Participatory and Evolutionary Plant Breeding of wheat and barley in Iran(PPB) [Иран]
- Шинийг нээх:
- Шинэчлэх:
- Эмхэтгэгч: UNCCD PRAIS
- Хянан тохиолдуулагч: –
- Хянагч: –
Тайлагнах байгууллага: Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Маягтад оруулсан технологи, эсвэл түүний аль нэг хэсэг, оюуны өмчийн аливаа нэг эрхээр хамгаалагдсан эсэхийг тодруулна уу: Тийм
Тайлбар: The technonogy used in the participatory plant breeding (PPB)in Iran developed with the cooporation of ICARDA and is subject to the Standard Material Transfer Agreement of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources and It is carried out within an agreement among ICARDA,AREO and CENESTA.|
Бүлгүүдийг үзэх
Бүгдийг дэлгэх Бүгдийг хаахЕрөнхий мэдээлэл
Ерөнхий мэдээлэл
Шилдэг туршлагын нэршил:
Participatory and Evolutionary Plant Breeding of wheat and barley in Iran(PPB)
Улс:
Иран
Тайлагнах байгууллага:
Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Хөрөнгийн эрх
Маягтад оруулсан технологи, эсвэл түүний аль нэг хэсэг, оюуны өмчийн аливаа нэг эрхээр хамгаалагдсан эсэхийг тодруулна уу:
Тийм
Эрх эзэмшигчийн талаар холбогдох мэдээллийг оруулна уу:
The technonogy used in the participatory plant breeding (PPB)in Iran developed with the cooporation of ICARDA and is subject to the Standard Material Transfer Agreement of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources and It is carried out within an agreement among ICARDA,AREO and CENESTA.|
Ангилал
Тодорхой байршил дахь голлох газар ашиглалтын хэлбэр
- Тариалангийн талбай
Цөлжилт, газрын доройтол, гангийн (DLDD) эсрэг арга хэмжээнд оруулах хувь нэмэр
- Сэргийлэх
- Дасан зохицох
Стратеги зорилтод оруулах хувь нэмэр
- Нөлөөлөлд өртсөн хүн амын амьдрах нөхцлийг сайжруулах
- Нөлөөлөлд өртсөн экосистемийн нөхцлийг сайжруулах
Бусад сайн туршлагуудтай хэрхэн холбогдох вэ
- Чадавхийг бэхжүүлэх, мэдлэг дээшлүүлэх
- ЦГДГ болон ГТМ-ийн моиторинг, үнэлгээ / судалгаа
- Мэдлэгийн менежмент ба шийдвэрийн гаргалт дахь дэмжлэг
- Оролцоо, хамтын ажиллагаа, сүлжээ
Үзүүлэлтүүд
Хэсэг 1. Шилдэг туршлагын агуулга: Нөхцөл байдал (хүн, байгалийн орчин)
Сайн туршлагын товч тодорхойлолт
Such a strategy is based on four components: locally adapted genetic resources (landraces), farmer’s knowledge and participation, integration of plant breeding and crop management (agronomy, soil management, disease and pests management), and respect of farmers' rights. |
Байршил
Iran; provinces of Semnan, Kermanshah and Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari provinces. We are going to start with Fars Province, Qazvin Province, Khorassan Province and eventually Qom Province .
Хэрэв байршил хил хязгаартай бол түүнийг га-гаар илэрхийлнэ үү:
30000.0
Байршилд амьдарч буй хүн амын тооцоо:
200000.0
Заасан байршлын байгаль орчны товч тодорхойлолт.
Climate is mediterranean with cold winters and hot summers.The mean annual precipitation ranges between 150mm-350mm.Most of the precipitation occures during the fall and early spring.It is charecterized by consecutive droughts and occurance of critical climatic conditions.
The location is covered almost by plains which is suitable for irrigated and rainfed agriculture from point of topography. generaly, the lands with less than 15% slopes are suitable for rainfed agriculture.|
Soil is composed of gypsic and calcic minerals which is typical of arid and semi-arid lands.Hot and dry desert soils usually contain rock and gravel, creating coarse soil with good draining. Semiarid deserts have finer soil containing loose rock, gravel sand with low salt and low soil humidity.
