និង/ឬ (ការចង្អុរបង្ហាញ)(ដែលមិនទាក់ទឹងទៅនឹងយុទ្ធសាស្ត្រ) ការអនុវត្តដែលលើកឡើង និងទាក់ទងទៅនឹងបច្ចេកទេសត្រូវបានពិចារណាថា ''ល្អ"?

Ecological effectiveness: Quick and effective in fixation of the big shifting sand dunes.
Partnership building for ecological improvement: Governmental input from both central and local shares financial resources burden of local in ecological improvement, divided ecological improvement responsibilities to all possible benificeries both local and large public beyond.  
low cost of farmer, free labour input and adequete barrier material such as wheat straw, maize stalk.

កំណត់បញ្ហាចំបងៗដែលបានដោះស្រាយតាមរយៈការអនុវត្តដែលល្អ

- Serious land sandification and pasture degradation on-going;
- Sand dune encroachment to farmland, pasture, traffics and houses and emergence of ecological refugees
-farmers’ technical knowledge of installing sand barrier is insufficient;
- inadequate financial support for ecological impovement;

ចំណុចសំខាន់ៗជាក់លាក់នៃបញ្ហាការធ្លាក់ចុះគុណភាពដីដែលត្រូវបានដោះស្រាយតាមរយៈការអនុត្តន៍ដែលល្អ

Drifting sand dune development, sandy desertification, wind erosion of grazing and cropping, |

សូមបញ្ជាក់ទិសដៅនៃការអនុវត្តន៍ដែលល្អ

- restrain dune movement and improve ecological quality;
- form steady project financing source;
- raise awareness of communities in the field of ecological protection;
- Raise the capability of community in sand control and prevention

ការព័ណ៌នាសង្ខេបនៃសកម្មភាពសំខាន់ៗ ទៅតាមទិសដៅរបស់វា

1)Meeting with farmers to locate proje餐厅 site and mobilize local participation;
2)Project design and training farmers by forestry bureau
3)Building barriers  
4) Maintenance and protection
5) Research by the work station of forestry on the effectiveness of the barriers to improve the technique
- Raise the capability of community in sand control and prevention
Training and field technical guidance
-form steady project financing source;
Setting cost sharing system: 73% from Banner government, 20% from central government input through Three-North Shelterbelt Programme (Phase IV)to cover cost of seedlings, straws, transportation and maintenance, 7% provided by land users in kind of labour. |
- raise awareness of communities in the field of ecological protection;
Farmers meeting organized by the township government Training for local farmers by forest bureau

ការព័ណ៌នាសង្ខេប និងភាពជាក់លាក់នៃបច្ចេកទេស

The technical steps encompass: 1) set grid or row barriers made up of wheat straw or maize stalks in movable sandlot in spring or autumn.  Linear barrier should be configured perpendicular to the wind direction in the sandlots where reciprocating wind or singular direction wind is prevailing; 2) upon completion of the barrier, plant trees and grass in the grid: yellow willow (Salix gordeivii) 0.3m×1.5m in spacing.  The cuttings should be prepared be-fore March and stored in sand, and planted immediately after being prepared in au-tumn.  The size of cuttings is at 40cm in length. Remove dry sand and dig a hole in a depth levelling with the surface, then cuttings are planted; and 3) due protection shall be conducted after barrier is set and trees are planted to ban the entry of outsiders and livestock.  Coppicing of the yellow willow is conducted five years later. The project site enclosure may be relieved in June thru October to allow pasturing according to vegetation restoration condition. |
Grid barrier suit large area of movable dunes with uncertain wind directions with  the size in 1.5x1.5m grid and 20cm outcropping above ground. Yellow willow (Salix gordeivii) 0.3m×1.5m in spacing

ឈ្មោះ និងអាសយដ្ឋានរបស់ស្ថាប័នដែលបង្កើតបច្ចេកទេស

The techniques have been widely used for several decades in various forms.
It is invented by the Shapotou Experimental Station of the Chinese Academy of Science.
The case in Naiman banner is compiled by Mr. LI Chunying and Tian Lu, Forestry Department of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
|No 23, Xinjian Dong str. Huhot city, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

តើបច្ចេកទេសត្រូវបានបង្កើតឡើងក្នុងភាពជាដៃគូដែរឬទេ?