Энэ байршилд эсвэл ойролцоо амьдардаг хүмүүсийн нийгэм, эдийн засгийн нөхцөл байдал
The main income sources are agriculture and animal husbandry and local communities are heavily dependent upon low-yield agriculture
Most of the agricultural lands belong to village cooperative but there are some private farmlands as well.
Those living in the location and nearby normally are low-income farmers and villagers with an average income of 2500000 IRR annually
Ямар үзүүлэлт, шалгуур(ууд)-ын үндсэн дээр (Стратегид үл хамаарах) санал болгож буй туршлага, түүнд харгалзах технологи "шилдэг" гэж тодорхойлогдсон бэ?
During the most recent droughts in the Near East (in 2000 and 2008, when countries such as Syria and Iran after years as exporting countries had to import millions of tons of wheat and barley, several farmers reported that only those who kept their landraces were able to have a harvestable crop.|
Хэсэг 2. Шийдвэрлэх асуудал (шууд болон шууд бус шалтгаан), шилдэг туршлагын зорилтууд
Сайн туршлагын шийдвэрлэсэн гол асуудлууд
Varieties selected in experimental stations often do not fit the needs of resource poor farmers and therefore new varieties developed using conventional breeding are either rarely adopted by smallholder farmers in marginal areas or, if adopted, often result in disastrous consequences.This could be aggrivated during droughts as experienced in 2002-2008 and theatens the regional and global food security. |
Сайн туршлагыг нэвтрүүлснээр шийдвэрлэсэн газрын доройтлын асуудлыг жагсаана уу
Planting experimental varieties in farmers' fields rather than planing only in research stations, we are more likely to find varieties that are adapted to poor soils, and to increase biodiversity in farmers' fields by identifying varieties that suit each micro-climate.
Сайн туршлагын зорилтуудыг тодорхойлно уу
Breeding varieties that are better suited to diverse target environments, and better adapted to drought and climate change.
|Adoption: new varieties adopted by farmers
|Institutional: policy makers and scientists show interest in PPB
|Farmers’ skills and empowerment: the interactive nature of the PPB programs improves farmers’ knowledge, their ability to negotiate, and their dignity
|Biodiversity: different varieties have selected in different areas in the country, in response to different environmental constraints and users’ needs|Environmental protection:decrease in fertilizers and pesticides in croplands aimed at preventing ecosystem degradation and improving the sustainability of water resources |Improvement the socio-economic status of the locaion and the subsistance of the local people
Хэсэг 3. Үйл ажиллагаа
Үндсэн үйл ажиллагааны товч танилцуулга, зорилтуудаар
b) Incorporating landraces (indigenous varieties) in breeding programmes: Landrace collections of crops planted, multiplied and evaluated by farmers and breeders to select the best ones to incorporate into breeding programmes. |c) Evolutionary breeding: large populations resulting from a mixture of segregating populations (F2) grown at locations chosen together with farmers for being affected by one or more of the abiotic and biotic stresses on yield and quality. to evolve under forces of nature and artificial selection
a) Participatory Plant Breeding: In the first year of a typical PPB program, farmers will start with roughly 100 different lines. Following selection after the first year’s harvest they will select the best lines to be replanted again the next year. This process continues for about 4 years to arrive|
Технологийн техникийн нөхцөл ба товч тодорхойлолт
PPB is a particular approach to breeding, using approporiate technology.It aims to find varieties that are adapted to poor soils, to increase biodiversity in fields by identifying varieties that best suit each micro-climate and diverse target environments, and better adapted to drought and climate change..
Breeding varieties that are better suited to diverse target environments, and better adapted to drought and climate change.planting experimental varieties in farmers' fields rather than only in research stations, we are more likely to find varieties that are adapted to poor soils, and to increase bi|
Хэсэг 4. Оролцогч байгууллагууд / талууд (хамтын ажиллагаа, оролцоо, оролцогч талуудын үүрэг)
Технологи боловсруулсан байгууллагын нэр ба хаяг
The model first used in Iran was developed at ICARDA and is being implemented in Iran with the cooperation with the cooperation of Jihad-e Agriculture Organisation of Kermanshah province, the Dryland Agriculture Research Institute (DARI), Cenesta, the Group for the Sustainable Developmentof Garmsar|Agricultural Research and Education Organization(AREO) Ministry of Jihad-Agriclture-Tehran-Iran
Технологи нь түншлэлийн хүрээнд хэрэгжсэн үү?