បាទ/ចា៎

បញ្ជីរាយនាមឈ្មោះដៃគូ:

Central government key program, local county government, forestry bureau, township government and local farmers|

សូមបញ្ជាក់ពីរបៀបនៃការលើកទឹកចិត្តឳ្យអនុវត្តបច្ចេកទេស

• គំនិតផ្តួចផ្តើមនៅក្នុងតំបន់
• គំនិតផ្តួចផ្តើមថ្នាក់ជាតិ-ដឹកនាំដោយរាជរដ្ឋាភិបាល
• គំនិតផ្តួចផ្តើមដោយកម្មវិធី/គម្រោងជាមូលដ្ឋាន

តើមានការចូលរួមរបស់ភាគីពាក់ព័ន្ធក្នុងតំបន់ រួមទាំង CSOs ជំរុញក្នុងការអភិវឌ្ឍន៍បច្ចេកទេសនេះដែរ ឬទេ?

បាទ/ចា៎

សូមរាយបញ្ជីភាគីពាក់ព័ន្ធដែលជាប់ទាក់ទង:

Forestry Bureau
Local forestry service stattion,
village Committee,
Farmers|

ចំពោះបញ្ជីរាយនាមភាគីពាក់ព័ន្ធ​ខាងលើ សូមបញ្ជាក់ពីតួនាទីរបស់ភាគីទាំងនោះក្នុងការរៀបចំ ការណែនាំ ការប្រើប្រាស់ និងថែទាំបច្ចេកទេស ប្រសិនបើមាន

Forestry Bureau: Planning, designing and formulation operation manual, technical Training for farmers,
Forestry Service Station: Field technical guidance, specific study on effectiveness of the barrier and its improvement
Township government and village committee: mobilizing farmers participation and organizing implementation, consulting farmers for project site selection, barrier establishment and maintenance
Farmers: participation in planning and design of the implementation, labor input, maintenance and follow-up sustainable use of shrubs.

តើប្រជាជនដែលរស់នៅក្នុងតំបន់ និងក្បែរតំបន់ /ឬប្រជាជនក្បែរតំបន់ចូលរួមក្នុងការបង្កើតឬអភិវឌ្ឍន៍បច្ចេកទេសដែរឬទេ?

បាទ/ចា៎

តើតាមមធ្យោបាយអ្វីខ្លះ?

• ការប្រឹក្សាយោបល់
• វិធីសាស្ត្រផ្សព្វផ្សាយដោយមានការចូលរួម

សូមព័ណ៌នាផលប៉ះពាល់ក្នុងបរិវេណអនុវត្ត (ផលប៉ះពាល់ពីរសំខាន់ៗទៅតាមផ្នែក)

Has increased farmers awareness of and participation in local ecological improvement.
Sand dune fixation locks encroachment of drafting sand to grassland and helps restoration of vegetation.
In crease of vegetation provide habitats for wild brids, insects and rodent animals. Biodiversity is improved. |
It has reduced wind erosion and dust particles in air, improved ecological condition.|
Local farmers get payment for saling of straw and maintainance of the project area.
Restored  vegetation coverage has increased bio-carbon stored in shrubs and grass  and made contribution to green house gas emission reduction.
has improved vegetation provides good basis for livestock devlopment.
has improved ecological condition enable a steady farming condition and better living condition of local residents.

សូមព័ណ៌នាផលប៉ះពាល់ខាងក្រៅបរិវេញអនុវត្តចំនួនពីរ (ឧ.មិនមែនកើតនៅក្នុងតំបន់ប៉ុន្តែកើតឡើងនៅតំបន់ជុំវិញតំបន់នោះ)

Fixation of sand reduce physical contribution to dust and sand storm affecting northern China and beyond.
Provide stop stone for migratory birds.

ផលប៉ះពាល់ទៅលើជីវៈចម្រុះ និងការកែប្រែអាកាសធាតុ

សូមពន្យល់ពីហេតុផល:

Increase of the biomess of vegetation increases carbon storage in plants above ground and under the ground.
Reduced wind erosion reduces the soil organic carbon loss in process of land degradation
The restored vegentation provide habitat for wild animals and plants.

តើការវិភាគថ្លៃដើម និងអត្ថប្រយោជន៍ត្រូវបានធ្វើឡើងដែរឬទេ?

តើការវិភាគថ្លៃដើម និងអត្ថប្រយោជន៍ត្រូវបានធ្វើឡើងដែរឬទេ?

បាទ/ចា៎

សូមបញ្ជាក់:

Analysis according to the land users:
It is a quik, effective  and low cost technique to fix sand dune and restore vegetation with central and local goovernmental input.

តើបច្ចេកទេសត្រូវបានផ្សព្វផ្សាយ/ណែនាំទៅទីតាំងផ្សេងៗទៀតដែរឬទេ?

តើបច្ចេកទេសត្រូវបានផ្សព្វផ្សាយ/ណែនាំទៅទីតាំងផ្សេងៗទៀតដែរឬទេ?

បាទ/ចា៎

តើនៅកន្លែងណា?

Ningxia and Inner Mongolian

តើការលើកទឹកចិត្ត ក្នុងការសម្របសម្រួលជួយសម្រួលដល់ការផ្តល់នូវបច្ចេកទេសដែរឬទេ?

តើការលើកទឹកចិត្ត ក្នុងការសម្របសម្រួលជួយសម្រួលដល់ការផ្តល់នូវបច្ចេកទេសដែរឬទេ?

បាទ/ចា៎

សូមបញ្ជាក់ពីប្រភេទនៃការលើកទឹកចិត្ត:

• ការលើកទឹកចិត្តផ្នែកហិរញ្ញវត្ថុ(ឧទាហរណ៍៖ កម្រិតនៃការអនុគ្រោះ ជំនួយពីរដ្ឋ បដិភាគ subsidies មូនិធិជាសាច់ប្រាក់ ការធានាផ្នែកកម្ចី។ល។)
• ការលើកទឹកចិត្តលើពន្ធអាករ(ឧទាហ រណ៍៖ការមិនយកពន្ធ ឬការកាត់បន្ថយលើពន្ធ ករណីកិច្ច ថ្លៃឈ្នួល ។ល។)

តើអ្នកអាចកំណត់លក្ខខណ្ឌសំខាន់ៗចំនួនបីដែលនាំឱ្យទទួលបានជោគជ័យទៅលើការអនុវត្តន៍ល្អ/បច្ចេកទេសដែលបានបង្ហាញដែរឬទេ?

Barrier material is local produced and adequate. Weather is favorable to cuttings of Salix to generating roots.
Financial resources sharing among central,local governments and farmers and clear responsibility allocattion of forestry department and township government. |
Highly motivated local governments, farmers organized into well structured cooperatives|

ការថងចម្លង

ទៅតាមទស្សនៈរបស់អ្នក តើការអនុវត្តន៍ល្អ/បច្ចេកទេសដែលអ្នកបានលើកឡើងអាចជាន់គ្នា បើទោះបីជាមានកម្រិតខ្លះនៃការបន្សុំា​ មាននៅកន្លែងផ្សេងដែរឬទេ?

បាទ/ចា៎

ទាក់ទងទៅនឹងធនធានមនុស្ស

High labour intensity practices limited extention in less populated area. Introduce machanical method could facilitate dessemination.

ទាក់ទងទៅនឹងប្រភពហិរញ្ញវត្ថុ

No direct economic returns of the technology in short term, governmental input is the key for the parctices in place. In long term, revegetated land management could combined with sustainable pruning harvesting shrub twig and its processing.|

ទាក់ទងទៅនឹងបច្ចេកទេស

Quick, easy and high effectivness for sand fixation, combined with cuttings planting is even better.|