Тийм
Түншүүдийн жагсаалт:
The model first used in Iran was developed at ICARDA and is being implemented in Iran with the cooperation with the Jihad-e Agriculture Organisation of Kermanshah province,|the Dryland Agriculture Research Institute (DARI),|the Institute for the Sustainable Development of Garmsar Plain (a farmers' association).
|Center for Environment Conservation and Sustainable Development (CENESTA)|Agriculture Research and Education Organization(AREO) Ministry of Jihad-e Agriculture-Iran
Технологийг дэмжих ажил ямар хүрээнд хэрэгжсэнийг тодорхойлно уу
- Үндэсний санаачлага-төрийн оролцоотой
- Үндэсний санаачлага-төрийн оролцоогүй
- Олон улсын санаачлага
Олон нутгийн сонирхогч талууд, түүн дотроо ИНБ-ын оролцоо, технологийг сайжруулахад түлхэц үзүүлсэн үү?
Тийм
Хамрагдсан орон нутгийн оролцогч талуудыг жагсаана уу:
Local farmers and villagers|Farmers' associations|Farmes'cooperatives|Research institutes in the concerned provinces |Local communities
Дээр дурдсан сонирхогч талуудын хувьд, технологийн дизайн, танилцуулга, ашиглалт, арчилгаа, сайжруулалтад ямар үүрэг гүйцэтгэснийг тодорхойлно уу.
CENESTA acts as a coordinator of all activities and between the various partners, as well as leading the approach of relating to farmers. the farmers' organisation takes care of all stages of planting, selection, harvesting, gathering and entering data.and MoA coordinates participation of locals|
Технологи хөгжүүлэхэд тухайн байршил эсвэл түүний ойр орчимд амьдрах ард иргэд оролцсон уу?
Тийм
Оролцоог хэрхэн зохион байгуулсан бэ?
- Оролцооны аргачлал
Дүн шинжилгээ
Хэсэг 5. Нөлөөлөлд хувь нэмэр
Талбайд илэрсэн үр нөлөөг тодорхойлно уу (гол хоёр үр нөлөөг төрлөөр)
Efficient soil management and disease and pests control
Increased role of local communities and farmers through Participatory Plant Breeding
Decrease of fertilizers and pesticides which further help conserve biodiversity and prevent contamination of water resources
improve the soil sustainability
Increased quality of crops and decreased irrigation need in croplands(4 times) compared with convensional agriculture(11 times)
Control of immigration occurred due to climate change and drought by boosting the efficiency rate of producing agricultural yield in critical times
Талбайн гадна илэрсэн хамгийн чухал хоёр нөлөөг (өөрөөр хэлбэл тухайн талбайд үгүй харин эргэн тойронд байгаа) тодорхойлно уу
Training of farmers and peasants as well as the participatory activities and processes in the project site have created an enabling environment out of the site in the nearby regions for developing such initiatives
Decrease in exploitation of deep and semi-deep wells due to PPB techniques and drough tresistant varieties that are best adapted to poor soils and harsh climate, has had positive impact on decreasing water demand and as a result increasing water level and recharging the water tables in the region|
Биологийн төрөл зүйл, уур амьсгалын өөрчлөлтийн нөлөөлөл
Шалтгааныг тайлбарлана уу:
The farmers taking part in PPB have to select varieties that better adapt themselves with ecosystem and the environment .Therefore, they always give priority to water requirement of the varieties rather soly their yield per hectare.|
Identification of local varieties of agricultural products which is one of the primary goals of the PPB, is directly related to the conservation of biodiversity of native germplasms of agricultures products and preservation of genetic reserves so far germplams of 70 varieties of barly are collected.|
Өртөг-ашгийн шинжилгээ хийгдсэн үү?
Өртөг-ашгийн шинжилгээ хийгдсэн үү?
Тийм
Тайлбар:
The cost-benefit analysis shows water in arid and semi-arid areas is a expensive implement in agriculture when determining costs of production.Therefore, in PPB in Kermanshah in 2008 by decreasing irrigation from 11 to 4 times as well as fertilizer and pesticides the product is very competetive.|
Бүлэг 6. Нэвтрүүлэх ба хуулбарлах боломж
Технологийг өөр бусад байршилд түгээж/нэвтрүүлсэн үү?
Технологийг өөр бусад байршилд түгээж/нэвтрүүлсэн үү?
Тийм
Хаана?
Semnan province|Chaharmahal - Bahktiyari province|Fars province|Qazvin province|Khorasan province
Технологи нэвтрүүлэхэд урамшуулал ашигласан уу?
Технологи нэвтрүүлэхэд урамшуулал ашигласан уу?
Тийм
Урамшууллын ямар төрөл ашигласныг зааж өгнө үү:
- Бодлогын болон зохицуулах урамшуулал, дэмжлэг (тухайлбал, зах зээлийн шаардлага болон зохицуулалтыг бууруулах, импорт/экспортын дэмжлэг үзүүлэх, гадаад хөрөнгө оруулагч татах, хөгжлийн судалгаа хийх дэмжлэг г.м.)
- Санхүүгийн урамшуулал (жишээлбэл, хөнгөлөлттэй хүү, улсын тусламж, татаас, мөнгөн тэтгэмж, зээлийн баталгаа гэх мэт)
- Төсвийн урамшуулал (жишээлбэл, татвар, хураамж гэх мэт татвараас чөлөөлөх, хасах гэх мэт)
Шилдэг туршлага/ технологийг амжилтанд хүргэсэн гурван үндсэн нөхцөлийг та тодорхойлж чадах уу?
The flexibility of monitoring and assessment by farmers rather than research stations, is one of the main conditions that led to the success of PPB which makes it replicable elsewhere with some level of adaptation. |
Emphasis on planting local varieties that farmers know and tested before in the region which are also more resistant to climatic changes like drought and lack of precipitation and hot and cold weatheris one of the main conditions that led to the success of PPB which makes it replicable elsewhere .
Establishing CBOs and development of participatory processes is one of the main conditions that led to the success of PPB which makes it replicable elsewhere with some level of adaptation.
Хуулбарлах боломж
Таны бодлоор таны санал болгож буй сайн туршлага ба технологийг өөр газар ямар нэг зүйлийг нь өөрчилж, засч, шинэчилэх замаар хуулбарлан хэрэгжүүлж болох уу?
Тийм
Аль түвшинд?
- Орон нутгийн
- Хагас үндэсний
- Үндэсний
- Хагас бүс нутгийн
- Бүс нутгийн
- Олон улсын
Хэсэг 7. Сургамж
Хүний нөөцтэй холбоотой
Inviting farmers to plant breeding programs,has led to wide participation and real partnership of farmers and their families especially women in the DLDD-related activities |Research should not only carried out by research stations without involving farmers in the breeding process, and planting experimental varieties in farmers' fields. it is urgent to deploy on the ground a dynamic and inexpensive strategy which will quickly enhance the adaptation of crops to climate change and hence mitigate the impact of climate change
Санхүүгийн нөөцтэй холбоотой
It is important that governments establish funds within PPB projects to support farmers to promote locally adapted genetic resources (landraces) resistant to high levels of abiotic stresses for attaining environmental sustainability and food security,rather than spending huge amount of money annually in form of insurance coverage for compensation of agricultural damages to farmers without planning for adaptation to cope with future challenges.|
Техникийн нөөцтэй холбоотой
we have to find varieties that are adapted to poor soils, and to increase biodiversity in farmers' fields by identifying varieties that suit each micro-climate.In this connection adaptation is of high imprtance in future plannings and would be welcomed by wide participation of farmersthe interactive nature of the PPB programs improves farmers’ knowledge, their ability to negotiate, and their dignity.|Involving farmers in the breeding process, and planting experimental varieties in farmers' fields rather than only in research stations which is surrounded by fragile desert ecosystem and marginal lands are mor, and better adapted to drought and climate change.e likely to find varieties that are adapted to poor soils, and to increase biodiversity in farmers' fields and
Хэсэг 8. Leg 1-ийн нэмэлт асуулт
Бүлэг 1-ийн нэмэлт асуултууд
Target area size/administrative unit: 2500000.0
Холбоос ба модулууд
Бүгдийг дэлгэх Бүгдийг хаахХолбоосууд
Холбоос байхгүй байна
Модулууд
Модуль байхгүй байна